Application of MQTT protocol in data collection of petroleum industry

MQTT protocol overview

MQTT is a standard messaging protocol for the Internet of Things. It is designed as a very lightweight publish/subscribe messaging, which is very suitable for connecting remote devices with a small code footprint and network bandwidth. MQTT protocol has the following characteristics:

• lightweight and efficient. : MQTT client is very small and requires less equipment resources. The MQTT message header is very small, which can optimize the network bandwidth.
• Two-way communication : MQTT allows message transfer from device to cloud and cloud to device.
• Reliable message delivery : MQTT has 3 defined service quality levels: 0-at most once, 1-at least once, 2-exactly once. The reliability of message delivery can be guaranteed according to business scenarios.
• supports unreliable networks : Many IoT devices connect via unreliable cellular networks. MQTT's support for persistent sessions reduces the time it takes to reconnect the client and the broker.
• Security : MQTT allows you to easily encrypt messages with TLS and authenticate clients using modern authentication protocols such as OAuth.

Today, MQTT is widely used in industries such as automobiles, manufacturing, telecommunications, oil and gas.

This series of articles will explain in detail how the MQTT protocol plays a role in the actual application scenarios of various industries.

Internet of Things Business in the Petroleum Industry

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things technology, new information sensing equipment and various wired and wireless network technologies have gradually become popular in petroleum exploration, production, storage and transportation environments. Petroleum and petrochemical companies hope to use Internet of Things technology to realize remote management of oilfield terminal equipment and optimize the efficiency, security and scalability of Internet of Things data storage and management.

In the oil production and transportation storage scenarios, the traditional industrial bus protocol and PLC protocol are converted into the Internet of Things MQTT protocol through the industrial edge gateway, and the on-site real-time data is transferred to the data center to realize remote collection and centralized management of on-site data , Is currently one of the key directions of technological transformation of production monitoring in petroleum and petrochemical enterprises.

Pain points of traditional oil production data collection scenarios

Traditional oil production plants use on-site dedicated wireless or wired networks to transmit the oil pressure, oil temperature, load, power and other data in the oil well to the RTU or PLC in real time, and then aggregate them through the local SCADA system and store them in the production area or joint station. The database in the control room. The central computer room of the plant needs to periodically synchronize data from the database of the station control computer room to realize data aggregation in multiple work areas.

With the increasing demand for real-time data consumption by enterprises, the frequency of access to edge databases has also increased, and the following problems have gradually been exposed in the actual operation process:

• The data acquisition and data storage software and hardware of the station are aging, and the update cost is high;
• As the amount of collected data continues to increase, the overall performance begins to fail to meet the ever-increasing demand for data;
• The factory area cannot obtain real-time data, and the real-time management and monitoring capabilities of the station are insufficient;
• On-site technical maintenance personnel work hard, and labor costs are high.

Oil production data collection scheme based on MQTT protocol

Thanks to the popularization of network technology in the petroleum industry, network connectivity has been basically achieved between the oil field operation area and the plant area, providing basic network conditions for the introduction of the Internet of Things technology. Various production data can also be collected, aggregated and further processed through the MQTT protocol to give full play to its value.

Take the EMQ cloud edge data collection solution as an example:

Convert various industrial protocols to MQTT to achieve unified access

On the site side, the industrial data acquisition gateway software Neuron converts the field meter data using Modbus-RTU and Modbus-TCP protocols into the highly reliable and lightweight MQTT protocol, and then pushes the real-time data to the factory through the private network. The data access platform of the central computer room is EMQ X .

Filter the data and push it

Part of the redundant data or other system data can eKuiper deployed on the site side, and the meaningful data can be pushed to the data access platform EMQ X in the central computer room of the factory.

The collected data is moved to the database in real time for business applications

The data access platform EMQ X in the central computer room of the plant will uniformly access real-time data and store it in the database of the central computer room. Various business applications can connect to the database to pull related business data.

Real-time push of alarm information through MQTT protocol

Data that needs to be processed in real time, such as production equipment alarms and station access alarms, can be pushed to the alarm processing business system by the data access platform EMQ X through the MQTT protocol to achieve rapid real-time data processing.

Use MQTT protocol for real-time device monitoring

The plant data center platform can also realize remote control and management of field devices through MQTT messages.

What does the MQTT protocol bring?

Improve business real-time

The MQTT protocol has features such as light weight, high reliability, and QoS. It can report equipment and system data in a large number of production areas to the factory data center in real time, greatly improving the real-time performance of the business.

Reduce software and hardware costs

The lightweight design of MQTT greatly reduces the hardware requirements from the client to the server. In the EMQ cloud-side data collection solution, the highly available MQTT message server EMQ X in the central computer room of the factory and the lightweight edge industrial gateway Neuron used in production and business replaced the expensive SCADA system and data collection and storage on the site side The server reduces the overall hardware and software costs by more than 50%.

Save labor cost

Due to the light front-end and heavy back-end architecture, the number and complexity of on-site equipment are greatly reduced, and on-site operation and maintenance load and personnel costs can be reduced by more than 70%.

Through the data acquisition architecture based on the MQTT protocol, the factory data center can obtain various on-site real-time data, so as to use these high-quality business data to perform remote equipment operation, wellbore placement optimization analysis, monitoring of the operating environment, emission control, and remote auxiliary maintenance. Business applications to achieve cost reduction and efficiency enhancement and business innovation for oil companies.

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Original link: https://www.emqx.com/zh/blog/application-of-mqtt-protocol-in-oil-and-gas-industry