SpringBoot realizes two ways of hot deployment!

Preface

As a Java programmer, Xiaozhai often needs to modify the code in his daily work, and then restart the service to verify whether the code takes effect. If it is a small project, the restart speed is faster and the waiting time is shorter. But as the project grows larger and is split into multiple services, some code changes may require restarting multiple services to take effect. In this way, it takes a lot of time to wait for the service to restart.

This will definitely not work, and it will greatly affect my development efficiency, so is there a way to achieve it, after modifying the code, can I not restart the project?

There must be some, otherwise the article is coming from 😁.

Hot Swap

Since Java1.4, JVM has introduced HotSwap, which can update the bytecode of the class during Debug. So using hot deployment, you can load the modified code without restarting the service after modifying the code, but it can only be used to update the method body. IDEA as an artifact naturally supports this technology.

Configure IDEA

Click the currently running service, and then click Edit Configurations .

Click on the program you want to configure, find On ‘Update’ action and On frame deactivation select Update classes and resources . Click OK to implement hot deployment.

After the above configuration, after modifying the code. Just click the small hammer or use the shortcut key Command + F9 to recompile, and the changed code can take effect. And it will also prompt how many classes have been re-read.

Although the function of hot deployment can be achieved here. However, the Java virtual machine can only implement the hot deployment of method body modification. For the structural modification of the entire class, it is still necessary to restart the virtual machine and reload the class to complete the update operation.

test

Initial state

Method body modification

Class structure changes

Since hot deployment only supports modifying the method body, an error will be reported when the class structure changes, and it will be prompted whether it needs to be restarted.

DevTools

Although the simple hot deployment was achieved by configuring IDEA, there are obvious shortcomings, and only the hot deployment of the method body can be modified. Obviously, it can't meet the daily needs, so DevTools needs to be used instead at this time.

DevTools is that Spring provides developers with a spring-boot-devtools to enable Spring Boot applications to support hot deployment and improve developer development efficiency without manually restarting Spring Boot applications. It is very simple to use, just introduce the following dependencies into the project.

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

Trigger restart

In the strict sense, does not count as 16190c210f0f19 hot deployment , but fast restart . why would you said this? The implementation principle of DevTools is: two class loaders are used, one is base classloader to load classes that will not be changed (for example, Jar from a third party), and the other is restart classloader to load classes that are currently being developed. So when the application restarts, restart classloader will be discarded and a new class loader will be created. This means that the application restart is usually much faster than a "cold start" because base classloader already filled and available.

In short: monitors classpath resources. When files on the classpath change, the application is automatically restarted. Since only the modified classes need to be re-read, it is faster than cold start .

So the question is, how to update the classpath to trigger an automatic restart? Actually this depends on the IDE you use:

1. In Eclipse, saving the modified file will cause the classpath to be updated and trigger a restart.
2. In IntelliJ IDEA, you need to click the Build button Command + F9 build the project.

Configure automatic restart

At this time, some friends may want to ask, is there no function similar to that of saving files in Eclipse to automatically trigger a restart. It must be there, and it can be achieved by only performing the following two steps of configuration.

Note: You need to restore all the previous settings.

1. Turn on Build project automatically .

2. Use the shortcut key: Ctrl + Alt + Shift + / call up the Registry window, check the compiler.automake.allow.when.app.running option.

The new version is shown below:

Summarize

IDEA can only modify the hot deployment of the method body, which cannot meet the daily use requirements, so DevTools is more recommended. But if you feel that restarting is not fast enough for you. You can consider using the JRebel plugin.

end

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