BitBear: One of the activities that cannot be missed in the summer is chasing "Stranger Things". This season is so good, rubbing hands and waiting for the end of the season.
BitBear: Can you guess the color of the banner in the live broadcast of this episode? Can you guess that this guest is related to Visual Studio and C++? That's right! This time, BitBear invited our Microsoft MVP Maori teacher and Intel's specially invited expert Zhang Yinkui!
[Bit Bear Story Collection] As an important column of the Bit Bear live broadcast room, we regularly invite technical experts and industry pioneers as guests. Not only the most "hot" technologies, but also more personal stories and interesting topics to be unlocked! Please continue to pay attention, and encourage everyone to recommend the "hero" you want to know. Welcome to the live broadcast room, together with BitBear, and chat with experts at zero distance.
Welcome everyone to visit the MSLearn learning platform and plan the learning path with Bit Bear to accelerate the progress
BitBear: Before the technical sharing and MVP hero story, I would like to ask the two teachers if there are any characters they admire or look forward to in movies or TV series? The souls that everyone is familiar with in the IT circle are also fine.
Zhang Yinkui: It may be related to age. I like more traditional Chinese culture, such as Confucius played by Chow Yun-fat, and another famous thinker in Chinese history, Zhu Xi. Unfortunately, Zhu Xi has not been made into a movie, at least not too famous. .
Maori: My personal idol is David Cutler, the father of Windows NT, the modern kernel of Windows. I admire him very much. He is 80 this year and is still working on high-intensity project development in front-line positions. I hope that I will become such a person. I can write code all my life. It is actually a very good thing to write code until the last moment of my life. It is my ideal to fill in all the holes I opened before responsibly. one.
BitBear : Teacher Maori's determination to "write code for life" is admirable. Teacher Maori is also our Microsoft MVP. Let's ask Maori teacher to start technical analysis.
Maori : Today I mainly talk about how to use the modern Visual Studio C++ tool chain to improve the experience in actual project development. Today I mainly start with XAML, and then talk about UEFI. Although these two terms span a bit, I believe that by connecting The following explanation will allow you to convert concepts very smoothly.
In September last year, I created a file archiving tool NanaZip. The reason for doing this is that the first preview version of Windows 11 was released in June last year. However, after two months, I have not seen any third-party suitable File archiving tool with Windows 11 File Explorer's new context menu. I consider myself a professional Windows desktop app developer and definitely keep up with the latest Windows, but if I upgrade to a new platform and the compression tool is not available in the right-click menu, my productivity will be greatly reduced.
So I created the NanaZip project on August 31, and it went online quickly after a month of development, which helped some people in this situation. NanaZip is a derivative of 7-Zip, 7-Zip itself is a very traditional Windows desktop application, so this is a very good example of how to modernize a traditional application, some of the problems encountered when gradually modernized and solution. For example, when we create a Windows application packaging project, when trying to package it, there is a high probability that the dynamic link library you wrote will not be found.
The main reason is that the Windows application packaging project will store the files generated by each of your projects separately in each folder by default. The solution to this problem is relatively simple. Add the following to the top of the application packaging project configuration file content can solve the problem.
When we want to modernize a traditional desktop application, we will inevitably use the Windows Runtime interface to arm our traditional application. We generally recommend using the NuGet version. In Visual Studio C++ projects, the NuGet version is quite inconvenient to use. Of course, if you use .NET, you will find that the .NET project supports the Package Reference feature... If you want to use the Visual Studio designer to modify the interface while using XAML, in order to compile you can To succeed, we also need to add the following:
For details, you can read the implementation in the MSBuild configuration of the NanaZip practical case here.
In order to realize NanaZip's promise of using XAML Islands to modernize from 2.0, according to my actual situation, I need to do two projects to probe the boundaries of XAML Islands. One of the projects with a relatively simple interface is a file transfer tool, that is, open source. The front-end NanaGet of aria2, I use NanaGet as an example to explain how to use XAML Islands for development more comfortably under Visual Studio... In order to be able to use UWP or modern resource files of XAML Islands, we need to introduce the generation of PRI files...
Because the Windows UI Library 3 in the Windows App SDK at this stage does not support interoperability with Win32 HWND, if you want to do it, you need to use non-public and frequently changing interfaces, but XAML Islands can treat XAML content as a Win32 HWND So there is no such problem, which is why I choose XAML Islands instead of Windows App SDK at present, and I think XAML Islands is a better solution.
Zhang Yinkui : Today I would like to share with you my experience and thoughts on software debugging technology. The word metaverse is very popular today. I understand that the so-called metaverse is actually the universe of bits, a binary universe. The name of Bit Bear Live Streaming Studio is very good. We actually live in a world of bits today. For the live broadcast this time, I drew a very special architecture diagram, which imitated the relationship diagram of cosmic and celestial bodies. The universe is big and small, almost infinite, right? The software world is pretty much the same. At the bottom is the hardware world, such as Intel-based x86 architecture, 386486 Pentium, etc. After Core, Intel likes to name new processor microarchitectures with the name of the US National Park, such as this Skylake, Ivy Lake, Tiger Lake, Alder Lake , the relatively new 12th generation is Alder Lake. I love this naming method, which allows us to expand our imagination.
The hardware world is the software world, there is firmware - UEFI mentioned by Mr. Maori just now, and then there are virtualization, cloud, and Hypervisor (VMM). The Hypervisor also contains the Supervisor inside the virtual machine, which is what we traditionally call the operating system kernel. The operating system also has an environment subsystem. For example, our Windows today can actually run Linux. There are traditional Windows programs in the Windows operating system, and Windows programs are subdivided into .NET and CLR... Today, there are many container technologies, and it is very complicated to dig into any point in this world. Some of Studio's development skills, any point will trouble us, saying that we might get stuck there. Today I want to tell you how to understand such a complex world.
What I'm showing you now is the mobile version of Intel's 11th-generation Tiger Lake, which includes both CPU and GPU. The blue part in the middle can be seen as the core of the CPU, and the right side is the core of the GPU. During my last five years at Intel, I was in Intel's GPU team. Whether it is CPU or GPU, it is a complexity that cannot be confronted by individual power. It is far beyond the control of an individual or even a small team, so a large-scale team is required, and a large-scale team also depends on some external conditions, the full cooperation of the entire industry, and the cooperation of software and hardware. In the face of such an extremely complex soft and hard world, how should a personal technical engineer look at it? To quote my favorite Zhu Xi's sentence, "there are thousands of threads, and there is one thing in the end." When we take a deep look at hardware and software, any small point is very complicated, and it is impossible to fully understand in a limited life. How to quickly master some laws can quickly overcome it, so we must find "one principle". Long story short, summed up in four words - get on the debugger.
We use debugger-centric debugging tools to quickly penetrate to the key points we want to understand. So how to understand it deeply? It takes a lot of practical experience to convert it into our own methodology. When I joined Intel in 2003, I didn’t expect to work at Intel for so long, and it took me 13 years. Intel has too many places I can't bear to leave. The very relaxed working environment allows me to write a book when I have time to work at Intel. The first edition of "Software Debugging" has more than 1,000 pages and more than 1 million words. When I was working at Intel, I basically didn't work overtime at night, and I devoted all my spare time to writing books, and I also wrote "Gestra Compilation" while I was working at Intel.
However, it is not easy to learn debugging techniques well. The principle and practice, and the left foot and the right foot, can achieve the goal of deeply understanding the software. I am 50 years old this year. Many colleagues in China think that this age is not suitable for technology, but I still insist on doing technology. When everyone looks at the desktop, it is still a programmer's desktop. I will open a virtual machine here to show you... I recommend that you use the modulator to penetrate to the part you want to understand the most. For example, if I interrupt the kernel now, I can quickly understand some of the most critical concepts. The first thing you see is the so-called register context of the CPU. The computer system follows a basic principle, which is the basic principle created by Turing, and its state is limited. From the CPU's point of view, its limited state is directly reflected in the register context. For the CPU, the core is the register. The classic x86 architecture we see now has a very good advantage that it is easy to learn. It has a very small number of registers. If you break the same ARM, you will see more than 30 registers at once, but our classic x86 only has 8 general-purpose registers, plus a program pointer.
Where are we parked now and why did we stop there? You can execute the K command to see his execution process, which is a well-known thread in the kernel, the idle process. I said that the CPU will run as soon as it is powered on, to fetch instructions. When there are no instructions to execute, because my virtual machine is relatively empty, the CPU will go to the idle process to doze off and enter a low-power state. So I give him a break and it executes a famous int 3 instruction, the interrupt modulator is reviewed, and you can see that the CPU is now empty, executing an idle loop.
Now let's run a software I wrote called "I'm Buggy!", which specializes in simulating various errors. You can think of the debugger as a ghost, always monitoring our computer system, any critical event of the computer system will be reported to the modulator, this is a basic principle followed by the operating system kernel design, CPU hardware or the design of the entire software world . What we call computer science today is actually not much scientific, most of which are minutiae and various codes. What we can call scientific today is the idea of the finite state machine created by Turing.
I am now simulating an error, Loading a driver, the famous null pointer. A bit of null pointer is immediately broken, because the software and hardware agree together, some spaces are inaccessible, such as address 0, the entire page 0 is inaccessible, the entire CPU is executed in protected mode, at this time it There are some unspoken rules. I just deliberately triggered the null pointer, and the kernel immediately alarmed. We can use the power of a powerful debugger to see its ins and outs. Here we can roughly see that a kernel module called RealBug triggers the null pointer. We can also use the u, r command to see the context of the executed instruction. This is an x86 mov instruction. The mov instruction is an assignment, and the direct address 0 is written to 1, which is a deliberate null pointer. When this CPU alarm is executed, it is reported to the operating system kernel, and the operating system kernel is reported to the debugger, because I am debugging, if I do not have the debugger, the blue screen will be blue.
I used a virtual machine to demonstrate to you just now. I have a lot of debugging equipment in my actual work. These are all large and small x86 systems, and they are divided into different versions. Some are specially used to debug Hypervisor, and some are used to debug Windows. 10. Windows 11. Let me summarize it a little bit. One of my sharing of the basic part, quoting Wang Guowei's sentence, is "a realm is self-contained"...Literary works have realms, and TV dramas also have realms. The first shot will be given to you. The realm, in the end, is the smoke filled with gunpowder, or green water and green mountains. Software also has boundaries, just like when I stopped there with a breakpoint just now, to see whether it is in kernel mode or user mode, whether it is executing .NET or executing Java code, I can immediately distinguish what the CPU is doing now. Therefore, we must establish such a state of thinking... Only by grasping this state and entering the scene can we think deeply.
BitBear : We all know that Mr. Zhang has been working in technology for a long time and has very rich experience in the industry. Next, Mr. Zhang would like to share his entrepreneurial experience.
Zhang Yinkui : My entrepreneurial story starts with a fan at hand. Zhu Xi made one of the biggest contributions, which is to distill our Chinese culture into four books, the first one is called "University" (although it was not written by Zhu Xi) , only 205 words, one fan can be put down. This fan was made by my entrepreneurial team, and hundreds of them were made using Anhui rice paper. The first sentence is "the way of university, in Mingmingde", "Mingmingde" is my most heartfelt idea when starting a business. One of the main platforms I started my business was "Shengge School", and the goal was to spread Internet technology through this platform.
Just now, the Maori teacher also mentioned that the father of the kernel is David Cutler. This photo of him was taken about two years ago, and he is 80 years old this year, which I admire very much. He is my modern life idol, and I have felt the light in his heart through emails. For example, when we look at the photo of Cutler, there is a kind of power. An 80-year-old sitting there writing code, and an 80-year-old lying in a hospital bed, give us a different feeling. All the products I started have this idea in mind. This is the Zhong Kui printed on the first batch of GDK7 in 2020. Because Zhong Kui specializes in catching ghosts and eliminating evil in the world, all my products have Zhong Kui's logo on them.
GDK7 is based on Intel's DCI technology. It can directly interrupt the system from the hardware level without a software debugger and find some rogue software and viruses. This method is very thorough. Any software debugger may be kidnapped by rogue software. , so our product is liked by many domestic counterparts who research security, especially those who are at the bottom... Our latest "Swing Gun" is a smaller debugger, suitable for carrying around.
Does starting a business make money? Frankly speaking, I really don’t care, so I don’t need to invest now. Investors may put pressure on me. Now I can do whatever I like.
BitBear : We introduced Mr. Maori as a new MVP at the beginning. Why did Mr. Maori join the MVP family?
Maori : The reason is very simple. When I first came into contact with computers, the first enlightenment book about Windows I read was written by two MVPs, Peng Aihua and Liu Hui. No less than 50 times. I've always looked forward to them and hope to be MVP one day. Later, I also learned that if one day I accidentally entered Microsoft, there is a high probability that I will not get the MVP. So for me, the sooner I get the MVP, the better. Even if I accidentally entered Microsoft, at least I have the experience of being an MVP, which makes me regret a little less, and to some extent, it feels like a grand slam.
Zhang Yinkui : I also know Teacher Peng. Basin!
BitBear : It looks like Mr. Peng is very famous! I hope to have the opportunity to invite Mr. Penpen to our live broadcast room in the future.
BitBear : Earlier, Mr. Zhang mentioned his favorite movies, such as Chow Yun-fat's "Confucius" and Mr. Maori. As far as I know, your "tastes" are very different from Mr. Zhang's!
Zhang Yinkui : I like Chow Yun-fat's Confucius very much. This story starts from the most glorious moment of Confucius' life, to when he encountered various difficulties and twists while traveling around the world. There is a scene in which when Confucius was lecturing, someone came to make trouble and cut down a big tree. There is also a very interesting detail. Confucius went to see a famous beauty Nanzi. The conflict in this scene is very exciting. Whether it is life or software, it is actually full of contradictions.
Maori : I watch less movies, usually American dramas or documentaries. In American TV series, "Breaking Bad" is strongly recommended. Lao Bai is an out-and-out villain, but I learned one thing from him. If you have the opportunity to do something you love, do it as much as possible. I would also like to recommend a documentary series called Top Gear, a BBC show about cars. I can see the love for cars from their performance. When I was in college, I majored in automobiles, but I had no interest in cars at all. Even so, I love watching this show. If a person really loves their career, it can also attract other people who have no interest in it at all.
Bit Bear : I fell in love with a field that I was not very interested in through a program, so I should also watch such a charming documentary Bit Bear!
Bit Bear has something to say
In this issue, Bit Bear has invited Microsoft's new MVP, Maori, who is engaged in Windows desktop development, and Intel's special guest, Zhang Yinkui, who is good at using debugging tools! Maori has been using C++ for some development for a long time, so he shared some tips on developing UEFI applications with Visual Studio and XAML Islands C++ development with examples, and also showed us the "guys" he wrote generously! And Mr. Zhang Yinkui With many years of industry experience and insights, he started with a special "image" schematic explanation, applied many interesting examples, and talked about the multiple values of software debugging technology with high saturation.
Although the two guests have a certain "distance" in terms of age and experience, their common idol, David Cutler, the father of the NT kernel, has always encouraged them to pursue their dream of "writing code for life"! BitBear also learned that Mr. Maori has been involved in open source since 2014 (when he was still a student at the time), and his enthusiasm for open source has not diminished until now. We can see that he has done a lot of things, and in his words "filled the hole". During the live broadcast, there were many "fans" and friends of the Maori teacher who continued to support, and the whole live broadcast was full of positive communication atmosphere. Teacher Zhang Yinkui respects Confucius, Zhu Xi and other cultural celebrities, uses his ideas to guide practice, and quotes classics in the live broadcast, allowing BitBear to enjoy a cultural journey in addition to technical learning. Teacher Zhang Yinkui farms in his spare time, and Teacher Maori likes to ride his bicycle around and observe the city where he lives. Even though the experience and habits of the two are so different, when it comes to technology, the two are highly consistent in their dedication and exploration of the cause they love. BitBear also hopes that everyone can pursue their dreams without regrets in their favorite fields and enjoy the process!
The summer party of Bit Bear and everyone has come to an end! Friends are welcome to tell Bit Bear what you want to say, and you may receive unexpected surprise responses!
Attention Pls! There is a big event at the end of the month!
Full of joy, stay tuned!
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