Working with Docker Images

目标

• 本地主机管理镜像
• 创建自己的镜像
• 上传镜像到Docker Hub registry

Listing images on the host

列出主机的镜像

shelladolph@geek:~$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
ubuntu              14.04               07f8e8c5e660        12 days ago         188.3 MB
hello-world         latest              91c95931e552        3 weeks ago         910 B
training/webapp     latest              31fa814ba25a        11 months ago       278.8 MB

镜像来自的仓库，标签和Id这些信息都很重要，来自相同的仓库我们通过标签来指定要运行的镜像

languagedocker run -i -t ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
docker run -i -t ubuntu:latest /bin/bash     (不加标签默认是`latest`)

个人觉得标签的好处是对于来自相同的仓库通过标签来告诉docker我要运行的是哪个镜像

Finding images

寻找镜像

languagedocker search [image name]
docker pull [image name]...找到合适的后直接拉下来

Creating our own images

创建和定制自己的镜像

• 更改现有镜像并提交（保存）
• 使用Dockerfile来制作镜像

Updating and committing an image

languagedocker run -i -t ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
root@5bc673e32e0a:/#apt-get install git
root@5bc673e32e0a:/#exit
sudo docker commit -m "install git" -a "adolph" 0b2616b0e5a8 adolph/ubuntu:14.04

output:4f177bd27a9ff0f6dc2a830403925b5360bfe0b93d476f7fc3231110e7f71b1c

Building an image from a Dockerfile

languagemkdir ubuntu
cd ubuntu
touch Dockerfile
vim Dockerfile
content:

#this is my fiest image created by dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER adolph <[e-mail]>
RUN apt-get update
#RUN apt-get install git

结果：

languageadolph@geek:~/ubuntu$ sudo docker build -t adolph-dockerfile/ubuntu:14.04 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
Sending build context to Docker daemon 
Step 0 : FROM ubuntu:14.04
 ---> 07f8e8c5e660
Step 1 : MAINTAINER adolph <[e-mail]>
 ---> Running in 241ad7c398c3
 ---> 10d866905c1a
Removing intermediate container 241ad7c398c3
Step 2 : RUN apt-get update
 ---> Running in 826db7ff28e6
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease
。。。。。。。。。

sudo docker build -t adolph-dockerfile/ubuntu:14.04 .

注意上述命令有个.用来指定Dockerfile文件的位置

Setting tags on an image

给镜像添加标签

languagedocker tag [image id] [username]/[repository]:[tag name]

Push an image to Docker Hub

需要登录Docker Hub账号

docker push [image name]

Remove an image from the host

docker rmi [image name]

总结

languagedocker images...查看docker镜像
docker search [images name]...查找镜像

sudo docker commit -m "install git" -a "adolph" 0b2616b0e5a8（old image id） adolph/ubuntu:14.04(new image name with tag 14.04)
这条命令很重要和难记，-m和git commit -m的作用类似，-a指定作者,id指更改过的image的id，adolph/ubuntu是新的image的名字

languagedocker build -t adolph-dockerfile/ubuntu:14.04 .
后面要指定dockerfile的地址
docker tag [image id] [username]/[repository]:[tag name]
docker push [image name]
docker rmi [image name]