Java实现excel导入导出学习笔记2 - 利用xml技术设置导入模板,设置excel样式

xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<excel id="student" code="student" name="学生信息导入">
    <colgroup>
        <col index="A" width='17em'></col>
        <col index="B" width='17em'></col>
        <col index="C" width='17em'></col>
        <col index="D" width='17em'></col>
        <col index="E" width='17em'></col>
        <col index="F" width='17em'></col>        
    </colgroup>
    <title>
        <tr height="16px">
            <td rowspan="1" colspan="6" value="学生信息导入" />
        </tr>
    </title>
    <thead>
        <tr height="16px">
            <th value="编号" />
            <th value="姓名" />
            <th value="年龄" />
            <th value="性别" />
            <th value="出生日期" />
            <th value=" 爱好" />            
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr height="16px" firstrow="2" firstcol="0" repeat="5">
            <td type="string" isnullable="false" maxlength="30" /><!--用户编号 -->
            <td type="string" isnullable="false" maxlength="50" /><!--姓名 -->
            <td type="numeric" format="##0" isnullable="false" /><!--年龄 -->
            <td type="enum" format="男,女" isnullable="true" /><!--性别 -->
            <td type="date" isnullable="false" maxlength="30" /><!--出生日期 -->
            <td type="enum" format="足球,篮球,乒乓球" isnullable="true" /><!--爱好 -->
        </tr>
    </tbody>
</excel>

execel的行和列以0开头

设置单元格居中

HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();//创建单元格样式
cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//设置单元格对齐方式

设置单元格字体

HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontName("仿宋_GB2312");
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);//字体加粗
//font.setFontHeight((short)12);
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
cellStyle.setFont(font);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

//合并单元格居中

 sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(rspan, rspan, 0, cspan));

设置单元格数据类型

 /**
     * 测试单元格样式
     * @author David
     * @param wb
     * @param cell
     * @param td
     */
    private static void setType(HSSFWorkbook wb, HSSFCell cell, Element td) {
        Attribute typeAttr = td.getAttribute("type");
        String type = typeAttr.getValue();
        HSSFDataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        if("NUMERIC".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
            Attribute formatAttr = td.getAttribute("format");
            String formatValue = formatAttr.getValue();
            formatValue = StringUtils.isNotBlank(formatValue)? formatValue : "#,##0.00";
            cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat(formatValue));
        }else if("STRING".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            cell.setCellValue("");
            cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
            cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("@"));
        }else if("DATE".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
            cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-m-d"));
        }else if("ENUM".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            CellRangeAddressList regions =
                    new CellRangeAddressList(cell.getRowIndex(), cell.getRowIndex(),
                            cell.getColumnIndex(), cell.getColumnIndex());
            Attribute enumAttr = td.getAttribute("format");
            String enumValue = enumAttr.getValue();
            //加载下拉列表内容
            DVConstraint constraint =
                    DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(enumValue.split(","));
            //数据有效性对象
            HSSFDataValidation dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
            wb.getSheetAt(0).addValidationData(dataValidation);
        }
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
    }

设置下拉列表类型

封装设置数据有效性方法

/**
     * 方法名称：SetDataValidation
     * 内容摘要：设置数据有效性
     * @param  sheet excel sheet內容
     * @param textList 下拉列表
     * @param firstRow 單元格範圍
     * @param firstCol
     * @param endRow
     * @param endCol
     */
    private static HSSFDataValidation setDataValidation(HSSFSheet sheet,String[] textList,short firstRow,short firstCol, short endRow, short endCol) {
        //加载下拉列表内容
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(textList);
        //设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
        //四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,endRow, firstCol, endCol);
        //数据有效性对象
        HSSFDataValidation data_validation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
        sheet.addValidationData(data_validation);
        return data_validation;
    }

设置列宽方法封装

    /**
     * 设置列宽
     * @author David
     * @param sheet
     * @param colgroup
     */
    private static void setColumnWidth(HSSFSheet sheet, Element colgroup) {
        List<Element> cols = colgroup.getChildren("col");
        for (int i = 0; i < cols.size(); i++) {
            Element col = cols.get(i);
            Attribute width = col.getAttribute("width");
            String unit = width.getValue().replaceAll("[0-9,\\.]", "");//截取单位
            String value = width.getValue().replaceAll(unit, "");//擦除单位
            int v=0;
            //单位转化
            if(StringUtils.isBlank(unit) || "px".endsWith(unit)){//如果单位为空或等于px
                v = Math.round(Float.parseFloat(value) * 37F);
            }else if ("em".endsWith(unit)){//如果单位为em
                v = Math.round(Float.parseFloat(value) * 267.5F);
            }
            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, v);//设置第i列宽度为v
        }
    }

完整代码

package com.imooc.excel;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.jdom.Attribute;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by chenld1 on 2015/10/6.
 */
public class CreateTemplate {
    /**
     * 创建模板文件
     * @author David
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取解析xml文件路径

        String path = System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/student2.xml";
        File file = new File(path);
        SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();
        try {
            //解析xml文件
            Document parse = builder.build(file);
            //创建Excel
            HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
            //创建sheet
            HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet0");

            //获取xml文件跟节点
            Element root = parse.getRootElement();
            //获取模板名称
            String templateName = root.getAttribute("name").getValue();

            int rownum = 0;
            int column = 0;
            //设置列宽
            Element colgroup = root.getChild("colgroup");
            setColumnWidth(sheet,colgroup);

            //设置标题
            Element title = root.getChild("title");
            List<Element> trs = title.getChildren("tr");
            for (int i = 0; i < trs.size(); i++) {
                Element tr = trs.get(i);
                List<Element> tds = tr.getChildren("td");
                HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rownum);
                HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();//创建单元格样式
                cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//设置单元格对齐方式
                for(column = 0;column <tds.size();column ++){
                    Element td = tds.get(column);
                    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(column);
                    Attribute rowSpan = td.getAttribute("rowspan");
                    Attribute colSpan = td.getAttribute("colspan");
                    Attribute value = td.getAttribute("value");
                    if(value !=null){
                        String val = value.getValue();
                        cell.setCellValue(val);
                        int rspan = rowSpan.getIntValue() - 1;//execel的行以0开头
                        int cspan = colSpan.getIntValue() -1;

                        //设置字体
                        HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
                        font.setFontName("仿宋_GB2312");
                        font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);//字体加粗
//                        font.setFontHeight((short)12);
                        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
                        cellStyle.setFont(font);
                        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
                        //合并单元格居中
                        sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(rspan, rspan, 0, cspan));
                    }
                }
                rownum ++;
            }
            //设置表头
            Element thead = root.getChild("thead");
            trs = thead.getChildren("tr");
            for (int i = 0; i < trs.size(); i++) {
                Element tr = trs.get(i);
                HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rownum);
                List<Element> ths = tr.getChildren("th");
                for(column = 0;column < ths.size();column++){
                    Element th = ths.get(column);
                    Attribute valueAttr = th.getAttribute("value");
                    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(column);
                    if(valueAttr != null){
                        String value =valueAttr.getValue();
                        cell.setCellValue(value);
                    }
                }
                rownum++;
            }

            //设置数据区域样式
            Element tbody = root.getChild("tbody");
            Element tr = tbody.getChild("tr");
            int repeat = tr.getAttribute("repeat").getIntValue();

            List<Element> tds = tr.getChildren("td");
            for (int i = 0; i < repeat; i++) {
                HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rownum);
                for(column =0 ;column < tds.size();column++){
                    Element td = tds.get(column);
                    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(column);
                    setType(wb,cell,td);
                }
                rownum++;
            }

            //生成Excel导入模板
            File tempFile = new File("e:/" + templateName + ".xls");
            tempFile.delete();
            tempFile.createNewFile();
            FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(tempFile);
            wb.write(stream);
            stream.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 设置单元格数据类型
     * @author David
     * @param wb
     * @param cell
     * @param td
     */
    private static void setType(HSSFWorkbook wb, HSSFCell cell, Element td) {
        Attribute typeAttr = td.getAttribute("type");
        String type = typeAttr.getValue();
        //HSSFDataformat
        HSSFDataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        if("NUMERIC".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
            Attribute formatAttr = td.getAttribute("format");
            String formatValue = formatAttr.getValue();
            formatValue = StringUtils.isNotBlank(formatValue)? formatValue : "#,##0.00";
            cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat(formatValue));
        }else if("STRING".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            cell.setCellValue("");
            cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
            cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("@"));
        }else if("DATE".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
            cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-m-d"));
        }else if("ENUM".equalsIgnoreCase(type)){
            CellRangeAddressList regions =
                    new CellRangeAddressList(cell.getRowIndex(), cell.getRowIndex(),
                            cell.getColumnIndex(), cell.getColumnIndex());
            Attribute enumAttr = td.getAttribute("format");
            String enumValue = enumAttr.getValue();
            //加载下拉列表内容
            DVConstraint constraint =
                    DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(enumValue.split(","));
            //数据有效性对象
            HSSFDataValidation dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
            wb.getSheetAt(0).addValidationData(dataValidation);
        }
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
    }

    /**
     * 设置列宽
     * @author David
     * @param sheet
     * @param colgroup
     */
    private static void setColumnWidth(HSSFSheet sheet, Element colgroup) {
        List<Element> cols = colgroup.getChildren("col");
        for (int i = 0; i < cols.size(); i++) {
            Element col = cols.get(i);
            Attribute width = col.getAttribute("width");
            String unit = width.getValue().replaceAll("[0-9,\\.]", "");//截取单位
            String value = width.getValue().replaceAll(unit, "");//擦除单位
            int v=0;
            //单位转化
            if(StringUtils.isBlank(unit) || "px".endsWith(unit)){//如果单位为空或等于px
                v = Math.round(Float.parseFloat(value) * 37F);
            }else if ("em".endsWith(unit)){//如果单位为em
                v = Math.round(Float.parseFloat(value) * 267.5F);
            }
            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, v);//设置第i列宽度为v
        }
    }


    /**
     * 方法名称：SetDataValidation
     * 内容摘要：设置数据有效性
     * @param  sheet excel sheet內容
     * @param textList 下拉列表
     * @param firstRow 單元格範圍
     * @param firstCol
     * @param endRow
     * @param endCol
     */
    private static HSSFDataValidation setDataValidation(HSSFSheet sheet,String[] textList,short firstRow,short firstCol, short endRow, short endCol) {
        //加载下拉列表内容
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(textList);
        //设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
        //四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,endRow, firstCol, endCol);
        //数据有效性对象
        HSSFDataValidation data_validation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
        sheet.addValidationData(data_validation);
        return data_validation;
    }
}

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