Java 实现 Ping 命令

Ping是Windows、Unix和Linux系统下的一个命令。Ping也属于一个通信协议，是TCP/IP协议的一部分。利用 ping 命令可以检查网络是否连通。

百度百科上关于 Ping 的介绍写的还不错，可以参考。

尝试用Java 写了个简易的实现，代码如下：

package com.coder4j.main;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * Java 实现的简易Ping 工具
 * 
 * @author Chinaxiang
 * @date 2015-08-11
 *
 */
public class JavaPing {

    private static int port = 80;

    /**
     * 内部Target 类，一个实例代表一个Socket 连接
     */
    private static class Target {
        private InetSocketAddress address;
        private SocketChannel channel;
        private Exception failure;
        private long connectStart;
        private long connectFinish = 0;
        private boolean shown = false;

        public Target(String host) {
            try {
                address = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port);
            } catch (IOException x) {
                failure = x;
            }
        }

        public void show() {
            String result;
            if (connectFinish != 0) {
                result = Long.toString(connectFinish - connectStart) + "ms";
            } else if (failure != null) {
                result = failure.toString();
            } else {
                result = "Timed out";
            }
            System.out.println(address + " : " + result);
            shown = true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 内部Printer 类，继承自Thread ,实现对Target实例show方法的调用
     */
    private static class Printer extends Thread {
        private LinkedList<Target> pending = new LinkedList<Target>();

        public Printer() {
            setName("Printer");
            setDaemon(true);
        }

        public void add(Target t) {
            synchronized (pending) {
                pending.add(t);
                pending.notify();
            }
        }

        public void run() {
            try {
                for (;;) {
                    Target t = null;
                    synchronized (pending) {
                        while (pending.size() == 0) {
                            pending.wait();
                        }
                        t = pending.removeFirst();
                    }
                    t.show();
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException x) {
                return;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 内部Connector 类，继承自Thread ,实现对Target 列表的Ping 测试
     */
    private static class Connector extends Thread {
        private Selector sel;
        private Printer printer;
        private LinkedList<Target> pending = new LinkedList<Target>();

        public Connector(Printer pr) throws IOException {
            printer = pr;
            sel = Selector.open();
            setName("Connector");
        }

        public void add(Target t) {
            SocketChannel sc = null;
            try {
                sc = SocketChannel.open();
                sc.configureBlocking(false);
                boolean connected = sc.connect(t.address);
                t.channel = sc;
                t.connectStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
                if (connected) {
                    t.connectFinish = t.connectStart;
                    sc.close();
                    printer.add(t);
                } else {
                    synchronized (pending) {
                        pending.add(t);
                    }
                    sel.wakeup();
                }
            } catch (IOException x) {
                if (sc != null) {
                    try {
                        sc.close();
                    } catch (IOException xx) {
                    }
                }
                t.failure = x;
                printer.add(t);
            }
        }

        private void processPendingTargets() throws IOException {
            synchronized (pending) {
                while (pending.size() > 0) {
                    Target t = pending.removeFirst();
                    try {
                        t.channel.register(sel, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT, t);
                    } catch (IOException x) {
                        t.channel.close();
                        t.failure = x;
                        printer.add(t);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private void processSelectedKeys() throws IOException {
            for (Iterator<SelectionKey> i = sel.selectedKeys().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
                SelectionKey sk = i.next();
                i.remove();
                Target t = (Target) sk.attachment();
                SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) sk.channel();
                try {
                    if (sc.finishConnect()) {
                        sk.cancel();
                        t.connectFinish = System.currentTimeMillis();
                        sc.close();
                        printer.add(t);
                    }
                } catch (IOException x) {
                    sc.close();
                    t.failure = x;
                    printer.add(t);
                }
            }
        }

        volatile boolean shutdown = false;

        public void shutdown() {
            shutdown = true;
            sel.wakeup();
        }

        public void run() {
            for (;;) {
                try {
                    int n = sel.select();
                    if (n > 0)
                        processSelectedKeys();
                    processPendingTargets();
                    if (shutdown) {
                        sel.close();
                        return;
                    }
                } catch (IOException x) {
                    x.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 提供对外的ping 方法，调用示例：<br>
     * <code>JavaPing.ping(new String[]{"www.baidu.com"});</code><br>
     * <code>JavaPing.ping(new String[]{"80", "www.baidu.com"});</code><br>
     * <code>JavaPing.ping(new String[]{"80", "www.baidu.com", "www.cctv.com"});</code>
     * 
     * @param args
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws InterruptedException
     */
    public static void ping(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        if (args.length < 1) {
            System.err.println("Usage: [port] host...");
            return;
        }
        int firstArg = 0;
        if (Pattern.matches("[0-9]+", args[0])) {
            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
            firstArg = 1;
        }
        Printer printer = new Printer();
        printer.start();
        Connector connector = new Connector(printer);
        connector.start();
        LinkedList<Target> targets = new LinkedList<Target>();
        for (int i = firstArg; i < args.length; i++) {
            Target t = new Target(args[i]);
            targets.add(t);
            connector.add(t);
        }
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        connector.shutdown();
        connector.join();
        for (Iterator<Target> i = targets.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            Target t = i.next();
            if (!t.shown) {
                t.show();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 非常简易的ping方法，仅仅为了判断是否可连通。
     * 
     * @param host
     * @param port
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean ping(String host, int port) {
        InetSocketAddress address = null;
        try {
            address = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port);
            return !address.isUnresolved();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        String[] arg = { "80", "www.baidu.com", "127.0.0.1", "www.cctv.com" };
        JavaPing.ping(arg);
        // /127.0.0.1:80 : 2ms
        // www.baidu.com/61.135.169.121:80 : 5ms
        // www.cctv.com/220.194.200.232:80 : 14ms
        boolean result = JavaPing.ping("www.baidu.com", 80);
        System.out.println(result);// true
    }

}

做这个是因为我们需要用程序下载一些资源，先提前简单判断一下是否可连通，有需要的随便拿去。