less使用特性-Mixins

1. Mixins

1.1 Selectors in Mixins

.my-hover-mixin() {
  &:hover {
    border: 1px solid red;
  }
}
button {
  .my-hover-mixin();
}

output:

button:hover {
  border: 1px solid red;
}

1.2 The !important keyword

.foo (@bg: #f5f5f5, @color: #900) {
  background: @bg;
  color: @color;
}
.unimportant {
  .foo();
}
.important {
  .foo() !important;
}

output:

.unimportant {
  background: #f5f5f5;
  color: #900;
}
.important {
  background: #f5f5f5 !important;
  color: #900 !important;
}

1.3 Parametric Mixins

.border-radius(@radius) {
  -webkit-border-radius: @radius;
     -moz-border-radius: @radius;
          border-radius: @radius;
}

#header {
  .border-radius(4px);
}
.button {
  .border-radius(6px);
}

.border-radius(@radius: 5px) {
  -webkit-border-radius: @radius;
     -moz-border-radius: @radius;
          border-radius: @radius;
}

#header {
  .border-radius;
}

1.4 命名参数

.mixin(@color: black; @margin: 10px; @padding: 20px) {
  color: @color;
  margin: @margin;
  padding: @padding;
}
.class1 {
  .mixin(@margin: 20px; @color: #33acfe);
}
.class2 {
  .mixin(#efca44; @padding: 40px);
}

output: 
.class1 {
  color: #33acfe;
  margin: 20px;
  padding: 20px;
}
.class2 {
  color: #efca44;
  margin: 10px;
  padding: 40px;
}

1.5 arguments 变量

.box-shadow(@x: 0; @y: 0; @blur: 1px; @color: #000) {
  -webkit-box-shadow: @arguments;
     -moz-box-shadow: @arguments;
          box-shadow: @arguments;
}
.big-block {
  .box-shadow(2px; 5px);
}

output:

.big-block {
  -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 5px 1px #000;
     -moz-box-shadow: 2px 5px 1px #000;
          box-shadow: 2px 5px 1px #000;
}

1.6 函数

.average(@x, @y) {
  @average: ((@x + @y) / 2);
}

div {
  .average(16px, 50px); // "call" the mixin
  padding: @average;    // use its "return" value
}

output:

div {
  padding: 33px;
}

循环

.generate-columns(4);

.generate-columns(@n, @i: 1) when (@i =< @n) {
  .column-@{i} {
    width: (@i * 100% / @n);
  }
  .generate-columns(@n, (@i + 1));
}

output:

.column-1 {
  width: 25%;
}
.column-2 {
  width: 50%;
}
.column-3 {
  width: 75%;
}
.column-4 {
  width: 100%;
}

合并

逗号

.mixin() {
  box-shadow+: inset 0 0 10px #555;
}
.myclass {
  .mixin();
  box-shadow+: 0 0 20px black;
}

output:

.myclass {
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #555, 0 0 20px black;
}

括号

.mixin() {
  transform+_: scale(2);
}
.myclass {
  .mixin();
  transform+_: rotate(15deg);
}

output:

.myclass {
  transform: scale(2) rotate(15deg);
}