RedHat下安装yum以及openLDAP

一、安装配置yum

1、如redhat带有原yum源，且不能使用，删除原有yum

rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

2、 下载并安装yum文件（从网易源下载相关文件http://mirrors.163.com/centos...）

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

3、进行yum安装

rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm

（yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm需同时安装）

4、配置yum源（163）

cd /etc/yum.repo.d/
touch rhel-debuginfo.repo
vim rhel-debuginfo.repo

内容如下：

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
#[addons]
#name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
#baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0

刷新yum源的缓存

yum makecache    

二、openLDAP安装软件准备

1、下载OpenLDAP 2.4.44：ftp://ftp.openldap.org/pub/OpenLDAP/openldap-release/openldap-2.4.44.tgz
2、下载BDB(OpenLDAP当前与6.x版本不兼容，READEME中明确写出兼容4.4~4.8或5.0~5.1)：
http://download.oracle.com/be...
3、ldapadmin 2015.2：
官网下载地址：http://www.ldapbrowser.com/do...

三、安装openLDAP

1、安装依赖包

yum install *ltdl* -y
# 涉及libtool-ltdl与libtool-ltdl-devel等依赖包
# 如未安装依赖包，在编译时可能会报错

2、安装BDB

tar -zxvf db-5.1.29.tar.gz
cd db-5.1.29/build_unix/
../dist/configure --prefix=/usr/local/berkeleydb-5.1.29
make
make install
#在build_unix目录中编译安装，否则会报错

3、更新lib库

echo "/usr/local/berkeleydb-5.1.29/lib/" > /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig -v
#使得在编译openldap时能够找到lib和include下的库

4、安装openLDAP

tar -zxvf openldap-2.4.44.tgz
cd openldap-2.4.44
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/openldap-2.4.44 --enable-syslog --enable-modules --enable-debug --with-tls CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/berkeleydb-5.1.29/include/ LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/berkeleydb-5.1.29/lib/
make depend
make
make test
make install
#其中make test一步时间较长
#如果未设置CPPFLAGS，configure过程可能会提示configure: error: BDB/HDB: BerkeleyDB not available 或 configure: error: BerkeleyDB version incompatible with BDB/HDB backends

5、设置可执行命令

cd /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/
ln -s /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

至此，基本完成了openldap的程序安装，接下来进行部分相关配置

四、相关配置

1、关闭selinux

修改 /etc/selinux/config 文件中的 SELINUX="" 为 disabled 
重启机器

2、打开防火墙tcp 389/636端口（tcp 378是openldap明文传输端口，636是ssl加密传输端口）

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
#插入以下两项
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 389 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 636 -j ACCEPT
#注意：打开389、636端口的脚本应放在以下两条命令之前
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

service iptables restart

3、openLDAP目录架构

bin/      --客户端工具如ldapadd、ldapsearch
etc/      --包含主配置文件slapd.conf、schema、DB_CONFIG等
include/
lib/
libexec/   --服务端启动工具slapd
sbin/     --服务端工具如slappasswd
share/
var/      --bdb数据、log存放目录

4、配置rootdn密码

slappasswd
New password:
Re-enter new password:
{SSHA}H+feIhZMXUCdSybpkWsUSGFSaJrytIMX

5、修改主配置文件slapd.conf

cd /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/
vim slapd.conf

#添加schema，默认只有core.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/collective.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/corba.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/duaconf.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/dyngroup.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/java.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/misc.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/openldap.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/pmi.schema
include /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/ppolicy.schema

#modify
pidfile /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/var/run/slapd.pid
argsfile /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/var/run/slapd.args

#新增日志级别和路径
loglevel 256
logfile /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/var/slapd.log

#修改数据库选项，原为mdb，修改为bdb
database bdb
#maxsize 1073741824(mdb作后端数据库时需设置的一个空间值)

#修改域名及管理员账户名
suffix "dc=domin,dc=com"
rootdn "cn=admin,dc=domin,dc=com"
#密文密码
rootpw {SSHA}H+feIhZMXUCdSybpkWsUSGFSaJrytIMX
#openLDAP数据目录
directory /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/var/openldap-data
index objectClass eq

6、初始化openLDAP，启动

cd /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/var/openldap-data/
cp DB_CONFIG.example DB_CONFIG
#DB_CONFIG是 bdb/hdb数据库使用的，如果是mdb则可忽略

#启动openldap
cd /usr/local/openldap-2.4.44/libexec/
./slapd

7、验证

ldapsearch -x -b '' -s base'(objectclass=*)'

如图示，说明openLDAP已经启动运行成功

五、openLDAP的使用（示例）

1、创建1个管理员账号

#编辑
vim test.ldif

#首行空行
dn: dc=domin,dc=com
objectclass: dcObject
objectclass: organization
o: domin.Inc
dc: domin
#空行
dn: cn=admin,dc=domin,dc=com
objectclass: organizationalRole
cn: admin   
#不允许有空行
#注意与slapd.conf文件中保持一致 

#插入数据库
ldapadd -x -D "cn=admin,dc=domin,dc=com" -W -f test.ldif
#ldapadd为插入语句，如无提示报错，即为插入成功

#验证（插入成功则可显示所插入内容）
ldapsearch -x -b 'dc=domin,dc=com' '(objectClass=*)'

2、创建具有部门属性的员工

......
......

与创建管理员账号类似，此处不再赘述

参考文档：

http://blog.chinaunix.net/xml...