MySQL修改默认编码

首先进入MySQL查看当前默认编码：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                         |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                        |
| character_set_connection | latin1                                        |
| character_set_database   | latin1                                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                        |
| character_set_results    | latin1                                        |
| character_set_server     | latin1                                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                          |
| character_sets_dir       | /rdsdbbin/oscar-5.6.10a.16.21/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)

能够看到大部分都是latin1，现在想把默认编码改成uft8

可以直接执行set命令：

SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;
SET character_set_database = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_server = utf8;

然后 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%'; 可以看到全变为utf8
但是，这只是一种假象。此种方式只在当前状态下有效，当重启数据库服务后失效。

所以想要不出现乱码只有修改MySQL配置文件my.cnf(windows下my.ini)。
找到配置文件（Linux下一般是/etc/my.cnf）
打开文件，标签下没有的要添加，有的就修改：

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
default-character-set=utf8

重新连接数据库，再做查询：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                         |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                          |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                          |
| character_set_database   | latin1                                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                        |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                          |
| character_set_server     | latin1                                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                          |
| character_sets_dir       | /rdsdbbin/oscar-5.6.10a.16.21/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+