gradle项目打包jar

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kevin
    阅读 9 分钟
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    gradle 打包可执行jar

    参考:

    1. http://www.coderli.com/packag...

    2. http://www.cnblogs.com/yjmyzz...

    3. spring官方文档

    方法一：不借助manifest文件

    java -classpath jar1:jar2:jar3... mainClassName

    解解一下：

    红色的是固定部分，中间蓝色的是jar包的路径（多个jar之间用:号连接），最后绿色的部分是main方法所在的类名，按这个思路

    把这二个jar包扔同一个目录下，输入如下命令：

    java -classpath my-jar.jar:my-lib.jar yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp

    程序就能跑起来了

    方法二：借助manifest文件

    想办法在my-jar.jar中添加MANIFEST.MF文件，内容参考下面这样：

    Main-Class: yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp
    Class-Path: my-lib.jar
    同样，将这两个jar包放在一起，然后

    java -jar my-jar.jar 就能运行了，至于如何在打包里，自动添加MANIFEST.MF文件，gradle下可以这么做：

    jar {
    manifest {
        attributes 'Main-Class': 'yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp'
        attributes 'Class-Path': 'my-lib.jar'
    }
}

    maven项目参考http://www.cnblogs.com/yjmyzz...

    方法三：借助spring-boot 插件

    前面两种方法，主程序的jar包，与依赖的jar包是分开的，这在云环境中，上传部署比较麻烦，得传多个文件（或者上传前，先压缩成一个包，再传到服务器上解压），服务器节点多时，操作起来太累。又到我大Spring出场了，将my-jar项目中的build.gradle改成下面这样：

    apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'

buildscript {
    repositories {
        maven {
            url 'http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/'
        }
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:1.3.0.RELEASE")
    }
}

repositories {
    maven {
        url 'http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/'
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile project(':my-lib') // 依赖自身的jar
}

    然后命令行输入 gradle bootRepackage 将在build/libs下生成二个文件my-jar.jar以及my-jar.jar.original（先不用管这个original文件是啥）

    直接java -jar my-jar.jar 就能运行了（注意：这种方式下，并不需要my-lib.jar这类依赖的jar文件），其原理在于spring-boot插件把所有依赖的jar包，全都打到一个jar包里了。

    基本上，到这里这篇文章就可以完结了，如果有同学对spring-boot这种打包方式比较好奇，想深入研究，可以继续向下看，把my-jar.jar.original改名为my-jar-origin.jar，然后输入jar tf my-jar-origin.jar 即显示这个jar包的内容，会得到以下输出：

    META-INF/
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
yjmyzz/
yjmyzz/runnable/
yjmyzz/runnable/jar/
yjmyzz/runnable/jar/DemoApp.class

    即.original文件，其实就是一个普通的jar包，其中的MANIFEST.MF并没有什么实质性内容，只是一个空壳，这样的jar包，跟方法1得到的jar包是一样的。

    再输入jar tf my-jar.jar，会得到以下输出：

    jar tf wxredpack-0.1.jar 
META-INF/
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
com/
com/mm/
com/mm/springboot/
com/mm/springboot/api/
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/BaseException.class
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidMchBillNoException.class
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidMoneyException.class
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidOpenidException.class
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidRpNumException.class
com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidWishingException.class
com/mm/springboot/api/RedPackApi.class
com/mm/springboot/Application.class
com/mm/springboot/common/
com/mm/springboot/common/RedPackConfig.class
com/mm/springboot/common/RedPackErrorStatus.class
com/mm/springboot/controller/
com/mm/springboot/controller/FreemarkerController.class
com/mm/springboot/controller/UserController.class
com/mm/springboot/controller/WxRedPackController.class
com/mm/springboot/entity/
com/mm/springboot/entity/BaseEntity.class
com/mm/springboot/entity/NormalRedPack.class
com/mm/springboot/entity/User.class
com/mm/springboot/handler/
com/mm/springboot/handler/GlobalExceptionHandler.class
com/mm/springboot/listener/
com/mm/springboot/listener/ApplicationStartedEventListener.class
com/mm/springboot/repository/
com/mm/springboot/repository/UserRepository.class
com/mm/springboot/service/
com/mm/springboot/service/RedPackService.class
com/mm/springboot/service/UserService.class
com/mm/springboot/utils/
com/mm/springboot/utils/ReadPackUtils.class
com/mm/springboot/utils/WebUtils.class
application-dev.properties
application-test.properties
application.properties
import.sql
static/
static/js/
static/js/a.js
templates/
templates/hello.ftl
lib/
lib/spring-boot-starter-web-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-freemarker-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/jfinal-weixin-1.7.jar
lib/jfinal-2.2.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-validation-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/jackson-databind-2.6.3.jar
lib/spring-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-webmvc-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-aop-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-jdbc-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar
lib/javax.transaction-api-1.2.jar
lib/spring-data-jpa-1.9.1.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-aspects-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/freemarker-2.3.23.jar
lib/spring-context-support-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/cglib-nodep-3.1.jar
lib/spring-boot-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-boot-starter-logging-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-core-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/snakeyaml-1.16.jar
lib/tomcat-embed-core-8.0.28.jar
lib/tomcat-embed-el-8.0.28.jar
lib/tomcat-embed-logging-juli-8.0.28.jar
lib/tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.28.jar
lib/hibernate-validator-5.2.2.Final.jar
lib/jackson-annotations-2.6.3.jar
lib/jackson-core-2.6.3.jar
lib/spring-aop-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-beans-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-context-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-expression-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/aspectjweaver-1.8.7.jar
lib/tomcat-jdbc-8.0.28.jar
lib/spring-jdbc-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar
lib/jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
lib/hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar
lib/dom4j-1.6.1.jar
lib/hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar
lib/hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
lib/javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
lib/spring-data-commons-1.11.1.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-orm-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/spring-tx-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar
lib/slf4j-api-1.7.13.jar
lib/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.13.jar
lib/logback-classic-1.1.3.jar
lib/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.13.jar
lib/log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.13.jar
lib/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar
lib/classmate-1.1.0.jar
lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar
lib/tomcat-juli-8.0.28.jar
lib/antlr-2.7.7.jar
lib/jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
lib/xml-apis-1.0.b2.jar
lib/logback-core-1.1.3.jar
lib/h2-1.4.190.jar
org/
org/springframework/
org/springframework/boot/
org/springframework/boot/loader/
org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$Java7LockProvider.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher$ArchiveEntryFilter.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher$PrefixMatchingArchiveFilter.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/ExecutableArchiveLauncher$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$ResourceEnumeration.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/ByteArrayRandomAccessData.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessDataFile$DataInputStream.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessData.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessDataFile$FilePool.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessDataFile.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessData$ResourceAccess.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/util/
org/springframework/boot/loader/util/SystemPropertyUtils.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/util/AsciiBytes.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/InputArgumentsJavaAgentDetector.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/Launcher.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/JarLauncher.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarEntryFilter.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarURLConnection.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarEntry.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/Bytes.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/CentralDirectoryEndRecord.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarFile$2.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/ZipInflaterInputStream.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarFile.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarFile$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarURLConnection$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/Handler.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarURLConnection$JarEntryName.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarEntryData.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/MainMethodRunner.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/InputArgumentsJavaAgentDetector$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/WarLauncher.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/ExecutableArchiveLauncher.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$LockProvider.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/JarFileArchive$JarFileEntry.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/JarFileArchive.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/FilteredArchive.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/JarFileArchive$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/FilteredArchive$2.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive$Entry.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive$EntryFilter.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/FilteredArchive$1.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$FileEntry.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive$EntryRenameFilter.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$FilteredURLStreamHandler.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$FileNotFoundURLConnection.class
org/springframework/boot/loader/JavaAgentDetector.class

    很明显，多出了很多内容，注意lib/，可以发现依赖的jar包，已经打包到my-jar.jar内部了，这时的MANIFEST.MF内容为：

    1 Manifest-Version: 1.0
2 Start-Class: yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp
3 Spring-Boot-Version: 1.3.0.RELEASE
4 Main-Class: org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher

    Main-Class被设置成org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher，此外还增加了Start-Class指向我们真正的程序入口yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp，换句话说，程序运行时，先调用org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher，然后找到Start-Class对应的类，最终运行，运行过程中，会查找内部lib下的依赖jar包my-lib.jar，当然这一切是需要有额外的代码来处理的，所以多出来的org/springframework/boot下的一堆class，就是spring用来干这件事儿的。

    第三种方式，很适合云环境的部署，只需要扔一个jar包上去就完事了，这种all-in-one的jar包，也被换为fat-jar

    gradle
    kevin
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