本文详细讲述如何搭建一个Spring+SpringMVC+Maven+Mybatis+MySQL项目环境。
eclipse、maven 及 mysql的安装和配置在此不赘述，可参考这里。
本文demo源码可参考这里。
本文demo所用 Eclipse Java EE IDE 版本信息：
Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers.
Version: Neon.3 Release (4.6.3)
Build id: 20170314-1500
(c) Copyright Eclipse contributors and others 2000, 2017. All rights reserved. Eclipse and the Eclipse logo are trademarks of the Eclipse Foundation, Inc., https://www.eclipse.org/. The Eclipse logo cannot be altered without Eclipse's permission. Eclipse logos are provided for use under the Eclipse logo and trademark guidelines, https://www.eclipse.org/logotm/. Oracle and Java are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
This product includes software developed by other open source projects including the Apache Software Foundation, https://www.apache.org/.Maven 配置settings.xml（参考这里,这是一个非常好的 maven 配置，资源更新速度特别快...）:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->
<!--
| This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two levels:
|
| 1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for a single user,
| and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml.
|
| NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
|
| -s /path/to/user/settings.xml
|
| 2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all Maven
| users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven
| installation). It's normally provided in
| ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml.
|
| NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
|
| -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml
|
| The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start at
| getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, the default
| values (values used when the setting is not specified) are provided.
|
|-->
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<!-- localRepository
| The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
|
| Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository
<localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository>
-->
<localRepository>E:\Repositories\Maven</localRepository>
<!-- interactiveMode
| This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false,
| maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for
| the parameter in question.
|
| Default: true
<interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
-->
<!-- offline
| Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build.
| This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others.
|
| Default: false
<offline>false</offline>
-->
<!-- pluginGroups
| This is a list of additional group identifiers that will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e.
| when invoking a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group identifiers
| "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these are not already contained in the list.
|-->
<pluginGroups>
<!-- pluginGroup
| Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup.
<pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup>
-->
<pluginGroup>org.mortbay.jetty</pluginGroup>
</pluginGroups>
<!-- proxies
| This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network.
| Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy
| specification in this list marked as active will be used.
|-->
<proxies>
<!-- proxy
| Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.
|
<proxy>
<id>optional</id>
<active>true</active>
<protocol>http</protocol>
<username>proxyuser</username>
<password>proxypass</password>
<host>proxy.host.net</host>
<port>80</port>
<nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>
</proxy>
-->
</proxies>
<!-- servers
| This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id used within the system.
| Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven must make a connection to a remote server.
|-->
<servers>
<!-- server
| Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by
| a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below).
|
| NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are
| used together.
|
<server>
<id>deploymentRepo</id>
<username>repouser</username>
<password>repopwd</password>
</server>
-->
<!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate.
<server>
<id>siteServer</id>
<privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey>
<passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase>
</server>
-->
<server>
<id>releases</id>
<username>ali</username>
<password>ali</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>Snapshots</id>
<username>ali</username>
<password>ali</password>
</server>
</servers>
<!-- mirrors
| This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts from remote repositories.
|
| It works like this: a POM may declare a repository to use in resolving certain artifacts.
| However, this repository may have problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored
| it to several places.
|
| That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create a mirror reference for that
| repository, to be used as an alternate download site. The mirror site will be the preferred
| server for that repository.
|-->
<mirrors>
<!-- mirror
| Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given repository. The repository that
| this mirror serves has an ID that matches the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used
| for inheritance and direct lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors.
|
<mirror>
<id>mirrorId</id>
<mirrorOf>repositoryId</mirrorOf>
<name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>
<url>http://my.repository.com/repo/path</url>
</mirror>
-->
<mirror>
<!--This sends everything else to /public -->
<id>nexus</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<!--This is used to direct the public snapshots repo in the
profile below over to a different nexus group -->
<id>nexus-public-snapshots</id>
<mirrorOf>public-snapshots</mirrorOf>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
<!-- profiles
| This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety of ways, and which can modify
| the build process. Profiles provided in the settings.xml are intended to provide local machine-
| specific paths and repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment.
|
| For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus - that needs to know where
| your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide a variable here such that the variable is
| dereferenced during the build process to configure the cactus plugin.
|
| As noted above, profiles can be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles
| section of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially
| relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular value for the property,
| or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also be activated by JDK version prefix, where a
| value of '1.4' might activate a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'.
| Finally, the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line.
|
| NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to specifying only artifact
| repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form properties to be used as configuration
| variables for plugins in the POM.
|
|-->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>development</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<url>http://central</url>
<releases><enabled>true</enabled><updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy></releases>
<snapshots><enabled>true</enabled><updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy></snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<url>http://central</url>
<releases><enabled>true</enabled><updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy></releases>
<snapshots><enabled>true</enabled><updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy></snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
<profile>
<!--this profile will allow snapshots to be searched when activated-->
<id>public-snapshots</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>public-snapshots</id>
<url>http://public-snapshots</url>
<releases><enabled>false</enabled></releases>
<snapshots><enabled>true</enabled><updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy></snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>public-snapshots</id>
<url>http://public-snapshots</url>
<releases><enabled>false</enabled></releases>
<snapshots><enabled>true</enabled><updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy></snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>development</activeProfile>
<activeProfile>public-snapshots</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>开始搭建项目：
1.mysql 数据库及表准备：
CREATE TABLE `T_USER` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_type` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '0、系统管理，1、业务管理员，2、普通操作员',
`mobile` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '管理员手机号',
`is_biz_operator` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '是否业务操作员 0: 不是 1:是的',
`is_sys_operator` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '是否系统操作员 0: 不是 1:是的',
`login_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '员工后台管理账号',
`real_name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
`password` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '员工后台管理密码',
`status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '是否有效 0:无效 1:有效',
`creator` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',
`updator` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',
`create_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',
`update_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新日期',
`deleted` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:没删除 1:删除',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `unique_login_name` (`login_name`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=50 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2.maven 工程创建
工程新建完成后，工程的目录结构如下：
3.编辑 pom.xml 文件，添加工程的包依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.hy</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm001</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<!-- junit版本号 -->
<junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加Spring依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!--spring单元测试依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.29</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>4.配置文件初始化。
分别初始化mybatis配置文件、数据库配置文件、Spring配置文件。
mybatis配置文件 mybatis-config.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>数据库配置文件 jdbc.properties：
jdbc_driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.8.*:3306/db_user
jdbc_username=*
jdbc_password=*spring配置文件 application.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 引入jdbc配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:properties/*.properties</value>
<!--要是有多个配置文件，只需在这里继续添加即可 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<!-- 不使用properties来配置 -->
<!-- <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/learning" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="christmas258@" /> -->
<!-- 使用properties来配置 -->
<property name="driverClassName">
<value>${jdbc_driverClassName}</value>
</property>
<property name="url">
<value>${jdbc_url}</value>
</property>
<property name="username">
<value>${jdbc_username}</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>${jdbc_password}</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 自动扫描了所有的XxxxMapper.xml对应的mapper接口文件，这样就不用一个一个手动配置Mpper的映射了，只要Mapper接口类和Mapper映射文件对应起来就可以了。 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage"
value="com.hy.dao" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置Mybatis的文件 ，mapperLocations配置**Mapper.xml文件位置，configLocation配置mybatis-config文件位置-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
<!-- <property name="mapperLocations" value="com.hy.mapper"/> -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml" />
<!-- <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.tiantian.ckeditor.model"
/> -->
</bean>
<!-- 自动扫描注解的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hy.service" />
</beans>
5.mybatis 反向生成代码
MyBatis属于一种半自动的ORM框架，由于手写Mapping映射文件很容易出错，所以可利用 MyBatis生成器 自动生成实体类、DAO接口和Mapping映射文件。有两种方式：
第一种方式：安装 eclipse mybatis generator 插件，使用该插件实现代码生成。
可参考这里。
第二种方式：直接用 mybatis-generator.jar 包的命令方式。
相关的jar包及命令可查看本demo源码：
在本文的 demo 中使用了第二种方式。mybatis generator 配置文件generatorConfig.xm内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
<generatorConfiguration>
<!-- 数据库驱动-->
<classPathEntry location="mysql-connector-java-5.1.29.jar"/>
<context id="DB2Tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
<commentGenerator>
<property name="suppressDate" value="true"/>
<!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true：是 ： false:否 -->
<property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>
</commentGenerator>
<!--数据库链接URL，用户名、密码 -->
<jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://192.168.8.*:3306/db_user" userId="*" password="***">
</jdbcConnection>
<javaTypeResolver>
<property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>
</javaTypeResolver>
<!-- 生成模型的包名和位置-->
<javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.hy.domain" targetProject="../../java">
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
<property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>
</javaModelGenerator>
<!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置-->
<sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper" targetProject="../../resources">
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
</sqlMapGenerator>
<!-- 生成DAO的包名和位置-->
<javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.hy.dao" targetProject="../../java">
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
</javaClientGenerator>
<!-- 要生成的表 tableName是数据库中的表名或视图名 domainObjectName是实体类名-->
<table tableName="T_USER" domainObjectName="User" enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false" enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false"></table>
</context>
</generatorConfiguration> cd：G:\javaSpace\ssm001\src\main\resources\mybatis-generator
java -jar mybatis-generator-core-1.3.2.jar -configfile generatorConfig.xml -overwrite执行以上命令后，工程目录中生成了与 mybatis 相关的代码，主要有实体类、DAO接口和Mapping映射文件。
6.接口声明并实现接口
声明一个UserService接口：
package com.hy.service;
import com.hy.domain.User;
public interface UserService {
User getUserById(Long id);
}
新建一个类 UserServiceImpl，并实现 UserService 接口 ：
package com.hy.service.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.hy.dao.UserMapper;
import com.hy.domain.User;
import com.hy.service.UserService;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
public User getUserById(Long id) {
return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
}
}
7.单元测试
单元测试是为了验证第6步中 UserService 接口的 getUserById 方法。
com.hy.baseTest 中新增类 SpringTestCase.java,使用 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner 实现单元测试：
package com.hy.baseTest;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
//指定bean注入的配置文件
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:application.xml" })
//使用标准的JUnit @RunWith注释来告诉JUnit使用Spring TestRunner
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class SpringTestCase extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {
}
在 com.hy.test 中新增 UserServiceTest 类文件：
package com.hy.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.hy.baseTest.SpringTestCase;
import com.hy.domain.User;
import com.hy.service.UserService;
public class UserServiceTest extends SpringTestCase {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void selectUserByIdTest(){
User user = userService.getUserById((long) 1);
System.out.println("userLoginName:" + user.getLoginName());
}
}
运行单元测试：UserServiceTest 右键 Run As –>Junit Test, 运行结果：
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
userLoginName:admin到此，我们已经搭建了一个基于 Spring+Maven+Mybatis+Mysql 的项目环境。文中使用了很多Spring相关的技术，如自动注入注解@Service、@Autowired，以及Spring配置文件，这些知识可参考：
http://www.cnblogs.com/szlbm/...
mysql
java
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