PHP中的HTTP协议

一、HTTP协议

• 无状态：每次请求完成就结束连接，下一次请求与上次请求没有关系。

• 报文：HTTP交互的信息。

• telnet模拟请求：

  // GET方式，最后回车换行
  Aston$ telnet 127.0.0.1 80
  GET /Tools/Test/http.php HTTP/1.1
  Host:localhost
  
  // POST方式，最后回车换行,输入参数
  Aston$ telnet 127.0.0.1 80
  POST /Tools/Test/http.php HTTP/1.1
  Host:localhost
  Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  Content-length:20
  
  name=chenjian&age=28

• fiddler用法：

• 利用file_get_content来发送数据：

  $data = array(
      'name'     => 'chenjian',
      'age'     => 28
  );
  
  $postData = http_build_query($data);
  
  $opts = array(
      'http' => array(
          'host'         => "localhost\r\n", 
          'method'     => "POST", 
          'header'     => "Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n" . "Content-length:".strlen($postData)."\r\n",
          'content'    => $postData
      );
  );
  $context = stream_context_create($opts);
  file_get_contents("http://localhost/http/index.php", false, $context);

• socket方式：

  $data = array(
      'name'     => 'chenjian',
      'age'     => 28
  );
  $postData = http_build_query($data);
  $fp = fsockopen("localhost", 80, $errno, $errorStr, 5);
  $request = "POST http://localhost/http/socket.php HTTP/1.1\r\n";
  $request .= "Host:locahost\r\n";
  $request .= "Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n";
  $request .= "Content-length:" . strlen($postData) . "\r\n";
  $request .= $postData;
  
  fwrite($fp, $request);
  while (!feof($fp)) {
      echo fgets($fp, 1024);
  }
  fclose($fp);

• curl拓展：

  $url = "http://localhost/http/curl.php";
  $data = array(
      'name'     => 'chenjian',
      'age'     => 28
  );
  // 1. 初始化curl会话
  $ch = curl_init();
  // 2. 设置
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);            //提交网址
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);              //提交方式
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);    //提交数据
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);    //提交成功后返回数据字符串
  // 3. 执行
  $out_put = curl_exec($ch);
  // 4. 关闭会话
  curl_close($ch);
  var_dump($out_put);