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Iterator、for..of,for...in和自定义遍历器

  • Iterator:

var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    var ite = arr[Symbol.iterator]();
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    //依次打印:Object {value: 1, done: false};
               Object {value: 2, done: false};
           Object {value: 3, done: false};
           Object {value: 4, done: false};
           Object {value: 5, done: false};
           Object {value: undefined, done: true}.
注释:1.Iterator就是一个指针;
     2.指针默认在-1的位置;
     3.没有遍历完的时候done的值是false,遍历完了就是true;
     4.意义:提高具有遍历接口数据的效率;
     5.特点:它用来访问具有遍历接口数据,有一个next方法(指针).
  • for..of,for...in:

普通数组遍历:

let arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    for(let item of arr){
        console.log(item);
    }
    //输出:1 2 3 4 5。

迭代器遍历:

let iterator = arr[Symbol.iterator]();
    let result = iterator.next();
    while(!result.done){
        console.log(result.value);
        result=iterator.next();
    }
    //输出 1 2 3 4 5。

数组 Set Map

var s = new Set([1,2,3]);
    console.log(s);//打印:Set(3) {1, 2, 3};
    var itera = s[Symbol.iterator]();
    console.log(itera.next());//打印:Object {value: 1, done: false};
        
    var m = new Map([["age",21],["sex","男"]]);
    m.set("name","宋泽");
    console.log(m);//打印:Map(3) {"age" => 21, "sex" => "男", "name" => "宋泽"};
    var i = m[Symbol.iterator]();
    console.log(i.next());//打印:Object {value: Array(2), done: false};
                
    let obj = {x:1,y:2,z:3};
    let arr = ['a','b','c'];
    for(let key in obj){
        console.log(key);//打印:x y z;
        console.log(obj[key]);//打印:x 1 y 1 z 1;
    }
    for(let key in arr){
        console.log(key);//打印:x y z;
        console.log(arr[key]);//打印:x 1 y 1 z 1;
    }
注释:1.遍历对象用forin,遍历数组,Map,Set,类数组用for of。
     2.for in可以遍历对象,也可以遍历数组.
  • 自定义遍历器:

var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    function Iterator(arr){
        let i = -1;  //遍历器默认指在-1的位置;
        function next(){  //返回一个方法;
            i++;  //当next的时候,i向后移;
            let value;  //声明一个空的变量;
            let done = flase; //done的默认值是没有遍历完成;
            if(i == arr.length){  //如果i等于数组的长度的时候,i就溢出了,所以value的值是undefined,done的值是true;
                value = undefined;
                done = true;
            }else{  //否则value的值就等于数组中的值;
                value=arr[i];
            }
            return {value:value,done:done}; //返回两个值,一个值是value,另一个值是done;
        }
        return {next:next};  //返回next方法;
    }
            
    var ite = arr[Symbol.iterator]();
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    console.log(ite.next());
    依次打印:Object {value: 1, done: false};
         Object {value: 2, done: false};
         Object {value: 3, done: false};
         Object {value: 4, done: false};
         Object {value: 5, done: false};
         Object {value: undefined, done: true}.

songze
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