1

注:本博客内容仅在Ubuntu上测试过,其他发行版不一定适用,望知晓。

FTP服务器- vsftpd

  1. 安装vsftpd服务器

    sudo apt-get install vsftpd
  2. 进入vsftpd.conf文件配置

     sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
  3. 具体设置

    • 设置anonymous_enable=NO,关闭匿名上传
    • 指定ftp上传目录 local_root=/home/joysoarkey/ftp
    • 允许本机登录 local_enable=YES
    • 修改允许登录的用户

          chroot_list_enable=YES
          chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
    • 允许上传文件到FTP服务器

          write_enable=YES
      
  4. 新建文件vsftpd.chroot_list

    sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

    在其中放入被允许登录的ubuntu用户名

  5. 更改权限【重要】

    将/home/joysoarkey/ftp文件夹拥有者的权限减去w

       sudo chmod u-w /home/joysoarkey/ftp
  6. 重启FTP服务器

    sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart

    ftp
    若重启成功,则终端会显示以下信息

        [ ok ] Restarting vsftpd (via systemctl): vsftpd.service.

    在其他机器连接服务器(ip地址视具体情况而定),若显示登录成功则说明FTP服务正常,可以使用。

     
     ```
     C:\Users\Soarkey>ftp 192.168.0.104
     连接到 192.168.0.104。
     220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
     200 Always in UTF8 mode.
     用户(192.168.0.104:(none)): joysoarkey
     331 Please specify the password.
     密码:
     230 Login successful.
     ftp>
     ```
     
     
  7. 上传下载

    上传:put 文件名

    下载:get 文件名

    有图形化界面的开源ftp软件:FileZilla

    ftp

SSH服务器 - openssh-server

  1. 检查是否已经安装
    在终端输入ssh localhost,若出现以下提示说明未安装

    joysoarkey@Ubuntu-PC:~$ ssh localhost
    ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

    以下提示说明已经安装

    joysoarkey@Ubuntu-PC:~$ ssh localhost
    joysoarkey@localhost's password: 
    Welcome to Ubuntu 16.10 (GNU/Linux 4.8.0-59-generic x86_64)
    
     * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
     * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
     * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage
0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.

Last login: Sun Jul 30 20:19:51 2017 from 192.168.0.101

```
  1. 安装ssh-server

    sudo apt-get install openssh-server
  2. 远程登录

    ssh 用户名@IP
    

安装JDK

  1. 下载JDK
    JDK官网下载地址
  2. 解压JDK
    设置存放路径为/opt(可自定义),进入到root账户,将下载好的JDK文件拷贝到/opt目录

            cp jdk-8u144-linux-i586.tar.gz /opt

    解压

        tar zxvf jdk-8u144-linux-i586.tar.gz 

    等待一段时间,JDK就解压完成了。JDK目录下有以下文件
    JDK目录

  3. 设置环境变量
    在/etc/profile中进行JDK环境变量的编辑。

        vi /etc/profile

    在文件的最后加入以下几行(对应的位置填你的JDK解压目录)【注意不要输错】

        export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_144
        export JRE_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_144/jre
        export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 
        export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar 

    配置完成之后,一定记得要用命令source /etc/profile刷新配置文件,让配置文件生效!!!

  4. 检验是否安装成功
    在终端输入java,出现以下界面说明已经安装配置成功了!恭喜!

    root@ubuntu:~$ java
    Usage: java [-options] class [args...]
               (to execute a class)
       or  java [-options] -jar jarfile [args...]
               (to execute a jar file)
    where options include:
        -d32      use a 32-bit data model if available
        -d64      use a 64-bit data model if available
        -client      to select the "client" VM
        -server      to select the "server" VM
        -minimal      to select the "minimal" VM
                      The default VM is client.
    
        -cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
        -classpath <class search path of directories and zip/jar files> A : separated list of directories, JAR archives, and ZIP archives to search for class files.
         -D<name>=<value>
                      set a system property
        -verbose:[class|gc|jni]
                      enable verbose output
        -version      print product version and exit
        -version:<value>
                      Warning: this feature is deprecated and will be removed
                      in a future release.
                      require the specified version to run
        -showversion  print product version and continue
        -jre-restrict-search | -no-jre-restrict-search
                      Warning: this feature is deprecated and will be removed
                      in a future release.
                      include/exclude user private JREs in the version search
        -? -help      print this help message
        -X            print help on non-standard options
        -ea[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
        -enableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
                      enable assertions with specified granularity
        -da[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
        -disableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
                      disable assertions with specified granularity
        -esa | -enablesystemassertions
                      enable system assertions
        -dsa | -disablesystemassertions
                      disable system assertions
        -agentlib:<libname>[=<options>]
                      load native agent library <libname>, e.g. -agentlib:hprof
                      see also, -agentlib:jdwp=help and -agentlib:hprof=help
        -agentpath:<pathname>[=<options>]
                      load native agent library by full pathname
        -javaagent:<jarpath>[=<options>]
                      load Java programming language agent, see java.lang.instrument
        -splash:<imagepath>
                      show splash screen with specified image
    See http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/index.html for more details.
    
  5. 编写一个java文件测试
    编辑Hello.java文件

    public class Hello{
          public static void main(String[] args){
                System.out.println("Hello World!");
          }
    }

    编译:javac Hello.java

    执行:java Hello

    顺利输出:Hello World!

    至此,JDK的配置已经完成!

Tomcat服务器

  1. 下载Tomcat
    Tomcat官网下载
  2. 解压Tomcat
    先将下载好的安装包拷贝到/opt中(目录可根据你自己喜好而定)

        cp apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22.tar.gz /opt 

    解压

        tar zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22.tar.gz
  3. 启动server服务
    进入到tomcat的bin目录下,启动服务

        ./startup.sh

    启动成功后会输出

        Using CATALINA_BASE:   /opt/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22
        Using CATALINA_HOME:   /opt/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22
        Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /opt/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22/temp
        Using JRE_HOME:        /opt/jdk1.8.0_144
        Using CLASSPATH:       /opt/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22/bin/bootstrap.jar:/opt/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
        Tomcat started.

    此时即可在浏览器中通过IP:8080访问tomcat了。

mysql

  1. 安装mysql

    sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

    在安装过程中会出现以下提示,这里输入数据库root用户的密码。安装mysql安装mysql

  2. 检查mysql是否安装成功

    sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql

    成功的话会显示如下信息成功信息

  3. 常用操作

    • 登录: mysql -uroot -p
    • 检查MySQL服务器占用端口: netstat -nlt|grep 3306
    • 检查MySQL服务器系统进程: ps -aux|grep mysql
    • 查看数据库的字符集编码: show variables like '%char%';
  4. 开启mysql远程访问
    如果你输入命令 netstat -nlt|grep 3306 ,显示的不是0.0.0.0:*,而是127.0.0.1:3306
    那么就需要开启mysql的远程访问功能。
    (1)打开mysql配置文件

    sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
    #找到将bind-address = 127.0.0.1注销​
    #bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

    (2)修改完重启mysql

    sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

    (3)检查mysql占用端口

    netstat -nlt|grep 3306
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN

    此时即为成功开启远程访问

    注:mysql版本不同的话,可能设置也不同。可以参考以下文章。

  5. 设置字符集为UTF-8
    首先查看数据库字符编码,输入 show variables like 'character\_set_%';

    mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    8 rows in set (0.03 sec)

    接下来将latin1编码的属性改为utf8,有两种方法,一种是通过mysql命令修改,一种是通过配置文件修改。

    • 通过mysql命令行

      mysql> set character_set_client=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
      mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
      mysql> set character_set_database=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
      mysql> set character_set_results=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
      mysql> set character_set_server=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
      mysql> set character_set_system=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
      mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
      mysql> set collation_database=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
      mysql> set collation_server=utf8;
      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    • 通过配置文件修改

        打开mysql配置文件:
          sudo vim/etc/mysql/my.cnf
        在[client]下追加:
           default-character-set=utf8在[mysqld]下追加:
           character-set-server=utf8
        在[mysql]下追加:
           default-character-set=utf8

      再次查看字符编码,确保已经修改成功,如下

      mysql> show variables like 'character%';
      +--------------------------+----------------------------+
      | Variable_name            | Value                      |
      +--------------------------+----------------------------+
      | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
      | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
      | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
      | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
      | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
      | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
      | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
      | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    1. rows in set (0.00 sec)

相关资料


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