Nginx 最全小白实战教程之一 （安装篇）

一、环境准备

1. 操作系统：Centos6.4 64位
2. Nginx版本：1.4.2

二、安装Nginx

1.下载

[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# cd nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz

2.解压

[root@localhost nginx]# tar xf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz

3.新建Nginx用户与组

[root@localhost nginx]# groupadd -g 108 -r nginx
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost nginx]# useradd -u 108 -r -g 108 nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# id nginx
uid=108(nginx) gid=108(nginx) 组=108(nginx)

4.编译配置文件

安装prce(重定向支持)和openssl(https支持，如果不需要https可以不安装。)

[root@localhost nginx]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel
[root@localhost nginx]# cd  nginx-1.4.2
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.2]# ./configure  \
--prefix=/usr  \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx  \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf  \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log  \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log  \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid  \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre

5.编译并安装

[root@localhost nginx-1.4.2]# make && make install

6.初始化脚本

[root@localhost nginx]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx

脚本一定要写成这样，否则会出错的

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx        Startup script for nginx
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# description: nginx is an HTTP and reverse proxy server
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop nginx
### END INIT INFO

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -L $0 ]; then
    initscript=`/bin/readlink -f $0`
else
    initscript=$0
fi

sysconfig=`/bin/basename $initscript`

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig ]; then
    . /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig
fi

nginx=${NGINX-/usr/sbin/nginx}
prog=`/bin/basename $nginx`
conffile=${CONFFILE-/etc/nginx/nginx.conf}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/nginx}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/nginx.pid}
SLEEPMSEC=${SLEEPMSEC-200000}
UPGRADEWAITLOOPS=${UPGRADEWAITLOOPS-5}
RETVAL=0

start() {
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

    daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} ${nginx} -c ${conffile}
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
    return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog}
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}

reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

upgrade() {
    oldbinpidfile=${pidfile}.oldbin

    configtest -q || return
    echo -n $"Starting new master $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -USR2
    echo

    for i in `/usr/bin/seq $UPGRADEWAITLOOPS`; do
        /bin/usleep $SLEEPMSEC
        if [ -f ${oldbinpidfile} -a -f ${pidfile} ]; then
            echo -n $"Graceful shutdown of old $prog: "
            killproc -p ${oldbinpidfile} ${prog} -QUIT
            RETVAL=$?
            echo
            return
        fi
    done

    echo $"Upgrade failed!"
    RETVAL=1
}

configtest() {
    if [ "$#" -ne 0 ] ; then
        case "$1" in
            -q)
                FLAG=$1
                ;;
            *)
                ;;
        esac
        shift
    fi
    ${nginx} -t -c ${conffile} $FLAG
    RETVAL=$?
    return $RETVAL
}

rh_status() {
    status -p ${pidfile} -b ${nginx} ${nginx}
}

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 && exit 0
        start
        ;;
    stop)
        stop
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        RETVAL=$?
        ;;
    restart)
        configtest -q || exit $RETVAL
        stop
        start
        ;;
    upgrade)
        rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0
        upgrade
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        if rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1; then
            stop
            start
        fi
        ;;
    force-reload|reload)
        reload
        ;;
    configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|upgrade|reload|status|help|configtest}"
        RETVAL=2
esac

exit $RETVAL

脚本处理：

[root@localhost init.d]# chmod +x nginx
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx start

然后访问：

三、yum安装nginx

推荐使用这种方法，上一种方法折腾了一晚上呢，之后的教程以此方法为主

1.增加Nginx仓储地址

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

在文件中写入

[nginx] 
name=nginx repo  
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=0  
enabled=1  

然后

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install nginx -y 
[root@localhost ~]# sudo service nginx start
[root@localhost ~]# sudo chkconfig nginx on