k8s与日志--采用golang实现Fluent Bit的output插件

采用golang实现Fluent Bit的output插件

前言

目前社区日志采集和处理的组件不少，之前elk方案中的logstash，cncf社区中的fluentd，efk方案中的filebeat,以及大数据用到比较多的flume。而Fluent Bit是一款用c语言编写的高性能的日志收集组件，整个架构源于fluentd。官方比较数据如下：

	Fluentd	Fluent Bit
Scope	Containers / Servers	Containers / Servers
Language	C & Ruby	C
Memory	~40MB	~450KB
Performance	High Performance	High Performance
Dependencies	Built as a Ruby Gem, it requires a certain number of gems.	Zero dependencies, unless some special plugin requires them.
Plugins	More than 650 plugins available	Around 35 plugins available
License	Apache License v2.0	Apache License v2.0

通过数据可以看出，fluent bit 占用资源更少。适合采用fluent bit + fluentd 的方案，实现日志中心化收集的方案。fluent bit主要负责采集，fluentd负责处理和传送。

扩展output插件

fluent bit 本身是C语言编写，扩展插件有一定的难度。可能官方考虑到这一点，实现了fluent-bit-go,可以实现采用go语言来编写插件，目前只支持output的编写。
fluent-bit-go其实就是利用cgo,封装了c接口。代码比较简单，主要分析其中一个关键文件

package output

/*
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "flb_plugin.h"
#include "flb_output.h"
*/
import "C"
import "fmt"
import "unsafe"

// Define constants matching Fluent Bit core
const FLB_ERROR               =  C.FLB_ERROR
const FLB_OK                  =  C.FLB_OK
const FLB_RETRY               =  C.FLB_RETRY

const FLB_PROXY_OUTPUT_PLUGIN =  C.FLB_PROXY_OUTPUT_PLUGIN
const FLB_PROXY_GOLANG        =  C.FLB_PROXY_GOLANG

// Local type to define a plugin definition
type FLBPlugin C.struct_flb_plugin_proxy
type FLBOutPlugin C.struct_flbgo_output_plugin

// When the FLBPluginInit is triggered by Fluent Bit, a plugin context
// is passed and the next step is to invoke this FLBPluginRegister() function
// to fill the required information: type, proxy type, flags name and
// description.
func FLBPluginRegister(ctx unsafe.Pointer, name string, desc string) int {
    p := (*FLBPlugin) (unsafe.Pointer(ctx))
    p._type = FLB_PROXY_OUTPUT_PLUGIN
    p.proxy = FLB_PROXY_GOLANG
    p.flags = 0
    p.name  = C.CString(name)
    p.description = C.CString(desc)
    return 0
}

// Release resources allocated by the plugin initialization
func FLBPluginUnregister(ctx unsafe.Pointer) {
    p := (*FLBPlugin) (unsafe.Pointer(ctx))
    fmt.Printf("[flbgo] unregistering %v\n", p)
    C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.name))
    C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.description))
}

func FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx unsafe.Pointer, key string) string {
    _key := C.CString(key)
    return C.GoString(C.output_get_property(_key, unsafe.Pointer(ctx)))
}

主要是定义了一些编写插件需要用到的变量和方法，例如FLBPluginRegister注册组件，FLBPluginConfigKey获取配置文件设定参数等。
PS
实际上用golang调用fluent-bit-go，再加一些实际的业务逻辑实现，最终编译成一个c-share的.so动态链接库。

定制fluent-bit-kafka-ouput插件

实际上，fluent-bit v0.13版本以后就提供了kafka output的插件，但是实际项目中，并不满足我们的需求，必须定制化。
当然接下来的代码主要是作为一个demo,讲清楚如何编写一个output插件。

代码编写和分析

先上代码：

package main

import (
    "C"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "log"
    "reflect"
    "strconv"
    "strings"
    "time"
    "unsafe"

    "github.com/Shopify/sarama"
    "github.com/fluent/fluent-bit-go/output"
    "github.com/ugorji/go/codec"
)

var (
    brokers    []string
    producer   sarama.SyncProducer
    timeout    = 0 * time.Minute
    topic      string
    module     string
    messageKey string
)

//export FLBPluginRegister
func FLBPluginRegister(ctx unsafe.Pointer) int {
    return output.FLBPluginRegister(ctx, "out_kafka", "Kafka Output Plugin.!")
}

//export FLBPluginInit
// ctx (context) pointer to fluentbit context (state/ c code)
func FLBPluginInit(ctx unsafe.Pointer) int {

    if bs := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "brokers"); bs != "" {
        brokers = strings.Split(bs, ",")
    } else {
        log.Printf("you must set brokers")
        return output.FLB_ERROR
    }

    if tp := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "topics"); tp != "" {
        topic = tp
    } else {
        log.Printf("you must set topics")
        return output.FLB_ERROR
    }

    if mo := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "module"); mo != "" {
        module = mo
    } else {
        log.Printf("you must set module")
        return output.FLB_ERROR
    }

    if key := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "message_key"); key != "" {
        messageKey = key
    } else {
        log.Printf("you must set message_key")
        return output.FLB_ERROR
    }

    config := sarama.NewConfig()
    config.Producer.Return.Successes = true

    if required_acks := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "required_acks"); required_acks != "" {
        if acks, err := strconv.Atoi(required_acks); err == nil {
            config.Producer.RequiredAcks = sarama.RequiredAcks(acks)
        }
    }

    if compression_codec := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "compression_codec"); compression_codec != "" {
        if codec, err := strconv.Atoi(compression_codec); err == nil {
            config.Producer.Compression = sarama.CompressionCodec(codec)
        }
    }

    if max_retry := output.FLBPluginConfigKey(ctx, "max_retry"); max_retry != "" {
        if max_retry, err := strconv.Atoi(max_retry); err == nil {
            config.Producer.Retry.Max = max_retry
        }
    }

    if timeout == 0 {
        timeout = 5 * time.Minute
    }
    // If Kafka is not running on init, wait to connect
    deadline := time.Now().Add(timeout)
    for tries := 0; time.Now().Before(deadline); tries++ {
        var err error
        if producer == nil {
            producer, err = sarama.NewSyncProducer(brokers, config)
        }
        if err == nil {
            return output.FLB_OK
        }
        log.Printf("Cannot connect to Kafka: (%s) retrying...", err)
        time.Sleep(time.Second * 30)
    }

    log.Printf("Kafka failed to respond after %s", timeout)
    return output.FLB_ERROR

}

//export FLBPluginFlush
// FLBPluginFlush is called from fluent-bit when data need to be sent. is called from fluent-bit when data need to be sent.
func FLBPluginFlush(data unsafe.Pointer, length C.int, tag *C.char) int {
    var h codec.MsgpackHandle

    var b []byte
    var m interface{}
    var err error

    b = C.GoBytes(data, length)
    dec := codec.NewDecoderBytes(b, &h)

    // Iterate the original MessagePack array
    var msgs []*sarama.ProducerMessage
    for {
        // decode the msgpack data
        err = dec.Decode(&m)
        if err != nil {
            if err == io.EOF {
                break
            }
            log.Printf("Failed to decode msgpack data: %v\n", err)
            return output.FLB_ERROR
        }

        // Get a slice and their two entries: timestamp and map
        slice := reflect.ValueOf(m)
        data := slice.Index(1)

        // Convert slice data to a real map and iterate
        mapData := data.Interface().(map[interface{}]interface{})
        flattenData, err := Flatten(mapData, "", UnderscoreStyle)
        if err != nil {
            break
        }

        message := ""
        host := ""

        for k, v := range flattenData {
            value := ""
            switch t := v.(type) {
            case string:
                value = t
            case []byte:
                value = string(t)
            default:
                value = fmt.Sprintf("%v", v)
            }

            if k == "pod_name" {
                host = value
            }

            if k == messageKey {
                message = value
            }

        }
        if message == "" || host == "" {
            break
        }

        m := &sarama.ProducerMessage{
            Topic: topic,
            Key:   sarama.StringEncoder(fmt.Sprintf("host=%s|module=%s", host, module)),
            Value: sarama.ByteEncoder(message),
        }
        msgs = append(msgs, m)

    }

    err = producer.SendMessages(msgs)
    if err != nil {
        log.Printf("FAILED to send kafka message: %s\n", err)
        return output.FLB_ERROR
    }
    return output.FLB_OK
}

//export FLBPluginExit
func FLBPluginExit() int {
    producer.Close()
    return output.FLB_OK
}

func main() {
}

• FLBPluginExit 插件退出的时候需要执行的一些方法，比如关闭连接。
• FLBPluginRegister 注册插件
• FLBPluginInit 插件初始化
• FLBPluginFlush flush到数据到output
• FLBPluginConfigKey 获取配置文件中参数

PS
当然除了FLBPluginConfigKey之外，也可以通过获取环境变量来获得设置参数。
ctx相当于一个上下文，负责之间的数据的传递。

编译和执行

编译的时候

go build -buildmode=c-shared -o out_kafka.so .

生成out_kafka.so

执行的时候

/fluent-bit/bin/fluent-bit" -c /fluent-bit/etc/fluent-bit.conf -e /fluent-bit/out_kafka.so

总结

采用类似的编写结构，就可以定制化自己的输出插件了。