源码安装apache（附遇到的问题及解决）

版本说明

• CentOS版本：
  CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
• 安装包版本：
  httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
  apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
  apr-util-1.6.1
  pcre-8.41.tar.gz

安装过程

路径说明

安装包一般放在：/usr/local/src
安装路径一般为：/usr/local

安装(用root用户)

• 安装必要应用
  # yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
  # yum install -y expat-devel //错误1
  # yum install -y pcre-devel //错误2
  # yum install -y openssl-devel //错误3
  # yum install -y libxml2-devel //错误4
• apr安装
  # tar zvxf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
  # cd apr-1.6.3
  # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr/
  # make
  # make install

• apr-util安装
  # tar zvxf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
  # cd apr-util-1.6.1
  # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
  # make
  # make install

• pcre安装
  # tar zvxf pcre-8.41.tar.gz
  # cd pcre-8.41
  # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre/
  # make
  # make install
• apache安装

  # ./configure \
  --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 \
  --sbindir=/usr/local/apache2.4/sbin \
  --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ \
  --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \
  --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/ \
  --enable-ssl \
  --with-ssl=shared \
  --enable-proxy=shared \
  --enable-so \
  --enable-mods-shared=all
  # make
  # make install

启动及查看

• 复制命令到service级别
  # cp /usr/local/apache2.4/sbin/httpd /etc/rc.d/init.d
• 启动
  # service httpd -k start
• 停止
  # service httpd -k stop
• 重启
  # service httpd -k restart

• 查看状态
  # service httpd -T

• • 通过80端口状态查看
    # sudo netstat -antp|grep 80
  • 通过进程查看
    # ps -ef|grep httpd

• 访问查看是否启动成功
  访问：http://ip:80
  出现It works! 恭喜你就成功啦。

开通https访问

• 生成证书

  # cd /usr/local/apache2.4/conf
  # openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -out server.crt -keyout server.key

• 编辑httpd.conf，打开以下注释

  Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf 
  LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
  LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so

• 重启apache

• 查看&访问

  • 查看443端口：# sudo netstat -antp|grep 443
  • 访问：https://ip:443 , 如果出现It works! 恭喜你就成功啦。

实现与tomcat整合

• 编辑httpd.conf，打开以下注释

   LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
   LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so

• 通过443端口跳转

  • 编辑/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf(在443虚拟机中加入跳转的tomcat)

    <VirtualHost *:443>
    <Location /apache_tomcat_test>
    ProxyPass ajp://127.0.0.1:#tomcat的ajp端口#/apache_tomcat_test
    </Location>
    </VirtualHost>
    

  • 重启apache
  • 访问： https://ip:443/apache_tomcat_test

• 通过80端口跳转（用https，关闭http访问）

  • 编辑/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf(在80虚拟机中加入跳转的tomcat)

    <VirtualHost *:80>
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.crt" 
    SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.key" 
    
    <Location /apache_tomcat_test>
      ProxyPass ajp://127.0.0.1:#tomcat的ajp端口#/apache_tomcat_test
    </Location>
    </VirtualHost>
    

  • 重启apache
  • 访问： https://ip:80/apache_tomcat_test

安装中的错误及解决

错误1

• apr-util-1.6.1编译时的错误

  make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1'
  /bin/sh /usr/local/apr//build-1/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -g -O2 -pthread -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1/include -I/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1/include/private -I/usr/local/apr//include/apr-1 -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
  xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: error: expat.h: No such file or directory
  xml/apr_xml.c:66: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘XML_Parser’
  xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘cleanup_parser’:
  xml/apr_xml.c:364: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:365: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c: トップレベル:
  xml/apr_xml.c:384: error: expected ‘;’, ‘,’ or ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
  xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘apr_xml_parser_create’:
  xml/apr_xml.c:401: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:402: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:410: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:411: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:412: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: ‘default_handler’ undeclared (first use in this function)
  xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
  xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: for each function it appears in.)
  xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘do_parse’:
  xml/apr_xml.c:434: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:438: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c:442: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
  xml/apr_xml.c:442: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
  xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘apr_xml_parser_geterror’:
  xml/apr_xml.c:500: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
  xml/apr_xml.c:500: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
  make[1]: * [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
  make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1'
  make: * [all-recursive] Error 1

• 原因：缺少expat库，估计是apr-util-1.6不提供了，apr-util-1.5就没这个错误
• 解决：# yum install -y expat-devel

错误2

• apache ./configure时的错误
  checking for pcre-config... false
• 原因：缺少pcre库
• 解决：# yum -y install pcre-devel

错误3

• apache ./configure时的错误
  checking for OpenSSL version >= 0.9.8a... FAILED
  configure: WARNING: OpenSSL version is too old
• 原因：OpenSSL版本旧
• 解决：# yum install -y openssl-devel

错误4

• apache make时出错
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserCreate'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_GetErrorCode'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetUserData'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ErrorString'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetEntityDeclHandler'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserFree'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetElementHandler'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_StopParser'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_Parse'
  /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetCharacterDataHandler'
  collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
  make[2]: * [htpasswd] Error 1
  make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/httpd-2.4.29/support'
  make[1]: * [all-recursive] Error 1
  make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/httpd-2.4.29/support'
  make: * [all-recursive] Error 1
• 原因：缺少了xml相关的库，导致reference无效
• 解决：# yum install -y libxml2-devel
• 注意：安装libxml2-devel后，需要删掉apr-util，重新安装

其他说明

apache依赖包可以降低到1.5。就不会出上述错误了。

apr-1.5.2
apr-util-1.5.2
pcre-8.41