序列化serialize()与反序列化unserialize()的实例

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在写序列化serialize与反序列化unserialize()时，我们先来看看：

serialize — 产生一个可存储的值的表示

描述

string serialize ( mixed $value )

serialize() 返回字符串，此字符串包含了表示 value 的字节流，可以存储于任何地方。

这有利于存储或传递 PHP 的值，同时不丢失其类型和结构。

想要将已序列化的字符串变回 PHP 的值，可使用 unserialize()。serialize() 可处理除了 resource 之外的任何类型。甚至可以 serialize() 那些包含了指向其自身引用的数组。你正 serialize() 的数组／对象中的引用也将被存储。

当序列化对象时，PHP 将试图在序列动作之前调用该对象的成员函数 __sleep()。这样就允许对象在被序列化之前做任何清除操作。类似的，当使用 unserialize() 恢复对象时， 将调用 __wakeup() 成员函数。

个人实际项目中的理解

序列化serialize()就是可以将多个字段的值如 name、vaule、sex、money等存储在数据库表中一个字段里如extend_params，而不用另外开辟那么多字段，使用的时候就要先反序列化extend_params

上代码
下面的代码是我在帘易购项目中计价算法中用到的（ECShop）

/**
     * 添加定制商品到购物车
     */
    public function add_customizationOp() {
        if (floatval($_POST['width']) <= 0 || floatval($_POST['height']) <= 0 || floatval($_POST['c_height']) <= 0) {
            echo '请选择正确的尺寸';
            exit;
        }
        $goods = Model()->table('goods,goods_common')->join('left')->on('goods.goods_commonid = goods_common.goods_commonid')->where(array('goods_common.goods_commonid' => array('in', $_POST['goods'])))->select();

        if (empty($goods)) {
            echo '请选择好合适的款式面料';
            exit;
        }


        $class = $this->_get_class_list(1573);
        $gc_array = array();
        foreach ($class as $val) {
            $gc_array[$val['gc_id']] = $val['gc_name'];
        }

        foreach ($goods as $key => $val) {
            if ($val['gc_id'] == 1574) {
                $ratio = unserialize($val['ratio']);
                break;
            }
        }

        if (empty($ratio) || empty($goods)) {
            echo '请选择好合适的款式面料';
            exit;
        }

        $extend_params['width'] = floatval($_POST['width']);
        $extend_params['height'] = floatval($_POST['height']);
        $extend_params['c_height'] = floatval($_POST['c_height']);
        $extend_params['hl'] = floatval($_POST['hl']);
        $extend_params['settle'] = ' 计价类型：特别定制';
        if (isset($_POST['pay_message']) && !empty($_POST['pay_message'])) {
            $extend_params['pay_message'] = trim($_POST['pay_message']);
        }

        $insert_array = array();
        $extend_params['total_price'] = 0;
        $count = count($goods);
        $i = 1;
        $sum = 0;
        $item_id = time() . rand(1000, 9999);
        foreach ($goods as $val) {
            if ($val['gc_id'] == 1574 || (isset($ratio[$val['gc_id']]) && !empty($ratio[$val['gc_id']]) && intval($ratio[$val['gc_id']]) > 0)) {
                if ($val['goods_storage'] - $_POST['quantity'] < 0) {
                    echo $val['goods_name'] . '库存不足';
                    exit;
                } else {
                    $param['goods_num'] = $_POST['quantity'];
                }


            if ($val['gc_id'] == 1574) {
                    $param['goods_price'] = $val['goods_price'] * $extend_params['width'];
            }elseif($val['gc_id'] == 1589||$val['gc_id'] == 1590){
                $param['goods_price'] = $val['goods_price'] * floatval($ratio[$val['gc_id']]) / 100;
            } else {
                    $extend_params['mianliao'] = $gc_array[$val['gc_id']];
                    $param['goods_price'] = $val['goods_price'] * $extend_params['width'] * floatval($ratio[$val['gc_id']]) / 100;
                }

                if ($extend_params['height'] - 0.6 > 0) {
                    $param['goods_price'] = $param['goods_price'] * $extend_params['height'] / 0.45;
                }
                $sum += $param['goods_price'];
                if ($i == $count) {
                    $extend_params['num'] = $count;
                    $extend_params['sum'] = sprintf("%.2f", $sum);
                }
                $param['goods_price'] = sprintf("%.2f", $param['goods_price']);
                $param['buyer_id'] = $this->member_info['member_id'];
                $param['store_id'] = $this->member_info['bd_store_id'];
                $param['goods_id'] = $val['goods_id'];
                $param['goods_name'] = $val['goods_name'];
                $param['type'] = 2;
                $param['customization_id'] = $item_id;
                $param['goods_image'] = $val['goods_image'];
                $param['store_name'] = $val['store_name'];
                $param['extend_params'] = serialize($extend_params); //重点
                $insert_array[] = $param;
                unset($extend_params['mianliao']);
                $i++;                                              
            }
        }
        //日志
        $da['f_id']=$count;
        $da['f_name']=json_encode($ratio);
        $da['f_ip']='11';
        $da['t_id']=$i;
        $da['t_name']='111';
        $da['t_msg']=json_encode($goods);
        $da['add_time']=time();
        Model()->table('chat_log')->insert($da);
        $res = Model()->table('cart')->insertAll($insert_array);
        if ($res) {
            echo 1;
            exit;
        } else {
            echo '添加失败';
            exit;
        }
    }
    

关键

$param['extend_params'] = serialize($extend_params); //重点

序列化效果

a:5:{s:5:"width";s:1:"2";s:6:"height";s:1:"0";s:11:"pay_message";s:6:"书房";s:11:"goods_price";s:5:"28.00";s:6:"settle";s:22:" 计价类型：定制";}

看到这里就知道serialize()作用性的了

那下面就来看看 是怎么用到unserialize()

/**

 * 购物车列表
 */
public function cart_listOp() {

    $model_cart = Model('cart');

    $condition = array('buyer_id' => $this->member_info['member_id']);
    $cart_list = $model_cart->listCart('db', $condition);

    $sum = 0; //商品总价
    $num = 0; //商品数量
    $all_click = 3; //是否全选
    if (isset($_GET['height'])) {
        Tpl::output('height', intval($_GET['height']));
    } else {
        Tpl::output('height', 0);
    }

    foreach ($cart_list as $key => $value) {
        if (!empty($value['extend_params'])) {
            $extend_params = unserialize($value['extend_params']);  //重点
            $value['extend_params1'] = '';
            $value['extend_params2'] = '';
            if (isset($extend_params['settle'])) {
                $value['extend_params1'] .= $extend_params['settle'];
            }
            if (isset($extend_params['width']) && floatval($extend_params['width']) > 0) {
                $value['extend_params1'] .= " 宽度：" . floatval($extend_params['width']) . "米";
            }
            if (isset($extend_params['height']) && floatval($extend_params['height']) > 0) {
                $value['extend_params1'] .= " 高度：" . floatval($extend_params['height']) . "米";
            }
            if (isset($extend_params['c_height']) && floatval($extend_params['c_height']) > 0) {
                $value['extend_params1'] .= " 窗高：" . floatval($extend_params['c_height']) . "米";
            }


            if (isset($extend_params['hl'])) {
                if ($extend_params['hl'] == 1) {
                    $value['extend_params2'] .= " 魔术贴：正面";
                } else if ($extend_params['hl'] == 2) {
                    $value['extend_params2'] .= " 魔术贴：反面";
                } else if ($extend_params['hl'] == 3) {
               
                    if (!isset($extend_params['mianliao'])) {
                        $value['extend_params2'] .= "无魔术贴";
                    }
                }
                //定制商品               
                $cart_list[$key]['num'] = $extend_params['num'];
                $cart_list[$key]['sum'] = $extend_params['sum'];

                if (isset($extend_params['mianliao'])) {
                    $value['extend_params2'] .= " " . $extend_params['mianliao'];
                }
            }
            if (isset($extend_params['interfacing'])) {
                if ($extend_params['interfacing'] == 1) {
                    $value['extend_params2'] .= " 衬布：遮光衬布";
                } else if ($extend_params['interfacing'] == 2) {
                    $value['extend_params2'] .= " 衬布：不遮光衬布";
                } else if ($extend_params['interfacing'] == 0) {
                    $value['extend_params2'] .= " 衬布：无衬布";
                }
            }

            $cart_list[$key]['cunbucloth'] = $extend_params['cunbucloth'];
            $cart_list[$key]['cunbumon'] = $extend_params['cunbumon'];
            $cart_list[$key]['pay_message'] = $extend_params['pay_message'];
            $cart_list[$key]['extend_params1'] = $value['extend_params1'];
            $cart_list[$key]['extend_params2'] = $value['extend_params2'];
            $cart_list[$key]['goods_sum'] = ncPriceFormat($extend_params['sum'] * $value['goods_num']);
            if($extend_params['sum']){
                $cart_list[$key]['goods_sum'] = ncPriceFormat($extend_params['sum'] * $value['goods_num']);
            }else{
                $cart_list[$key]['goods_sum'] = ncPriceFormat($value['goods_price'] * $value['goods_num']);
            }
        }
        $cart_list[$key]['goods_image_url'] = cthumb($value['goods_image'], $value['store_id']);
        $cart_list[$key]['goods_price'] = $value['goods_price'];
        $cart_list[$key]['quantity'] = $value['goods_num']; //单笔订单购买的产品数量
        $cart[] = $cart_list[$key];
        if ($value['click'] == 1) {
            $sum += $cart_list[$key]['goods_sum'];
            $num += $cart_list[$key]['goods_num'];
        } else {
            $all_click = 2;
        }
    }

// dump($cart);
// exit(-1);

    Tpl::output('cart', $cart);
    Tpl::output('all_click', $all_click);
    Tpl::output('num', $num);
    Tpl::output('sum', ncPriceFormat($sum));
    Tpl::showpage('cart');
}

重点

$extend_params = unserialize($value['extend_params']);  //重点

下面你就可以直接用$extend_params 来定位到你需要的数据了

总结

项目做不要怕Bug，要敢于面对它并把它真正的解决，当我做这个项目的时候，我并不是很清楚地知道序列化和反序列化的真正用法，我是先序列化了，然后要用的时候没有序列化，而直接去 $value['extend_params']['sum']这样去找，所以它是找不到数据的，后来经过反复试错，我懂得了得反序列化它，然后就可以直接这样用$extend_params['sum']，故接触得多，懂得也就多啦，不用怕自己现在很多都不会，重要的是自己肯去接触肯去理解

注：文章来源雨中笑记录实习期遇到的问题与心得，转载请申明原文