162. Find Peak Element

A peak element is an element that is greater than its neighbors.
Given an input array nums, where nums[i] ≠ nums[i+1], find a peak element and return its index.
The array may contain multiple peaks, in that case return the index to any one of the peaks is fine.
You may imagine that nums[-1] = nums[n] = -∞.

Example 1:

Input: nums = [1,2,3,1]
Output: 2
Explanation: 3 is a peak element and your function should return the index number 2.

Example 2:

Input: nums = [1,2,1,3,5,6,4]
Output: 1 or 5 
Explanation: Your function can return either index number 1 where the peak element is 2, or index number 5 where the peak element is 6.

Note:
Your solution should be in logarithmic complexity.

难度：medium

题目：峰值指当前元素大于其邻居，给定一数组相离元素不等，找出其峰值并返回其索引。数组可能包含多个峰值，返回任一即可。注意：时间复杂度为对数

思路：二叉搜索，nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1] 留下左边，nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1]意味着nums[mid]可为潜在的峰值，如果左边是升序则其为峰值，否则继续查找。如果mid已是最左边的数，则为其为峰值。

Runtime: 2 ms, faster than 100.00% of Java online submissions for Find Peak Element.
Memory Usage: 37.6 MB, less than 100.00% of Java online submissions for Find Peak Element.

public class Solution {

public int findPeakElement(int[] nums) {
    int left = 0, right = nums.length - 1;
    while (left < right) {
        int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
        if (nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1]) {
            right = mid;
        } else {
            left = mid + 1;
        }
    }
    return left;
}

}