4

微服务架构

  • 网关:路由用户请求到指定服务,转发前端 Cookie 中包含的 Session 信息;
  • 用户服务:用户登录认证(Authentication),用户授权(Authority),用户管理(Redis Session Management)
  • 其他服务:依赖 Redis 中用户信息进行接口请求验证

用户 - 角色 - 权限表结构设计

  • 权限表

权限表最小粒度的控制单个功能,例如用户管理、资源管理,表结构示例:

id authority description
1 ROLE_ADMIN_USER 管理所有用户
2 ROLE_ADMIN_RESOURCE 管理所有资源
3 ROLE_A_1 访问 ServiceA 的某接口的权限
4 ROLE_A_2 访问 ServiceA 的另一个接口的权限
5 ROLE_B_1 访问 ServiceB 的某接口的权限
6 ROLE_B_2 访问 ServiceB 的另一个接口的权限
  • 角色 - 权限表

自定义角色,组合各种权限,例如超级管理员拥有所有权限,表结构示例:

id name authority_ids
1 超级管理员 1,2,3,4,5,6
2 管理员A 3,4
3 管理员B 5,6
4 普通用户 NULL
  • 用户 - 角色表

用户绑定一个或多个角色,即分配各种权限,示例表结构:

user_id role_id
1 1
1 4
2 2

用户服务设计

Maven 依赖(所有服务)

        <!-- Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Session Redis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

应用配置 application.yml 示例:

# Spring Session 配置
spring.session.store-type=redis
server.servlet.session.persistent=true
server.servlet.session.timeout=7d
server.servlet.session.cookie.max-age=7d

# Redis 配置
spring.redis.host=<redis-host>
spring.redis.port=6379

# MySQL 配置
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://<mysql-host>:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=<username>
spring.datasource.password=<passowrd>

用户登录认证(authentication)与授权(authority)

@Slf4j
public class CustomAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {

    private final UserService userService;

    CustomAuthenticationFilter(String defaultFilterProcessesUrl, UserService userService) {
        super(new AntPathRequestMatcher(defaultFilterProcessesUrl, HttpMethod.POST.name()));
        this.userService = userService;
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
        JSONObject requestBody = getRequestBody(request);
        String username = requestBody.getString("username");
        String password = requestBody.getString("password");
        UserDO user = userService.getByUsername(username);
        if (user != null && validateUsernameAndPassword(username, password, user)){
            // 查询用户的 authority
            List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> userAuthorities = userService.getSimpleGrantedAuthority(user.getId());
            return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getId(), null, userAuthorities);
        }
        throw new AuthenticationServiceException("登录失败");
    }

    /**
     * 获取请求体
     */
    private JSONObject getRequestBody(HttpServletRequest request) throws AuthenticationException{
        try {
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
            byte[] bs = new byte[StreamUtils.BUFFER_SIZE];
            int len;
            while ((len = inputStream.read(bs)) != -1) {
                stringBuilder.append(new String(bs, 0, len));
            }
            return JSON.parseObject(stringBuilder.toString());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("get request body error.");
        }
        throw new AuthenticationServiceException(HttpRequestStatusEnum.INVALID_REQUEST.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 校验用户名和密码
     */
    private boolean validateUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password, UserDO user) throws AuthenticationException {
         return username == user.getUsername() && password == user.getPassword();
    }

}
@EnableWebSecurity
@AllArgsConstructor
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    private static final String LOGIN_URL = "/user/login";

    private static final String LOGOUT_URL = "/user/logout";

    private final UserService userService;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(LOGIN_URL).permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .logout().logoutUrl(LOGOUT_URL).clearAuthentication(true).permitAll()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();

        http.addFilterAt(bipAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
                .rememberMe().alwaysRemember(true);
    }

    /**
     * 自定义认证过滤器
     */
    private CustomAuthenticationFilter customAuthenticationFilter() {
        CustomAuthenticationFilter authenticationFilter = new CustomAuthenticationFilter(LOGIN_URL, userService);
        return authenticationFilter;
    }

}

其他服务设计

应用配置 application.yml 示例:

# Spring Session 配置
spring.session.store-type=redis

# Redis 配置
spring.redis.host=<redis-host>
spring.redis.port=6379

全局安全配置

@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
    }

}

用户认证信息获取

用户通过用户服务登录成功后,用户信息会被缓存到 Redis,缓存的信息与 CustomAuthenticationFilterattemptAuthentication() 方法返回的对象有关,如上所以,返回的对象是 new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getId(), null, userAuthorities),即 Redis 缓存了用户的 ID 和用户的权力(authorities)。

UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken 构造函数的第一个参数是 Object 对象,所以可以自定义缓存对象。

在微服务各个模块获取用户的这些信息的方法如下:

    @GetMapping()
    public WebResponse test(@AuthenticationPrincipal UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken){
       // 略
    }

权限控制

  • 启用基于方法的权限注解
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true, securedEnabled = true)
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

}
  • 简单权限校验

例如,删除角色的接口,仅允许拥有 ROLE_ADMIN_USER 权限的用户访问。

    /**
     * 删除角色
     */
    @PostMapping("/delete")
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN_USER')")
    public WebResponse deleteRole(@RequestBody RoleBean roleBean){
          // 略
    }
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('<authority>')") 可作用于微服务中的各个模块
  • 自定义权限校验

如上所示,hasRole() 方法是 Spring Security 内嵌的,如需自定义,可以使用 Expression-Based Access Control,示例:

/**
 * 自定义校验服务
 */
@Service
public class CustomService{

    public boolean check(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken, String extraParam){
          // 略
    }

}
    /**
     * 删除角色
     */
    @PostMapping()
    @PreAuthorize("@customService.check(authentication, #userBean.username)")
    public WebResponse custom(@RequestBody UserBean userBean){
          // 略
    }
authentication 属于内置对象, # 获取入参的值
  • 任意用户权限动态修改

原理上,用户的权限信息保存在 Redis 中,修改用户权限就需要操作 Redis,示例:

@Service
@AllArgsConstructor
public class HttpSessionService<S extends Session>  {

    private final FindByIndexNameSessionRepository<S> sessionRepository;

    /**
     * 重置用户权限
     */
    public void resetAuthorities(Long userId, List<GrantedAuthority> authorities){
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken newToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userId, null, authorities);
        Map<String, S> redisSessionMap = sessionRepository.findByPrincipalName(String.valueOf(userId));
        redisSessionMap.values().forEach(session -> {
            SecurityContextImpl securityContext = session.getAttribute(HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository.SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT_KEY);
            securityContext.setAuthentication(newToken);
            session.setAttribute(HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository.SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT_KEY, securityContext);
            sessionRepository.save(session);
        });
    }

}

修改用户权限,仅需调用 httpSessionService.resetAuthorities() 方法即可,实时生效。


Anoy
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