这周参考了一些博文,自己写了一个简单的vue,网上这类实现很多,我的实现也没什么新奇,权当一个自我练习吧
本文同时发在我的github博客上,欢迎star
具体实现
首先,得先有一个Vue类,当然,我写的一个很粗糙的Vue类,所以我把它叫做BabyVue:
function BabyVue(options) {
const { data, root, template, methods } = options;
this.data = data;
this.root = root;
this.template = template;
this.methods = methods;
this.observe();
this.resolveTemplate();
}
BabtVue构造函数接受一个options,options中包含data,root(即html中指定的根结点),template模版,methods四个option,我们把这些option挂载到this方法上,以便后续的函数能轻松地拿到他们。然后执行observe和resolveTemplate方法
observe方法:
BabyVue.prototype.observe = function() {
Object.keys(this.data).forEach(key => {
let val = this.data[key];
const observer = new Observer();
Object.defineProperty(this.data, key, {
get: () => {
if (Observer.target) {
observer.subscribe(Observer.target);
}
return val;
},
set: newValue => {
if (val === newValue) {
return;
}
val = newValue;
observer.publish(newValue);
}
});
});
};
observe方法中先对this.data中的数据进行遍历,这里没有考虑更深层的结构,只对第一层数据进行遍历,利用闭包缓存它的当前值val和一个观察者observer,并用Object.defineProperty
方法设置它的get和set属性,在获取值的时候判断Observer.target是否存在,若存在,则将Observer.target加入订阅者(后面再详述其作用),最后返回val;设置值的时候,将新值与val对比,若不同,则更新val值,并通知订阅者更新
下面是Observer的代码,实现了一个简单的观察者模式:
function Observer() {
this.subscribers = [];
}
Observer.prototype.subscribe = function(subscriber) {
!~this.subscribers.indexOf(subscriber) && this.subscribers.push(subscriber);
};
Observer.prototype.publish = function(newVal) {
this.subscribers.forEach(subscriber => {
const ele = document.querySelector(`[${subscriber}]`);
ele && (ele.innerHTML = newVal);
});
};
订阅者用其特殊属性进行标识,在更新时,先通过属性选择器拿到目标dom再更新其值
下面是resolveTemplate的代码,其主要是渲染模版、增加元素标识和挂载事件,Vue中对模版解析使用的应当是更高级的方法,我这里只是对template字符串一些简单的解析
BabyVue.prototype.resolveTemplate = function() {
const root = document.createElement("div");
root.innerHTML = this.template;
const children = root.children;
const nodes = [].slice.call(children);
let index = 0;
const events = [];
while (nodes.length !== 0) {
const node = nodes.shift();
const _index = index++;
node.setAttribute(`v-${_index}`, "");
if (node.children.length > 0) {
nodes.push(...node.children);
} else {
if (/\{\{(.*)\}\}/.test(node.innerHTML)) {
const key = node.innerHTML.replace(/\{\{(.*)\}\}/, "$1");
Observer.target = `v-${_index}`;
node.innerHTML = this.data[key];
Observer.target = null;
}
const method = node.getAttribute("v-on:click");
if (method) {
events.push({
key: `v-${_index}`,
type: "click",
method
});
}
}
}
this.root.innerHTML = root.innerHTML;
events.forEach(event => {
const { key, type, method } = event;
const ele = document.querySelector(`[${key}]`);
ele.addEventListener(type, this.methods[method].bind(this));
});
};
我对模版中的每一个元素增加一个特殊标示,形似v-xxx
,方便根据表示标示获取真实dom(为什么不直接保存node?可以试试使用了createElement
创建的元素再设置innerHTML
,会出现一些问题)。
先根据正则匹配{}
,若符合条件,获取了大括号的标识符后,先将Object.target
设为元素的标识,在将元素的innerHTML置为data中的数据,要注意,在此时,我们获取了一次this.data[key]
,会触发之前设置的get属性,在其中判断Observer.target
是否存在,因为我们刚刚设置过,Observer.target
当前为元素的标识,所以,它被加到订阅者中。
再获取其事件属性,我们这里只简单地获取v-on:click
属性,我们将它的属性值和元素标识保存到events中
最后等待模版挂载在root元素中后,我们遍历events数组,挂载事件
至此,我的BabyVue已基本实现了
Demo
实现的是一个简单的计数器:
有兴趣的小伙伴可以复制以下代码运行查看效果:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>BabyVue</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script>
function BabyVue(options) {
const {
data,
root,
template,
methods
} = options;
this.data = data;
this.root = root;
this.template = template;
this.methods = methods;
this.observe();
this.resolveTemplate();
}
BabyVue.prototype.observe = function () {
Object.keys(this.data).forEach(key => {
let val = this.data[key];
const observer = new Observer();
Object.defineProperty(this.data, key, {
get: () => {
if (Observer.target) {
observer.subscribe(Observer.target);
}
return val;
},
set: newValue => {
if (val === newValue) {
return;
}
val = newValue;
observer.publish(newValue);
}
});
});
};
BabyVue.prototype.resolveTemplate = function () {
const root = document.createElement("div");
root.innerHTML = this.template;
const children = root.children;
const nodes = [].slice.call(children);
let index = 0;
const events = [];
while (nodes.length !== 0) {
const node = nodes.shift();
const _index = index++;
node.setAttribute(`v-${_index}`, "");
if (node.children.length > 0) {
nodes.push(...node.children);
} else {
if (/\{\{(.*)\}\}/.test(node.innerHTML)) {
const key = node.innerHTML.replace(/\{\{(.*)\}\}/, "$1");
Observer.target = `v-${_index}`;
node.innerHTML = this.data[key];
Observer.target = null;
}
const method = node.getAttribute("v-on:click");
if (method) {
events.push({
key: `v-${_index}`,
type: "click",
method
});
}
}
}
this.root.innerHTML = root.innerHTML;
events.forEach(event => {
const {
key,
type,
method
} = event;
const ele = document.querySelector(`[${key}]`);
ele.addEventListener(type, this.methods[method].bind(this));
});
};
function Observer() {
this.subscribers = [];
}
Observer.prototype.subscribe = function(subscriber) {
!~this.subscribers.indexOf(subscriber) &&
this.subscribers.push(subscriber);
};
Observer.prototype.publish = function (newVal) {
this.subscribers.forEach(subscriber => {
const ele = document.querySelector(`[${subscriber}]`);
ele && (ele.innerHTML = newVal);
});
};
const root = document.getElementById("root");
const vm = new BabyVue({
data: {
value: 0
},
root,
template: `
<div>
<p>{{value}}</p>
<button v-on:click="add">add</button>
<button v-on:click="reset">reset</button>
</div>`,
methods: {
add: function () {
this.data.value++;
},
reset: function () {
this.data.value = 0;
}
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
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