JavaScript访问器(Getter和Setter),ECMAScript 5(2009)介绍了Getter和Setters。 Getters和setter允许您定义对象访问器(Computed Properties)。

JavaScript Getter(get关键字)

   <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>js</title>
    <body>
    
    <h2>JavaScript Getters和Setters</h2>
    
    <p> Getters和setter允许您通过方法获取和设置属性。</p>
    
    <p>此示例使用lang属性获取语言属性的值。</p>
    
    <p id="demo"></p>
    
    <script>
        // 新建一个对象。
        var person = {
            firstName: "John",
            lastName : "Doe",
            language : "en",
            get lang() {
                return this.language;
            }
        };
        // 使用getter显示来自对象的数据:
        document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = person.lang;
    </script>
    
    </body>
    </html>

JavaScript Setter (set关键字)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>JavaScript Getters和Setters</title>
<body>

<h2> JavaScript Getters和Setters </h2>

<p> Getters和setter允许您通过方法获取和设置属性。</p>

<p>此示例使用lang属性设置语言属性的值。</p>

<p id="demo"></p>

<script>
    // Create an object:
    var person = {
        firstName: "John",
        lastName : "Doe",
        language : "NO",
        set lang(value) {
            this.language = value;
        }
    };
    // Set a property using set:
    person.lang = "en";
    // Display data from the object:
    document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = person.language;
</script>

</body>
</html>

为什么使用Getter和Setter?
它提供了更简单的语法
它允许属性和方法的语法相同
它可以确保更好的数据质量
在幕后做事情很有用

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>js</title>
<body>

<h2> JavaScript Getters和Setters </h2>

<p>完美的创建反对象:</p>

<p id="demo"></p>

<script>
    var obj = {
        counter : 0,
        get reset() {
            this.counter = 0;
        },
        get increment() {
            this.counter++;
        },
        get decrement() {
            this.counter--;
        },
        set add(value) {
            this.counter += value;
        },
        set subtract(value) {
            this.counter -= value;
        }
    };
    // Play with the counter:
    obj.reset;
    obj.add = 5;
    obj.subtract = 1;
    obj.increment;
    obj.decrement;
    // Display the counter:
    document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = obj.counter;
</script>

</body>
</html>

Object.defineProperty()方法还可用于添加Getters和Setter


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