golang cli命令行框架使用

简介
cli提供了简单快速的命令行功能的开发。在应用中通过命令设定参数和配置是基本需求。Cli可以帮助快速构建命令行功能。

安装

go get github.com/urfave/cli 

简单示例

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
    app := cli.NewApp()
    app.Name = "sysconfig"
    app.Usage = "Setting basic configuration"
    app.Version = "0.0.1"

    app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
        fmt.Println("Prepare applying basic configuration")
        return nil
    }

    app.Run(os.Args)
}

编译后执行测试

./cli -h
NAME:
   sysconfig - Setting basic configuration

USAGE:
   cli [global options] command [command options] [arguments...]

VERSION:
   0.0.1

COMMANDS:
   help, h  Shows a list of commands or help for one command

GLOBAL OPTIONS:
   --help, -h     show help
   --version, -v  print the version

可以看到Action的部分没有执行

命令行不带-h 或 -v

./cli
Prepare applying basic configuration

可以看到Action的部分被执行

指定要设定的参数使用cli.flags进行参数设定

在应用中要指定MySQL地址或者debug用的port可以使用
cli --mysqlurl 192.168.111.11 --debugport 6666
或者
cli -url 192.168.111.11 -dp 6666

示例

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
    var mysqlUrl string
    var debugPort uint
    app := cli.NewApp()
    app.Name = "sysconfig"
    app.Usage = "Setting basic configuration"
    app.Version = "0.0.1"

    app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
        cli.StringFlag{
            Name:        "mysqlurl, url",
            Usage:       "specify mysql address",
            Value:       "182.122.11.11",
            Destination: &mysqlUrl,
        },
        cli.UintFlag{
            Name:        "debugport, dp",
            Usage:       "specify debug port",
            Value:       9666,
            Destination: &debugPort,
        },
    }

    app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
        fmt.Println("Prepare applying basic configuration")

        fmt.Println("MySQL Url:", mysqlUrl)
        fmt.Println("Debug port:", debugPort)
        return nil
    }

    app.Run(os.Args)
}

编译后执行

./cli --mysqlurl 192.168.128.122 --debugport 76554
Prepare applying basic configuration
MySQL Url: 192.168.128.122
Debug port: 76554

可以看到mysqlUrl和debugPort已经被赋值为在命令行输入的参数

使用command

例如要设定debug的等级，mysql中查询userid对应的用户信息可以用如下格式的输入

./cli debug grade 2
./cli mysql query 12345

示例代码如下

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
    app := cli.NewApp()
    app.Name = "sysconfig"
    app.Usage = "Setting basic configuration"
    app.Version = "0.0.1"

    app.Commands = []cli.Command{
        {
            Name:    "debug",
            Aliases: []string{"d"},
            Usage:   "debug settings",
            Subcommands: []cli.Command{
                {
                    Name:  "grade",
                    Usage: "set debug grade",
                    Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
                        fmt.Println("Set debug grade to ", c.Args().First())
                        return nil
                    },
                },
            },
        },
        {
            Name:    "mysql",
            Aliases: []string{"q"},
            Usage:   "mysql operations",
            Subcommands: []cli.Command{
                {
                    Name:  "query",
                    Usage: "query userid",
                    Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
                        fmt.Println("query userid=", c.Args().First())
                        return nil
                    },
                },
            },
        },
    }

    app.Run(os.Args)
}

编译后执行

./cli d grade 2
Set debug grade to  2

./cli q query 3415
query userid= 3415