使用 Prometheus & Grafana 监控你的 Spring Boot 应用

准备工作

Prometheus v2.14.0
Grafana v6.5.0

使用 Docker 部署上面的基础环境，配置文件可见 docker-compose.yml，输入以下命令进行一键部署：

# 检查配置
docker-compose config
# 启动服务（-d 后台启动）
docker-compose up -d
# 停止并清除服务
docker-compose down

添加依赖项

pom.xml

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <!-- 借助 Micrometer 对接 Prometheus 监控系统 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
    <artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: monitoring-prometheus-grafana

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        # 将 Actuator 的 /actuator/prometheus 端点暴露出来
        include: 'prometheus'
  metrics:
    tags: 
      application: ${spring.application.name}

logging:
  level:
    io.github.y0ngb1n.*: debug

使用方式

Step 1: 启动服务

$ mvn spring-boot:run
...
2019-12-08 22:28:11.916  INFO 36157 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.e.web.EndpointLinksResolver      : Exposing 1 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'
2019-12-08 22:28:12.045  INFO 36157 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2019-12-08 22:28:12.050  INFO 36157 --- [           main] i.g.y.m.p.PrometheusGrafanaApplication   : Started PrometheusGrafanaApplication in 20.638 seconds (JVM running for 27.154)

Step 2: 访问 /actuator/prometheus 端口

$ curl -sS http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/prometheus
# HELP jvm_gc_memory_promoted_bytes_total Count of positive increases in the size of the old generation memory pool before GC to after GC
# TYPE jvm_gc_memory_promoted_bytes_total counter
jvm_gc_memory_promoted_bytes_total{application="monitoring-prometheus-grafana",} 9986992.0
# HELP jvm_threads_daemon_threads The current number of live daemon threads
# TYPE jvm_threads_daemon_threads gauge
jvm_threads_daemon_threads{application="monitoring-prometheus-grafana",} 30.0
# HELP process_uptime_seconds The uptime of the Java virtual machine
# TYPE process_uptime_seconds gauge
process_uptime_seconds{application="monitoring-prometheus-grafana",} 75.133
...

将应用与 Prometheus 对接

添加 Prometheus 的配置文件：prometheus.yml

scrape_configs:
  # 任意写，建议英文，不要包含特殊字符
  - job_name: 'spring-boot-app'
    # 多久采集一次数据
    scrape_interval: 15s
    # 采集时的超时时间
    scrape_timeout: 10s
    # 采集的路径是啥
    metrics_path: '/actuator/prometheus'
    # 采集服务的地址，设置成 Spring Boot 应用所在服务器的具体地址
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.168.31.44:8080']

可使用 ifconfig 查看宿主机的 IP 地址，Prometheus 服务器就会自动每隔15秒请求 http://your-ip:8080/actuator/prometheus。更多配置参见 👉官方文档