28、网关zuul入门二

上一篇讲解了网关zuul的path-url这种转发方式；这一篇讲解一下path-serviceId这种转发方式。path-serviceId这种方式需要使用到注册中心eureka

1、新建项目sc-zuul-consumer，该项目主要提供一个Controller，两个接口，对应的pom.xml文件如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-zuul-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sc-zuul-consumer</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 说明是一个 eureka client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2、新建配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 7090

spring:
  application:
    name: sc-zuul-consumer

eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: true #是否将自己注册到Eureka服务中，默认为true
    fetchRegistry: true #是否从Eureka中获取注册信息，默认为true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:5001/eureka/

3、新建Controller

package sc.zuul.consumer.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import sc.zuul.consumer.model.User;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/user/getUser/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> getUser(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        System.out.println("id = " + id);
        Map<String, Object> resp = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        resp.put("code", "000000");
        resp.put("msg", "success");
        User u = new User();
        u.setId(1);
        u.setPosition("cto");
        u.setUsername("黄金");
        resp.put("body", u);
        return resp;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/listUser")
    public Map<String, Object> listUser() {
        Map<String, Object> resp = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        resp.put("code", "000000");
        resp.put("msg", "success");
        User u1 = new User();
        u1.setId(1);
        u1.setPosition("cto");
        u1.setUsername("黄金");

        User u2 = new User();
        u2.setId(2);
        u2.setPosition("cto");
        u2.setUsername("白银");

        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
        list.add(u1);
        list.add(u2);
        resp.put("body", list);

        return resp;
    }

}

4、新建springboot启动类ZuulConsumerApplication.java

package sc.zuul.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ZuulConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

5、先启动注册中心项目sc-eureka-server，再启动sc-zuul-consumer

访问接口：http://127.0.0.1:7090/user/listUser

访问接口：http://127.0.0.1:7090/user/getUser/1

6、新建网关项目sc-zuul-towway，对应的pom.xml文件如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-zuul-towway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sc-zuul-towway</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 说明是一个 eureka client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency> 
        -->

    </dependencies>
</project>

备注：springboot2.x后spring-cloud-starter-zuul被标志为过期

7、新建配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8090

spring:
  application:
    name: sc-zuul-towway

# 路由规则配置
zuul:
  routes:
    user:
      path: /api/**
      serviceId: sc-zuul-consumer

# API网关也将作为一个服务注册到eureka-server上
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: true #是否将自己注册到Eureka服务中，默认为true
    fetchRegistry: true #是否从Eureka中获取注册信息，默认为true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:5001/eureka/

8、新建启动类ZuulApplication.java

package sc.zuul.towway;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
    }

}

9、启动项目ZuulApplication.java

10、验证
访问注册中心

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8090/api/user/listUser

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8090/api/user/getUser/1