下载的是mysql-glibc压缩包
前置配置
- 使用 "tar xvf" 解压 mysql-linux-glibc-x86_64.tar.xz 至某个文件夹,如 /home/user/myself/mysql
- 创建mysql用户:adduser mysql
- 将mysql所在安装目录持有者改为 mysql :
chown -R mysql:mysql /home/user/myself/mysql
- 赋予权限 : chmod -R 775 /home/user/myself/mysql
- 创建配置文件并编辑自定义参数:touch /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]
#auto-rehash是自动补全的意思
auto-rehash
#默认连接端口
port = 3306
#用于本地连接的socket套接字
socket = /tmp/mysqlx.sock
#编码
default-character-set = UTF8MB4
[mysqld]
#skip-name-resolve
# 指定默认编码格式
character-set-server=utf8
# 设置3306端口
port = 3306
socket=/tmp/mysqlx.sock
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/home/user/myself/mysql/mysql-linux-glibc-x86_64
# 指定pid文件
pid-file=/home/user/myself/mysql/pid/3306/mysql.pid
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/home/user/myself/mysql/data
# 指定错误日志
log-error=/home/user/myself/mysql/log/err.log
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的拉丁字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
#lower_case_table_name=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
- 添加系统变量:vi /etc/profile,把以下内容粘贴在末尾:
# mysql
MYSQL_HOME=/home/user/myself/mysql/mysql-linux-glibc-x86_64
PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
export PATH MYSQL_HOME
source /etc/profile ,即时生效
初始化and启动and登录
初始化,进入安装路径bin目录,执行:
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
如果报缺少 libaio 依赖错误,
centos :yum install libaio
ubuntu :sudo apt-get install libaio1- 根据my.cnf中的日志路径,得到初始的临时密码
[Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9Pdvi0ifts^c
启动并登录
进入support-fils目录,执行:
sudo ./mysql.server start
或者sudo ./mysql.server start --user=mysql
(也还有另一种本地启动方法:./bin/mysqld_safe,此方法是./mysql.server start
的底层脚本方式)
在新窗口,输入:mysql -uroot -p,然后提示输入密码,把初始密码输入进去,便可看到:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
success.
- 改密码:
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newPassword';
- 查看用户host地址:
select user,host from mysql.user;
服务端启动与停止之命令
如果懒得配置系统自启服务列表,可以配置软链接或在bashrc设alias,就是麻烦点,每次启停都需要手动操作
# mysql-start
sudo /home/user/myself/mysql/8.0.20/mysql-linux-glibc-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server start --user=mysql
# mysql-stop
sudo /home/user/myself/mysql/8.0.20/mysql-linux-glibc-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server stop --user=mysql
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