Istio之Sidecar注入

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    为了利用Istio的所有功能，网格中的Pod必须运行Istio Sidecar代理。下面介绍了两种将Istio Sidecar注入到容器中的方法：手动使用istioctl命令或通过在容器的命名空间中启用自动Istio Sidecar注入。

    • 手动注入直接修改配置(如部署)，并将代理配置注入其中。
    • 在Pod的命名空间中启用后，自动注入会使用准入控制器在Pod创建时注入代理配置。

    手动注入

    要手动注入部署，请使用istioctl kube-inject：

    istioctl kube-inject -f samples/sleep/sleep.yaml | kubectl apply -f -

    默认情况下，这将使用集群内配置。或者，可以使用配置的本地副本来完成注入。

    kubectl -n istio-system get configmap istio-sidecar-injector -o=jsonpath='{.data.config}' > inject-config.yaml
kubectl -n istio-system get configmap istio-sidecar-injector -o=jsonpath='{.data.values}' > inject-values.yaml
kubectl -n istio-system get configmap istio -o=jsonpath='{.data.mesh}' > mesh-config.yaml

    在输入文件上运行kube-inject并进行部署。

    istioctl kube-inject 
    --injectConfigFile inject-config.yaml 
    --meshConfigFile mesh-config.yaml 
    --valuesFile inject-values.yaml 
    --filename samples/sleep/sleep.yaml 
    | kubectl apply -f -

    自动注入

    使用Istio提供的 mutating webhook admission controller，可以将Sidecar自动添加到适用的Kubernetes Pod中。

    当您在名称空间上设置istio-injection = enabled标签并且启用了注入Webhook时，在该名称空间中创建的所有新容器都将自动添加一个sidecar。

    请注意，与手动注入不同，自动注入发生在容器级。您不会看到部署本身的任何变化。相反，您需要检查各个Pod（通过kubectl describe）以查看注入的代理。

    istio-sidecar-injector-controller根据在istio-sidecar-injector ConfigMap中定义的模板来进行注入。我们查看一下具体内容：

    $ kubectl describe configmap istio-sidecar-injector -n istio-system
Name:         istio-sidecar-injector
Namespace:    istio-system
Labels:       install.operator.istio.io/owning-resource=installed-state
              install.operator.istio.io/owning-resource-namespace=istio-system
              istio.io/rev=default
              operator.istio.io/component=Pilot
              operator.istio.io/managed=Reconcile
              operator.istio.io/version=1.7.3
              release=istio
Annotations:  kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
                {"apiVersion":"v1","data":{"config":"policy: enablednalwaysInjectSelector:n  []nneverInjectSelector:n  []ninjectedAnnotations:nntem...

Data
====
config:
----
policy: enabled
alwaysInjectSelector:
  []
neverInjectSelector:
  []
injectedAnnotations:

template: |
  rewriteAppHTTPProbe: {{ valueOrDefault .Values.sidecarInjectorWebhook.rewriteAppHTTPProbe false }}
  initContainers:
  {{ if ne (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode` .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode) `NONE` }}
  {{ if .Values.istio_cni.enabled -}}
  - name: istio-validation
  {{ else -}}
  - name: istio-init
  {{ end -}}
  {{- if contains "/" .Values.global.proxy_init.image }}
    image: "{{ .Values.global.proxy_init.image }}"
  {{- else }}
    image: "{{ .Values.global.hub }}/{{ .Values.global.proxy_init.image }}:{{ .Values.global.tag }}"
  {{- end }}
    args:
    - istio-iptables
    - "-p"
    - 15001
    - "-z"
    - "15006"
    - "-u"
    - 1337
    - "-m"
    - "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode` .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode }}"
    - "-i"
    - "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundIPRanges` .Values.global.proxy.includeIPRanges }}"
    - "-x"
    - "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundIPRanges` .Values.global.proxy.excludeIPRanges }}"
    - "-b"
    - "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeInboundPorts` `*` }}"
    - "-d"
  {{- if excludeInboundPort (annotation .ObjectMeta `status.sidecar.istio.io/port` .Values.global.proxy.statusPort) (annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeInboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.excludeInboundPorts) }}
    - "15090,15021,{{ excludeInboundPort (annotation .ObjectMeta `status.sidecar.istio.io/port` .Values.global.proxy.statusPort) (annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeInboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.excludeInboundPorts) }}"
  {{- else }}
    - "15090,15021"
  {{- end }}
    {{ if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundPorts`) (ne (valueOrDefault .Values.global.proxy.includeOutboundPorts "") "") -}}
    - "-q"
    - "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.includeOutboundPorts }}"
    {{ end -}}
    {{ if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundPorts`) (ne (valueOrDefault .Values.global.proxy.excludeOutboundPorts "") "") -}}
    - "-o"
    - "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.excludeOutboundPorts }}"
    {{ end -}}
    {{ if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/kubevirtInterfaces`) -}}
    - "-k"
    - "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/kubevirtInterfaces` }}"
    {{ end -}}
    {{ if .Values.istio_cni.enabled -}}
    - "--run-validation"
    - "--skip-rule-apply"
    {{ end -}}
    imagePullPolicy: "{{ valueOrDefault .Values.global.imagePullPolicy `Always` }}"
  {{- if .ProxyConfig.ProxyMetadata }}
    env:
    {{- range $key, $value := .ProxyConfig.ProxyMetadata }}
    - name: {{ $key }}
      value: "{{ $value }}"
    {{- end }}
  {{- end }}
  {{- if .Values.global.proxy_init.resources }}
    resources:
      {{ toYaml .Values.global.proxy_init.resources | indent 4 }}
  {{- else }}
    resources: {}
  {{- end }}
    securityContext:
      allowPrivilegeEscalation: {{ .Values.global.proxy.privileged }}
      privileged: {{ .Values.global.proxy.privileged }}
      capabilities:
    {{- if not .Values.istio_cni.enabled }}
        add:
        - NET_ADMIN
        - NET_RAW
    {{- end }}
        drop:
        - ALL
    {{- if not .Values.istio_cni.enabled }}
      readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
      runAsGroup: 0
      runAsNonRoot: false
      runAsUser: 0
    {{- else }}
      readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
      runAsGroup: 1337
      runAsUser: 1337
      runAsNonRoot: true
    {{- end }}
    restartPolicy: Always
  {{ end -}}
  {{- if eq .Values.global.proxy.enableCoreDump true }}
  - name: enable-core-dump
    args:
    - -c
    - sysctl -w kernel.core_pattern=/var/lib/istio/data/core.proxy && ulimit -c unlimited
    command:
      - /bin/sh
  {{- if contains "/" .Values.global.proxy_init.image }}
    image: "{{ .Values.global.proxy_init.image }}"
  {{- else }}
    image: "{{ .Values.global.hub }}/{{ .Values.global.proxy_init.image }}:{{ .Values.global.tag }}"
  {{- end }}
    imagePullPolicy: "{{ valueOrDefault .Values.global.imagePullPolicy `Always` }}"
    resources: {}
    securityContext:
      allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_ADMIN
        drop:
        - ALL
      privileged: true
      readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
      runAsGroup: 0
      runAsNonRoot: false
      runAsUser: 0
  {{ end }}
  containers:
  - name: istio-proxy
  {{- if contains "/" (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/proxyImage` .Values.global.proxy.image) }}
    image: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/proxyImage` .Values.global.proxy.image }}"
  {{- else }}
    image: "{{ .Values.global.hub }}/{{ .Values.global.proxy.image }}:{{ .Values.global.tag }}"
  {{- end }}
    ports:
    - containerPort: 15090
      protocol: TCP
      name: http-envoy-prom
    args:
    - proxy
    - sidecar
    - --domain
    - $(POD_NAMESPACE).svc.{{ .Values.global.proxy.clusterDomain }}
    - --serviceCluster
    {{ if ne "" (index .ObjectMeta.Labels "app") -}}
    - "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Labels `app` }}.$(POD_NAMESPACE)"
    {{ else -}}
    - "{{ valueOrDefault .DeploymentMeta.Name `istio-proxy` }}.{{ valueOrDefault .DeploymentMeta.Namespace `default` }}"
    {{ end -}}
    - --proxyLogLevel={{ annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/logLevel` .Values.global.proxy.logLevel}}
    - --proxyComponentLogLevel={{ annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/componentLogLevel` .Values.global.proxy.componentLogLevel}}
  {{- if .Values.global.sts.servicePort }}
    - --stsPort={{ .Values.global.sts.servicePort }}
  {{- end }}
  {{- if .Values.global.trustDomain }}
    - --trust-domain={{ .Values.global.trustDomain }}
  {{- end }}
  {{- if .Values.global.logAsJson }}
    - --log_as_json
  {{- end }}
  {{- if gt .ProxyConfig.Concurrency.GetValue 0 }}
    - --concurrency
    - "{{ .ProxyConfig.Concurrency.GetValue }}"
  {{- end -}}
  {{- if .Values.global.proxy.lifecycle }}
    lifecycle:
      {{ toYaml .Values.global.proxy.lifecycle | indent 4 }}
  {{- else if .Values.global.proxy.holdApplicationUntilProxyStarts}}
    lifecycle:
      postStart:
        exec:
          command:
          - pilot-agent
          - wait
  {{- end }}
    env:
    - name: JWT_POLICY
      value: {{ .Values.global.jwtPolicy }}
    - name: PILOT_CERT_PROVIDER
      value: {{ .Values.global.pilotCertProvider }}
    - name: CA_ADDR
    {{- if .Values.global.caAddress }}
      value: {{ .Values.global.caAddress }}
    {{- else }}
      value: istiod{{- if not (eq .Values.revision "") }}-{{ .Values.revision }}{{- end }}.{{ .Values.global.istioNamespace }}.svc:15012
    {{- end }}
    - name: POD_NAME
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: metadata.name
    - name: POD_NAMESPACE
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: metadata.namespace
    - name: INSTANCE_IP
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: status.podIP
    - name: SERVICE_ACCOUNT
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: spec.serviceAccountName
    - name: HOST_IP
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: status.hostIP
    - name: CANONICAL_SERVICE
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: metadata.labels['service.istio.io/canonical-name']
    - name: CANONICAL_REVISION
      valueFrom:
        fieldRef:
          fieldPath: metadata.labels['service.istio.io/canonical-revision']
    - name: PROXY_CONFIG
      value: |
             {{ protoToJSON .ProxyConfig }}
    - name: ISTIO_META_POD_PORTS
      value: |-
        [
        {{- $first := true }}
        {{- range $index1, $c := .Spec.Containers }}
          {{- range $index2, $p := $c.Ports }}
            {{- if (structToJSON $p) }}
            {{if not $first}},{{end}}{{ structToJSON $p }}
            {{- $first = false }}
            {{- end }}
          {{- end}}
        {{- end}}
        ]
    - name: ISTIO_META_APP_CONTAINERS
      value: "{{- range $index, $container := .Spec.Containers }}{{- if ne $index 0}},{{- end}}{{ $container.Name }}{{- end}}"
    - name: ISTIO_META_CLUSTER_ID
      value: "{{ valueOrDefault .Values.global.multiCluster.clusterName `Kubernetes` }}"
    - name: ISTIO_META_INTERCEPTION_MODE
      value: "{{ or (index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode`) .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode.String }}"
    {{- if .Values.global.network }}
    - name: ISTIO_META_NETWORK
      value: "{{ .Values.global.network }}"
    {{- end }}
    {{ if .ObjectMeta.Annotations }}
    - name: ISTIO_METAJSON_ANNOTATIONS
      value: |
             {{ toJSON .ObjectMeta.Annotations }}
    {{ end }}
    {{- if .DeploymentMeta.Name }}
    - name: ISTIO_META_WORKLOAD_NAME
      value: {{ .DeploymentMeta.Name }}
    {{ end }}
    {{- if and .TypeMeta.APIVersion .DeploymentMeta.Name }}
    - name: ISTIO_META_OWNER
      value: kubernetes://apis/{{ .TypeMeta.APIVersion }}/namespaces/{{ valueOrDefault .DeploymentMeta.Namespace `default` }}/{{ toLower .TypeMeta.Kind}}s/{{ .DeploymentMeta.Name }}
    {{- end}}
    {{- if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/bootstrapOverride`) }}
    - name: ISTIO_BOOTSTRAP_OVERRIDE
      value: "/etc/istio/custom-bootstrap/custom_bootstrap.json"
    {{- end }}
    {{- if .Values.global.meshID }}
    - name: ISTIO_META_MESH_ID
      value: "{{ .Values.global.meshID }}"
    {{- else if .Values.global.trustDomain }}
    - name: ISTIO_META_MESH_ID
      value: "{{ .Values.global.trustDomain }}"
    {{- end }}
    {{- if and (eq .Values.global.proxy.tracer "datadog") (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `apm.datadoghq.com/env`) }}
    {{- range $key, $value := fromJSON (index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `apm.datadoghq.com/env`) }}
    - name: {{ $key }}
      value: "{{ $value }}"
    {{- end }}
    {{- end }}
    {{- range $key, $value := .ProxyConfig.ProxyMetadata }}
    - name: {{ $key }}
      value: "{{ $value }}"
    {{- end }}
    imagePullPolicy: "{{ valueOrDefault .Values.global.imagePullPolicy `Always` }}"
    {{ if ne (annotation .ObjectMeta `status.sidecar.istio.io/port` .Values.global.proxy.statusPort) `0` }}
    readinessProbe:
      httpGet:
        path: /healthz/ready
        port: 15021
      initialDelaySeconds: {{ annotation .ObjectMeta `readiness.status.sidecar.istio.io/initialDelaySeconds` .Values.global.proxy.readinessInitialDelaySeconds }}
      periodSeconds: {{ annotation .ObjectMeta `readiness.status.sidecar.istio.io/periodSeconds` .Values.global.proxy.readinessPeriodSeconds }}
      failureThreshold: {{ annotation .ObjectMeta `readiness.status.sidecar.istio.io/failureThreshold` .Values.global.proxy.readinessFailureThreshold }}
    {{ end -}}
    securityContext:
      allowPrivilegeEscalation: {{ .Values.global.proxy.privileged }}
      capabilities:
        {{ if or (eq (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode` .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode) `TPROXY`) (eq (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/capNetBindService` .Values.global.proxy.capNetBindService) `true`) -}}
        add:
        {{ if eq (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode` .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode) `TPROXY` -}}
        - NET_ADMIN
        {{- end }}
        {{ if eq (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/capNetBindService` .Values.global.proxy.capNetBindService) `true` -}}
        - NET_BIND_SERVICE
        {{- end }}
        {{- end }}
        drop:
        - ALL
      privileged: {{ .Values.global.proxy.privileged }}
      readOnlyRootFilesystem: {{ not .Values.global.proxy.enableCoreDump }}
      runAsGroup: 1337
      fsGroup: 1337
      {{ if or (eq (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode` .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode) `TPROXY`) (eq (annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/capNetBindService` .Values.global.proxy.capNetBindService) `true`) -}}
      runAsNonRoot: false
      runAsUser: 0
      {{- else -}}
      runAsNonRoot: true
      runAsUser: 1337
      {{- end }}
    resources:
  {{- if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPU`) (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemory`) (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPULimit`) (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemoryLimit`) }}
    {{- if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPU`) (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemory`) }}
      requests:
        {{ if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPU`) -}}
        cpu: "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPU` }}"
        {{ end }}
        {{ if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemory`) -}}
        memory: "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemory` }}"
        {{ end }}
    {{- end }}
    {{- if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPULimit`) (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemoryLimit`) }}
      limits:
        {{ if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPULimit`) -}}
        cpu: "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyCPULimit` }}"
        {{ end }}
        {{ if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemoryLimit`) -}}
        memory: "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/proxyMemoryLimit` }}"
        {{ end }}
    {{- end }}
  {{- else }}
    {{- if .Values.global.proxy.resources }}
      {{ toYaml .Values.global.proxy.resources | indent 4 }}
    {{- end }}
  {{- end }}
    volumeMounts:
    {{- if eq .Values.global.pilotCertProvider "istiod" }}
    - mountPath: /var/run/secrets/istio
      name: istiod-ca-cert
    {{- end }}
    - mountPath: /var/lib/istio/data
      name: istio-data
    {{ if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/bootstrapOverride`) }}
    - mountPath: /etc/istio/custom-bootstrap
      name: custom-bootstrap-volume
    {{- end }}
    # SDS channel between istioagent and Envoy
    - mountPath: /etc/istio/proxy
      name: istio-envoy
    {{- if eq .Values.global.jwtPolicy "third-party-jwt" }}
    - mountPath: /var/run/secrets/tokens
      name: istio-token
    {{- end }}
    {{- if .Values.global.mountMtlsCerts }}
    # Use the key and cert mounted to /etc/certs/ for the in-cluster mTLS communications.
    - mountPath: /etc/certs/
      name: istio-certs
      readOnly: true
    {{- end }}
    - name: istio-podinfo
      mountPath: /etc/istio/pod
     {{- if and (eq .Values.global.proxy.tracer "lightstep") .ProxyConfig.GetTracing.GetTlsSettings }}
    - mountPath: {{ directory .ProxyConfig.GetTracing.GetTlsSettings.GetCaCertificates }}
      name: lightstep-certs
      readOnly: true
    {{- end }}
      {{- if isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/userVolumeMount` }}
      {{ range $index, $value := fromJSON (index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/userVolumeMount`) }}
    - name: "{{  $index }}"
      {{ toYaml $value | indent 4 }}
      {{ end }}
      {{- end }}
  {{- if .ProxyConfig.ProxyMetadata.ISTIO_META_DNS_CAPTURE }}
  dnsConfig:
    options:
    - name: "ndots"
      value: "4"
  {{- end }}
  volumes:
  {{- if (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/bootstrapOverride`) }}
  - name: custom-bootstrap-volume
    configMap:
      name: {{ annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/bootstrapOverride` "" }}
  {{- end }}
  # SDS channel between istioagent and Envoy
  - emptyDir:
      medium: Memory
    name: istio-envoy
  - name: istio-data
    emptyDir: {}
  - name: istio-podinfo
    downwardAPI:
      items:
        - path: "labels"
          fieldRef:
            fieldPath: metadata.labels
        - path: "annotations"
          fieldRef:
            fieldPath: metadata.annotations
  {{- if eq .Values.global.jwtPolicy "third-party-jwt" }}
  - name: istio-token
    projected:
      sources:
      - serviceAccountToken:
          path: istio-token
          expirationSeconds: 43200
          audience: {{ .Values.global.sds.token.aud }}
  {{- end }}
  {{- if eq .Values.global.pilotCertProvider "istiod" }}
  - name: istiod-ca-cert
    configMap:
      name: istio-ca-root-cert
  {{- end }}
  {{- if .Values.global.mountMtlsCerts }}
  # Use the key and cert mounted to /etc/certs/ for the in-cluster mTLS communications.
  - name: istio-certs
    secret:
      optional: true
      {{ if eq .Spec.ServiceAccountName "" }}
      secretName: istio.default
      {{ else -}}
      secretName: {{  printf "istio.%s" .Spec.ServiceAccountName }}
      {{  end -}}
  {{- end }}
    {{- if isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/userVolume` }}
    {{range $index, $value := fromJSON (index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `sidecar.istio.io/userVolume`) }}
  - name: "{{ $index }}"
    {{ toYaml $value | indent 2 }}
    {{ end }}
    {{ end }}
  {{- if and (eq .Values.global.proxy.tracer "lightstep") .ProxyConfig.GetTracing.GetTlsSettings }}
  - name: lightstep-certs
    secret:
      optional: true
      secretName: lightstep.cacert
  {{- end }}
  {{- if .Values.global.podDNSSearchNamespaces }}
  dnsConfig:
    searches:
      {{- range .Values.global.podDNSSearchNamespaces }}
      - {{ render . }}
      {{- end }}
  {{- end }}
  podRedirectAnnot:
  {{- if and (.Values.istio_cni.enabled) (not .Values.istio_cni.chained) }}
  {{ if isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks` }}
    k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks: "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks`}}, istio-cni"
  {{- else }}
    k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks: "istio-cni"
  {{- end }}
  {{- end }}
    sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `sidecar.istio.io/interceptionMode` .ProxyConfig.InterceptionMode }}"
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundIPRanges: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundIPRanges` .Values.global.proxy.includeIPRanges }}"
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundIPRanges: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundIPRanges` .Values.global.proxy.excludeIPRanges }}"
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeInboundPorts: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeInboundPorts` (includeInboundPorts .Spec.Containers) }}"
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeInboundPorts: "{{ excludeInboundPort (annotation .ObjectMeta `status.sidecar.istio.io/port` .Values.global.proxy.statusPort) (annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeInboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.excludeInboundPorts) }}"
  {{ if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundPorts`) (ne (valueOrDefault .Values.global.proxy.includeOutboundPorts "") "") }}
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundPorts: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/includeOutboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.includeOutboundPorts }}"
  {{- end }}
  {{ if or (isset .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundPorts`) (ne .Values.global.proxy.excludeOutboundPorts "") }}
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundPorts: "{{ annotation .ObjectMeta `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/excludeOutboundPorts` .Values.global.proxy.excludeOutboundPorts }}"
  {{- end }}
    traffic.sidecar.istio.io/kubevirtInterfaces: "{{ index .ObjectMeta.Annotations `traffic.sidecar.istio.io/kubevirtInterfaces` }}"
  {{- if .Values.global.imagePullSecrets }}
  imagePullSecrets:
    {{- range .Values.global.imagePullSecrets }}
    - name: {{ . }}
    {{- end }}
  {{- end }}
values:
----
{
  "global": {
    "arch": {
      "amd64": 2,
      "ppc64le": 2,
      "s390x": 2
    },
    "caAddress": "",
    "centralIstiod": false,
    "configValidation": true,
    "controlPlaneSecurityEnabled": true,
    "createRemoteSvcEndpoints": false,
    "defaultNodeSelector": {},
    "defaultPodDisruptionBudget": {
      "enabled": true
    },
    "defaultResources": {
      "requests": {
        "cpu": "10m"
      }
    },
    "enableHelmTest": false,
    "enabled": true,
    "hub": "docker.io/istio",
    "imagePullPolicy": "",
    "imagePullSecrets": [],
    "istioNamespace": "istio-system",
    "istiod": {
      "enableAnalysis": false
    },
    "jwtPolicy": "third-party-jwt",
    "logAsJson": false,
    "logging": {
      "level": "default:info"
    },
    "meshExpansion": {
      "enabled": false,
      "useILB": false
    },
    "meshID": "",
    "meshNetworks": {},
    "mountMtlsCerts": false,
    "multiCluster": {
      "clusterName": "",
      "enabled": false
    },
    "namespace": "istio-system",
    "network": "",
    "omitSidecarInjectorConfigMap": false,
    "oneNamespace": false,
    "operatorManageWebhooks": false,
    "pilotCertProvider": "istiod",
    "policyNamespace": "istio-system",
    "priorityClassName": "",
    "proxy": {
      "autoInject": "enabled",
      "clusterDomain": "cluster.local",
      "componentLogLevel": "misc:error",
      "enableCoreDump": false,
      "excludeIPRanges": "",
      "excludeInboundPorts": "",
      "excludeOutboundPorts": "",
      "holdApplicationUntilProxyStarts": false,
      "image": "proxyv2",
      "includeIPRanges": "*",
      "logLevel": "warning",
      "privileged": false,
      "readinessFailureThreshold": 30,
      "readinessInitialDelaySeconds": 1,
      "readinessPeriodSeconds": 2,
      "resources": {
        "limits": {
          "cpu": "2000m",
          "memory": "1024Mi"
        },
        "requests": {
          "cpu": "100m",
          "memory": "128Mi"
        }
      },
      "statusPort": 15020,
      "tracer": "zipkin"
    },
    "proxy_init": {
      "image": "proxyv2",
      "resources": {
        "limits": {
          "cpu": "2000m",
          "memory": "1024Mi"
        },
        "requests": {
          "cpu": "10m",
          "memory": "10Mi"
        }
      }
    },
    "remotePilotAddress": "",
    "remotePolicyAddress": "",
    "remoteTelemetryAddress": "",
    "sds": {
      "token": {
        "aud": "istio-ca"
      }
    },
    "sts": {
      "servicePort": 0
    },
    "tag": "1.7.3",
    "telemetryNamespace": "istio-system",
    "tracer": {
      "datadog": {
        "address": "$(HOST_IP):8126"
      },
      "lightstep": {
        "accessToken": "",
        "address": ""
      },
      "stackdriver": {
        "debug": false,
        "maxNumberOfAnnotations": 200,
        "maxNumberOfAttributes": 200,
        "maxNumberOfMessageEvents": 200
      },
      "zipkin": {
        "address": ""
      }
    },
    "trustDomain": "cluster.local",
    "useMCP": false
  },
  "istio_cni": {
    "enabled": false
  },
  "revision": "",
  "sidecarInjectorWebhook": {
    "alwaysInjectSelector": [],
    "enableNamespacesByDefault": false,
    "injectLabel": "istio-injection",
    "injectedAnnotations": {},
    "neverInjectSelector": [],
    "objectSelector": {
      "autoInject": true,
      "enabled": false
    },
    "rewriteAppHTTPProbe": true
  }
}

    通过配置文件，包含以下内容：

    全局设置

    包含tracing ，是否启用istio-cni等配置项。

    template

    包括 istio-init ，istio-proxy 和 enable-core-dump 容器模板。

    policy

    默认为enabled。关于Policy有以下两种可能值：

    • disabled：sidecar 注入器默认不会注入到 pod 中。添加pod模板定义中的注解 sidecar.istio.io/inject 值为 true会启用注入功能。
    • enabled：sidecar 注入器默认会注入到 pod 中。添加pod模板定义中的注解 sidecar.istio.io/inject 值为 false会禁止注入功能。 ​

    从应用容器到 Sidecar 代理的流量

    既然我们已经清楚了如何将 sidecar 容器和 init 容器注入到应用清单中，那么 sidecar 代理如何捕获容器之间的入站和出站流量？我们曾简要提到过，这是通过在 pod 命名空间中设置iptable规则来完成的，而规则又是由istio-init容器完成的。

    istio-iptables -p PORT -u UID -g GID [-m mode] [-b ports] [-d ports] [-i CIDR] [-x CIDR] [-h]
  -p: 指定重定向所有 TCP 流量的 Envoy 端口（默认为 $ENVOY_PORT = 15001）
  -u: 指定未应用重定向的用户的 UID。通常，这是代理容器的 UID（默认为 $ENVOY_USER 的 uid，istio_proxy 的 uid 或 1337）
  -g: 指定未应用重定向的用户的 GID。（与 -u param 相同的默认值）
  -m: 指定入站连接重定向到 Envoy 的模式，“REDIRECT” 或 “TPROXY”（默认为 $ISTIO_INBOUND_INTERCEPTION_MODE)
  -b: 逗号分隔的入站端口列表，其流量将重定向到 Envoy（可选）。使用通配符 “*” 表示重定向所有端口。为空时表示禁用所有入站重定向（默认为 $ISTIO_INBOUND_PORTS）
  -d: 指定要从重定向到 Envoy 中排除（可选）的入站端口列表，以逗号格式分隔。使用通配符“*” 表示重定向所有入站流量（默认为 $ISTIO_LOCAL_EXCLUDE_PORTS）
  -i: 指定重定向到 Envoy（可选）的 IP 地址范围，以逗号分隔的 CIDR 格式列表。使用通配符 “*” 表示重定向所有出站流量。空列表将禁用所有出站重定向（默认为 $ISTIO_SERVICE_CIDR）
  -x: 指定将从重定向中排除的 IP 地址范围，以逗号分隔的 CIDR 格式列表。使用通配符 “*” 表示重定向所有出站流量（默认为 $ISTIO_SERVICE_EXCLUDE_CIDR）。
  -z: 所有进入 pod/VM 的 TCP 流量应被重定向到的端口

    我们通过一个helloworld 示例项目，init容器执行了如下命令：

     - istio-iptables
    - -p
    - "15001"
    - -z
    - "15006"
    - -u
    - "1337"
    - -m
    - REDIRECT
    - -i
    - '*'
    - -x
    - ""
    - -b
    - '*'
    - -d
    - 15090,15021,15020

    结合上面的规则，可以看出，除15090,15021,15020端口外，所有出站流量都被重定向到15001端口，所有入站流量都被重定向到15006端口。

    istiokubernetes
    iyacontrol
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