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数据图表前端组件在物联网和实时监控的场景有广泛的应用,当前比较流行的有Echarts、HighCharts等组件。本文主要讲解如何通过DolphinDB的Web数据接口和JavaScript来展示 DolphinDB time-series database 的数据。

DolphinDB提供了基于HTTPS协议的接口,可以通过HTTP的post方式提交查询语句并返回JSON格式的结果。具体用法可以参考DolphinDB Web API

DolphinDB的返回数据格式是列式的JSON字符串。例如,一个表返回JSON如下:

{
    "sessionID": "3691974869",
    "userId": "admin",
    "resultCode": "0",
    "msg": "",
    "object": [{
        "name": "",
        "form": "table",
        "size": "11",
        "value": [{
            "name": "second_time",
            "form": "vector",
            "type": "second",
            "size": "11",
            "value": ["13:03:50", "13:03:51", "13:03:52", "13:03:53", "13:03:54", "13:03:55", "13:03:56", "13:03:57", "13:03:58", "13:03:59", "13:04:00"]
        }, {
            "name": "ec",
            "form": "vector",
            "type": "double",
            "size": "11",
            "value": [1.019094, 0.971753, 0.962792, 1.014048, 0.991746, 1.016851, 0.98674, 1.00463, 0.991642, 1.018987, 1.008604]
        }]
    }]
}

Echarts前端组件所需的数据格式如下:

option = {
    xAxis: {
        data: ["13:03:50", "13:03:51", "13:03:52", "13:03:53", "13:03:54", "13:03:55", "13:03:56", "13:03:57", "13:03:58", "13:03:59", "13:04:00"]
    },
    yAxis: {
        type: 'value'
    },
    series: [{
        data: [1.019094, 0.971753, 0.962792, 1.014048, 0.991746, 1.016851, 0.98674, 1.00463, 0.991642, 1.018987, 1.008604],
        type: 'line'
    }]
};

从两者的结构来看,只需要将DolphinDB的返回结果稍作转换即可满足Echarts的数据格式规范。使用DolphinDB Web API开发包可以使转换更加简单。

下面通过例子介绍如何使用Echarts和HighCharts组件来展示DolphinDB中的数据。

  1. Echarts代码示例

假设以下场景:工厂有10台设备,每一毫秒采集温度值数据并写入DolphinDB分布式数据表中,并在网页中展示出每秒钟平均温度线状图。

在DolphinDB中通过脚本模拟生成10秒钟的数据。

data = table(100000:0, `devId`time`ec,[INT,TIMESTAMP,DOUBLE]);
data.tableInsert(take(1..10,10000),add((1..10000),now()) , norm(1,0.5,10000))
share data as iotTable

通过JavaScript脚本从DolphinDB获取数据,并转换为Echarts所需的格式。这里使用了DolphinDB JavaScript的接口开发包(下载地址:https://github.com/dolphindb/api-json),并引入DolphinDBConnection.js和DolphinDBEntity.js两个js文件。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
    <script src="DBConnection.js"></script>
    <script src="DolphinDBEntity.js"></script>
    <script src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/echarts-all-3.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="main" style="width: 600px;height:400px;"></div>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
        var conn = new DolphinDBConnection('http://localhost:8848');
        //向DolphinDB发送查询脚本,并获取返回的数据
        conn.run("select avg(ec) as ec from iotTable group by second(time)", function(re){
        if(re.resultCode&&re.resultCode=="1"){
            alert(re.msg);
        } else {
            jobj = new DolphinDBEntity(re).toVector();//将返回结果转换成列数据
            var time = jobj[0].value;
            var ecdata = jobj[1].value;
            var option = {
                title: {
                    text: '设备温度'
                },
                xAxis: {
                    data: time
                },
                yAxis: {},
                series: [{
                    name: '温度',
                    type: 'line',
                    data: ecdata
                }]
            };
            myChart.setOption(option);
        }
    });
        
    </script>
</body>

代码运行的结果如下图所示:

  1. HighCharts代码示例

使用HighCharts展示DolphinDB数据的方式与Echarts类似。下面是HighCharts的示例脚本。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZosEbRLbNQzLpnKIkEdrPv7lOy9C27hHQ+Xp8a4MxAQ=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
    <script src="DolphinDBConnection.js"></script>
    <script src="DolphinDBEntity.js"></script>
    <script src="http://cdn.highcharts.com.cn/highcharts/highcharts.js"></script>
    <script src="https://code.highcharts.com.cn/highcharts-plugins/highcharts-zh_CN.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="main" style="width: 600px;height:400px;"></div>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        var conn = new DolphinDBConnection('http://localhost:8848');
        //向DolphinDB发送查询脚本,并获取返回的数据
        conn.run("select avg(ec) as ec from iotTable group by second(time)", function(re){
        if(re.resultCode&&re.resultCode=="1"){
            alert(re.msg);
        } else {
            jobj = new DolphinDBEntity(re).toVector();//将返回结果转换成列数据
            var time = jobj[0].value;
            var ecdata = jobj[1].value;
            var option = {
                    chart: {
                    type: 'line'
                    },
                    title: {
                        text: '温度'
                    },
                    xAxis: {
                        categories: time
                    },
                yAxis: {
                    title: {
                        text: '温度'
                    }
                },
                 series: [{
                    name: '平均温度',
                    data: ecdata
                }]
            };
            var chart = Highcharts.chart('main', option);

        }
    });
    
    </script>
</body>
</html>

运行结果如下图所示:


使用过程中有任何问题,可以加入DolphinDB技术交流群,智臾科技:DolphinDB技术交流群,内含二维码


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