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头图

初始化项目

脚手架用的是vue-cli,vite还不太稳定,很多第三方库也存在兼容问题,为了能正常在实际项目中使用,还是选择了vue-cli

如果不是最新的脚手架,就需要重新安装一下了:

npm install -g @vue/cli
# OR
yarn global add @vue/cli

创建项目:

vue create vue3-ts-template

// 选择Manually select features 

composition-api ([Vue 2] router, vuex, less, babel, eslint) 
Default ([Vue 2] babel, eslint) 
Default (Vue 3 Preview) ([Vue 3] babel, eslint) 
✅ Manually select features 
  • [x] Choose Vue version
  • [x] Babel
  • [x] TypeScript
  • [ ] Progressive Web App (PWA) Support
  • [x] Router
  • [x] Vuex
  • [x] CSS Pre-processors
  • [x] Linter / Formatter
  • [ ] Unit Testing
  • [ ] E2E Testing

然后 Vue 选 3.0, css预处理器,看个人习惯,sass,less,stylus都可以。

创建完项目,把那些不需要的页面例如:helloword删了就行了,有一个shims-vue.d.ts 得留着。

安装 ElementPlus

yarn add element-plus

// main.ts

import ElementPlus from 'element-plus';
import 'element-plus/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';

const app = createApp(App);
app.use(ElementPlus);
app.mount('#app');

登录页面

页面内容没什么好说的,想怎么画就怎么画。

<el-form ref="ruleForm" :model="form">
    <el-form-item prop="email" :rules="{required:true, message:'请输入账号', trigger:'change'}">
        <el-input placeholder="请输入账号" v-model="form.email"></el-input>
    </el-form-item>
    <el-form-item prop="pass" :rules="{required:true, message:'请输入密码', trigger:'change'}">
        <el-input type="password" placeholder="请输入密码" v-model="form.pass"></el-input>
    </el-form-item>
    <el-form-item>
        <el-button class="width100" type="primary" @click="onSubmit">登陆</el-button>
    </el-form-item>
</el-form>

说说验证吧!ElementPlus 官方文档里面,还是按照Vue2.x的方式optionsApi写的:

但是我们既然采用了vue3,还是要紧跟时代步伐:

import { defineComponent, toRefs, reactive, ref } from 'vue';
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router';

interface UserForm {
    email: string;
    pass: string | number;
}

export default defineComponent({
    setup () {
        const router = useRouter();
        const state = reactive({
            form: {
                email: 'admin',
                pass: 'admin123'
            } as UserForm,
            ruleForm: ref<any>(null)
        });
        const onSubmit = () => {
            // ruleForm.value.validate
            state.ruleForm.validate().then((valid: boolean) => {
                if (valid) {
                    if (state.form.email === 'admin') {
                        router.push({ path: '/' });
                    }
                }
            });
        };

        return {
            ...toRefs(state),
            onSubmit
        };
    }
});
  1. <el-form ref="ruleForm"> 绑定
  2. ruleForm: ref<any>(null) 声明ruleForm,并返回
  3. state.ruleForm.validate() 而不是 state.ruleForm.value.validate()

布局

<div :class="['wrapper',isCollapse?'hideSidebar':'']">
    <el-container>
      <el-aside :width="isCollapse?'64px':'210px'">
        <sidebar/>
      </el-aside>
      <el-container>
        <el-header height="50px">
          <topbar @reload="handleReload"/>
        </el-header>
        <el-main>
          <breadcrumb/>
          <div v-if="isRouterAlive">
            <app-main/>
          </div>
        </el-main>
        <el-footer>Footer</el-footer>
      </el-container>
    </el-container>
</div>

刷新页面

布局全凭自己喜欢,我这里采用最简单,最常见的布局。这里做了一个刷新主要内容的功能。

setup() {
  const isRouterAlive = ref<boolean>(true);
  const handleReload = () => {
    isRouterAlive.value = false;
    nextTick(() => {
        isRouterAlive.value = true;
    });
  };
  return {handleReload}
}

网页全屏

yarn add screenfull
import screenfull, { Screenfull } from 'screenfull';

setup() {
    const change = () => {
            fullscreen.value = (screenfull as Screenfull).isFullscreen;
        };
    // 全屏事件
    const handleFullScreen = () => {
        if (!screenfull.isEnabled) {
            // 如果不允许进入全屏,发出不允许提示
            ElMessage({
                message: '暂不不支持全屏',
                type: 'warning'
            });
            return false;
        }
        screenfull.toggle();
    };
    if (screenfull.isEnabled) {
        screenfull.on('change', change);
    }
}
要引入 Screenfull 这个接口,并做一下类型断言(screenfull as Screenfull),不这样ts编译通不过。

引入axios

yarn add axios
import axios, { AxiosResponse, AxiosRequestConfig } from 'axios';
import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus';
const instance = axios.create({
    baseURL: process.env.VUE_APP_API_BASE_URL || '',
    timeout: 120 * 1000,
    withCredentials: true
});

const err = (error) => {
    if (error.message.includes('timeout')) {
        // console.log('error---->',error.config)
        ElMessage({
            message: '请求超时,请刷新网页重试',
            type: 'error'
        });
    }
    if (error.response) {
        const data = error.response.data;
        const token = '';
        if (error.response.status === 403) {
            ElMessage({
                message: 'Forbidden',
                type: 'error'
            });
        }
        if (error.response.status === 401 && !(data.result && data.result.isLogin)) {
            ElMessage({
                message: 'Unauthorized',
                type: 'error'
            });
            if (token) {
                // store.dispatch('Logout').then(() => {
                //     setTimeout(() => {
                //         window.location.reload();
                //     }, 1500);
                // });
            }
        }
    }
    return Promise.reject(error);
};
instance.interceptors.request.use((config: AxiosRequestConfig) => {
    return config;
}, err);

instance.interceptors.response.use((response: AxiosResponse) => {
    console.log(response);
    const config: AxiosRequestConfig = response.config || '';

    const code = Number(response.data.status);
    if (code === 200) {
        if (config && config.successNotice) {
            ElMessage({
                message: response.data.msg,
                type: 'success'
            });
        }
        return response.data;
    } else {
        let errCode = [402, 403];
        if (errCode.includes(response.data.code)) {
            ElMessage({
                message: response.data.msg || '没有权限',
                type: 'warning'
            });
            setTimeout(() => {
                window.location.reload();
            }, 500);
        }
    }
}, err);

export default instance;

这个axios二次封装就见仁见智了,看你们的业务和习惯,我只提供一个示例。

挂载到全局:

import axios from '@/utils/request';

app.config.globalProperties.$http = axios;

// 使用

import { getCurrentInstance } from 'vue';
const { ctx } = getCurrentInstance() as any;

ctx.$http(...).then(...)

这里需要说明一点的是,如果引入AxiosResponse, AxiosRequestConfig这两个接口来做类型判断。要是在config中定义了一些额外的参数,又要使用就需要定义一个声明文件了。

我在config中定义了successNoticeerrorNotice分别来判断请求成功和失败是否需要提示信息,并且它们都是非必填。

// shims.axios.d.ts
import { AxiosRequestConfig } from 'axios';

declare module 'axios' {
  export interface AxiosRequestConfig {
    successNotice? : boolean,
    errorNotice? : boolean
  }
}

二次封装组件

为了更方便快捷的写业务,可以二次封装一些组件,简化操作。

Table 表格

<template>
<div>
    <el-table
        border
        v-bind="$attrs"
        :data="data"
        :rowKey="rowKey"
        size='small'
        :onSelectionChange="handleSelectionChange"
    >
        <el-table-column v-if="allowSelect" type="selection" width="55"></el-table-column>
        <template v-for="item in columns" :key="item.prop">
            <el-table-column v-bind="item" v-if="item.slot" >
                <template v-slot:header>
                    <slot :name="item.slot.header">{{item.label || '自定义header'}}</slot>
                </template>
                <template v-slot:default="scope">
                    <slot :name="item.slot.body" :data="scope.row">{{scope.row[item.prop] || '需要自定义' }}</slot>
                </template>
            </el-table-column>
            <el-table-column v-else v-bind="item"></el-table-column>
        </template>
        <slot/>
    </el-table>
    <HeroPaging
        v-if="showPaging"
        class="marginT10 text-right"
        :pagination="pagination"
        @pagingChange="handlePagingChange"/>
</div>
</template>

<script>
import { defineComponent, PropType } from 'vue';
import HeroPaging from '../HeroPaging/index';
export default defineComponent({
    components: { HeroPaging },
    props: {
        // 数据
        data: {
            type: Array,
            default: () => []
        },
        // 表格项
        columns: {
            type: Array,
            default: () => []
        },
        // 绑定key
        rowKey: {
            type: String,
            default: 'id'
        },
        // 分页信息
        pagination: {
            type: Object,
            default: () => {
                return {
                    page: 1,
                    pageSize: 10,
                    total: 100
                };
            }
        },
        // 是否可选
        allowSelect: {
            type: Boolean,
            default: false
        },
        // 是否分页
        showPaging: {
            type: Boolean,
            default: true
        }
    },
    setup (props, { emit, slots, attrs }) {
        let multipleSelection = [];
        const handleSelectionChange = (val) => {
            multipleSelection = val;
            emit('select', multipleSelection);
        };
        const handlePagingChange = (option) => {
            emit('pagingChange', option);
        };
        return {
            handleSelectionChange,
            handlePagingChange
        };
    }
});
</script>

在一些常见的业务场景下,用起来就比较方便了:

<HeroTable
    :allowSelect="true"
    :data="tableData"
    :columns="columns"
    @select="handleSelect"
    @pagingChange="handlePagingChange"
>
    <template v-slot:dateHeader>
        <el-tag type="success">日期</el-tag>
    </template>
    <template v-slot:date="scope" >
        {{scope.data.date}}自定义slot
    </template>
    <template v-slot:action="scope">
        <span class="btn" @click="handleCLick('edit', scope.data)">编辑</span >
        <el-divider direction="vertical"></el-divider>
        <span class="btn red" @click="handleCLick('del', scope.data)">删除</span>
    </template>
</HeroTable>

<script>
const columns = [
    { prop: 'date', label: '日期', fixed: true, width: 200, slot: { body: 'date', header: 'dateHeader' } },
    { prop: 'name', label: '姓名', width: 200 },
    { prop: 'address', label: '地址', width: 500 },
    { prop: 'class', label: '班级', width: 200 },
    { prop: 'school', label: '学校', width: 200 },
    { prop: '', label: '操作', width: 110, slot: { body: 'action' }, fixed: 'right' }
];
</script>

Form 表单

<template>
  <div>
    <el-form ref="formRef" label-suffix=":" :model="form" :label-width="labelWidth">
      <el-form-item
      v-for="item in formJson"
      :key="item.val"
      :label="item.label"
      :prop="item.val"
      :rules="{required: item.require, message:item.errMsg || item.placeholder || item.label + '是必填项', trigger:'change'}"
      >
        <template v-if="['input','textarea'].includes(item.type)">
          <el-input :type="item.type" v-bind="item.other" v-model="form[item.val]" :placeholder="item.placeholder"></el-input>
        </template>
        <template v-if="item.type === 'select'">
          <el-select v-bind="item.other" v-model="form[item.val]" placeholder="">
            <el-option
              v-for="op in item.options"
              :key="op[item.selectVal]"
              :label="op[item.selectLabel]"
              :value="op[item.selectVal]">
            </el-option>
          </el-select>
        </template>
        <template v-if="item.type === 'date'">
          <HeroDatePicker v-bind="item.other" v-model="form[item.val]"/>
        </template>
        <template v-if="item.type === 'radio'">
          <el-radio-group v-bind="item.other" v-model="form[item.val]">
            <el-radio v-for="op in item.options" :key="op[item.selectVal]" :label="op[item.selectVal]">{{op[item.selectLabel]}}</el-radio>
          </el-radio-group>
        </template>
        <template v-if="item.type === 'checkbox'">
          <el-checkbox-group v-bind="item.other" v-model="form[item.val]">
            <el-checkbox v-for="op in item.options" :key="op[item.selectVal]" :label="op[item.selectVal]">{{op[item.selectLabel]}}</el-checkbox>
          </el-checkbox-group>
        </template>
        <template v-if="item.type === 'switch'">
          <el-switch
            v-bind="item.other"
            v-model="form[item.val]">
          </el-switch>
        </template>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import { computed, defineComponent, reactive, toRefs, ref, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue';
import HeroDatePicker from '@/components/HeroDatePicker/index';
export default defineComponent({
    components: { HeroDatePicker },
    props: {
        labelWidth: {
            type: String,
            default: '90px'
        },
        formJson: {
            type: Array,
            default: () => []
        },
        modelValue: {
            type: Object,
            default: () => ({})
        }
    },
    setup (props, { emit }) {
        const formRef = ref(null);
        const state = reactive({
            form: computed(() => props.modelValue)
        });
        watch(() => state.form, (val) => {
            emit('update:modelValue', val);
        }, { deep: true });

        const validate = () => {
            return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
                formRef.value.validate().then((valid) => {
                    resolve(valid);
                }).catch(err => { reject(err); });
            });
        };

        return {
            ...toRefs(state),
            validate,
            formRef
        };
    }
});
</script>

<HeroForm ref="formRef" :formJson="formJson" v-model="form"/>
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">提交</el-button>


steup() {
const formJson = [
    {
        require: true,
        type: 'input',
        label: '姓名',
        placeholder: '请输入姓名',
        val: 'name',
        other: { style: 'width:220px' }
    },
    {
        require: true,
        type: 'select',
        label: '年级',
        placeholder: '请选择年级',
        val: 'grade',
        selectLabel: 'label',
        selectVal: 'val',
        options: [{ val: 1, label: '一年级' }, { val: 2, label: '二年级' }]
    },
    ....
]
}

这里需要提的一点是,自定义组件的v-model实现。

vue2的实现方式:

<ChildComponent v-model="pageTitle" />

// ChildComponent.vue
export default {
  model: {
    prop: 'title',
    event: 'change'
  },
  props: {
    // 这将允许 `value` 属性用于其他用途
    value: String,
    // 使用 `title` 代替 `value` 作为 model 的 prop
    title: {
      type: String,
      default: 'Default title'
    }
  }
}

vue3的实现方式:

<ChildComponent v-model="pageTitle" />

// ChildComponent.vue
export default {
  props: {
    modelValue: String // 以前是`value:String`
  },
  methods: {
    changePageTitle(title) {
      this.$emit('update:modelValue', title) // 以前是 `this.$emit('input', title)`
    }
  }
}

更多具体介绍可前往官网

DatePicker 时间选择器

DatePicker 为啥要封装一下?因为官方把value-format这个功能取消了(可以看看这个issues),所以每次都要自己去转化一次时间格式,太麻烦。

<!--
format: https://day.js.org/docs/zh-CN/display/format
-->
<template>
  <div>
    <el-date-picker
      v-bind="$attrs"
      v-model="value"
      :type="type"
      start-placeholder="开始日期"
      end-placeholder="结束日期"
      placeholder="选择日期">
    </el-date-picker>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import { defineComponent, watch, reactive, toRefs } from 'vue';
import dayjs from 'dayjs';
export default defineComponent({
    props: {
        type: {
            type: String,
            default: 'date'
        },
        modelValue: {
            type: [String, Object, Array],
            default: ''
        },
        valueFormat: {
            type: String,
            default: 'YYYY-MM-DD'
        }
    },
    setup (props, { emit }) {
        const state = reactive({
            value: props.modelValue || ''
        });
        watch(() => state.value, (val) => {
            let formatVal = null;
            if (Array.isArray(val)) {
                formatVal = [dayjs(val[0]).format(props.valueFormat), dayjs(val[1]).format(props.valueFormat)];
            } else {
                formatVal = dayjs(val).format(props.valueFormat);
            }
            console.log(formatVal);
            emit('update:modelValue', formatVal);
        });
        return {
            ...toRefs(state)
        };
    }
});
</script>
elemment-plus 已经把moment换成了dayjs,我们不需要再安装就可以直接使用。

二次封装呀,我觉得有一点很重要,我们不可能把原来组件的所有props都穷举一遍,所以加上v-bind="$attrs"可以省很多事。

最后

这只是个简单的模板,可以用熟悉一下Vue3 和 Ts,要想在实际开发中使用,还是要慎重。

仓库地址:vue3_elementPlus_ts


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