package com.nasuf.pattern.singleton;

/**
 * 单例模式
 */
public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Singleton1 singleton1 = Singleton1.getInstance();
        Singleton1 singleton2 = Singleton1.getInstance();
        System.out.println(singleton1 == singleton2);   // true
        System.out.println(singleton1.hashCode());  // 621009875
        System.out.println(singleton2.hashCode());  // 621009875
    }
}

/**
 * 饿汉式一
 * 优点:简单,在类加载时完成实例化,避免了线程同步问题
 * 缺点:在类加载时完成实例化,没有达到懒加载效果,如果从未使用过这个实例,则会造成内存浪费
 */
class Singleton1 {
    private Singleton1() {
    }

    private final static Singleton1 instance = new Singleton1();

    public static Singleton1 getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 饿汉式二
 * 优点:简单,在类加载时完成实例化,避免了线程同步问题
 * 缺点:在类加载时完成实例化,没有达到懒加载效果,如果从未使用过这个实例,则会造成内存浪费
 */
class Singleton2 {
    private Singleton2() {
    }

    private static Singleton2 instance;

    static {
        instance = new Singleton2();
    }

    public static Singleton2 getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 懒汉式一
 * 优点:懒加载效果
 * 缺点:线程不安全,只能应用在单线程情况下
 */
class Singleton3 {
    private Singleton3() {
    }

    private static Singleton3 instance;

    public static Singleton3 getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Singleton3();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 懒汉式二
 * 优点:懒加载效果,线程安全
 * 缺点:效率低,每个线程在想获得类的实例时,执行getInstance方法都要进行同步
 */
class Singleton4 {
    private Singleton4() {
    }

    private static Singleton4 instance;

    public static synchronized Singleton4 getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Singleton4();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 懒汉式三
 * 缺点:线程不安全,效率低,每个线程在想获得类的实例时,执行getInstance方法都要进行同步
 */
class Singleton5 {
    private Singleton5() {
    }

    private static Singleton5 instance;

    public static Singleton5 getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (Singleton5.class) {
                instance = new Singleton5();
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 双重检查(推荐使用)
 */
class Singleton6 {
    private Singleton6() {
    }

    private static volatile Singleton6 instance;

    public static Singleton6 getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (Singleton6.class) {
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new Singleton6();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 静态内部类(推荐使用)
 * 外部类装载时,静态内部类不会被装载;内部类只会被装载一次,在类进行初始化时,其他线程无法进入
 * 保证了线程安全;
 */

class Singleton7 {
    private Singleton7() {
    }

    private static class SingletonInstance {
        private static final Singleton7 INSTANCE = new Singleton7();
    }

    public static synchronized Singleton7 getInstance() {
        return SingletonInstance.INSTANCE;
    }
}

/**
 * 枚举(推荐使用)
 * 线程安全,防止反序列化重新创建新的对象
 * 使用:Singleton8 instance = Singleton.INSTANCE
 */

enum Singleton8 {
    INSTANCE;
}

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