简介
鸿蒙OS 开发SDK中对于长列表的实现ListContainer的实现较为简单,没法想RecyclerView一样通过使用不同的LayoutManager来实现复杂布局因此没法快速实现瀑布流效果。
但鸿蒙OS也都支持控件的Measure(onEstimateSize),layout(onArrange) 和事件的处理。完全可以在鸿蒙OS中自定义一个布局来实现RecyclerView+LayoutManager的效果,以此来实现瀑布流等复杂效果。
自定义布局
对于鸿蒙OS自定义布局在官网上有介绍,主要实现onEstimateSize来测量控件大小和onArrange实现布局,这里我们将子控件的确定和测量摆放完全交LayoutManager来实现。同时我们要支持滑动,这里用Component.DraggedListener实现。因此我们的布局容器十分简单,调用LayoutManager进行测量布局,同时对于滑动事件,确定滑动后的视窗,调用LayoutManager的fill函数确定填满视窗的子容器集合,然后触发重新绘制。核心代码如下
public class SpanLayout extends ComponentContainer implements ComponentContainer.EstimateSizeListener,
ComponentContainer.ArrangeListener, Component.CanAcceptScrollListener, Component.ScrolledListener, Component.TouchEventListener, Component.DraggedListener {
private BaseItemProvider mProvider;
public SpanLayout(Context context) {
super(context);
setEstimateSizeListener(this);
setArrangeListener(this);
setDraggedListener(DRAG_VERTICAL,this);
}
@Override
public boolean onEstimateSize(int widthEstimatedConfig, int heightEstimatedConfig) {
int width = Component.EstimateSpec.getSize(widthEstimatedConfig);
int height = Component.EstimateSpec.getSize(heightEstimatedConfig);
setEstimatedSize(
Component.EstimateSpec.getChildSizeWithMode(width, widthEstimatedConfig, EstimateSpec.UNCONSTRAINT),
Component.EstimateSpec.getChildSizeWithMode(height, heightEstimatedConfig, EstimateSpec.UNCONSTRAINT));
mLayoutManager.setEstimateSize(widthEstimatedConfig,heightEstimatedConfig);
// measureChild(widthEstimatedConfig,heightEstimatedConfig);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onArrange(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
//第一次fill,从item0开始一直到leftHeight和rightHeight都大于height为止。
if(mRecycler.getAttachedScrap().isEmpty()){
mLayoutManager.fill(left,top,left+width,top+height,DIRECTION_UP);
}
// removeAllComponents(); //调用removeAllComponents的话会一直出发重新绘制。
for(RecyclerItem item:mRecycler.getAttachedScrap()){
item.child.arrange(item.positionX+item.marginLeft,scrollY+item.positionY+item.marginTop,item.width,item.height);
}
return true;
}
@Override
public void onDragStart(Component component, DragInfo dragInfo) {
startY = dragInfo.startPoint.getPointYToInt();
}
@Override
public void onDragUpdate(Component component, DragInfo dragInfo) {
int dt = dragInfo.updatePoint.getPointYToInt() - startY;
int tryScrollY = dt + scrollY;
startY = dragInfo.updatePoint.getPointYToInt();
mDirection = dt<0?DIRECTION_UP:DIRECTION_DOWN;
mChange = mLayoutManager.fill(0, -tryScrollY,getEstimatedWidth(),-tryScrollY+getEstimatedHeight(),mDirection);
if(mChange){
scrollY = tryScrollY;
postLayout();
}
}
}
瀑布流LayoutManager
LayoutManager主要是用来确定子控件的布局,重点是要实现fill函数,用于确认对于一个视窗内的子控件。
我们定义一个Span类,来记录某一列瀑布当前startLine和endLine情况,对于spanNum列的瀑布流,我们创建Span数组来记录情况。
例如向上滚动,当一个子控件满足bottom小于视窗top时需要回收,当一个子控件的bottom小于视窗的bottom是说明其下方需有子控件填充。由于瀑布流是多列的且每个子控件高度不同,因此我们不能简单的判断当前显示的第一个子控件是否要回收,最后一个子控件下方是否需要填充来完成充满视窗的工作。我们用while循环+双端队列,通过保证所有的Span其startLine都小于视窗top,endLine都大于视窗bottom来完成充满视窗的工作。核心fill函数实现如下:
public synchronized boolean fill(float left,float top,float right,float bottom,int direction){
int spanWidth = mWidthSize/mSpanNum;
if(mSpans == null){
mSpans = new Span[mSpanNum];
for(int i=0;i<mSpanNum;i++){
Span span = new Span();
span.index = i;
mSpans[i] = span;
span.left = (int) (left + i*spanWidth);
}
}
LinkedList<RecyclerItem> attached = mRecycler.getAttachedScrap();
if(attached.isEmpty()){
mRecycler.getAllScrap().clear();
int count = mProvider.getCount();
int okSpan = 0;
for (int i=0;i<count;i++){
Span span = getMinSpanWithEndLine();
RecyclerItem item = fillChild(span.left,span.endLine,i);
item.span = span;
if(item.positionY>=top && item.positionY<=bottom+item.height){//在显示区域
mRecycler.addItem(i,item);
mRecycler.attachItemToEnd(item);
}else{
mRecycler.recycle(item);
}
span.endLine += item.height+item.marginTop+item.marginBottom;
if(span.endLine>bottom){
okSpan++;
}
if(okSpan>=mSpanNum){
break;
}
}
return true;
}else{
if(direction == DIRECTION_UP){
RecyclerItem last = attached.peekLast();
int count = mProvider.getCount();
if(last.index == count-1 && last.getBottom()<=bottom){//已经到底
return false;
}else{
//先回收
RecyclerItem first = attached.peekFirst();
while(first != null && first.getBottom()<top){
mRecycler.recycle(first);//recycle本身会remove
first.span.startLine += first.getVSpace();
first = attached.peekFirst();
}
Span minEndLineSpan = getMinSpanWithEndLine();
int index = last.index+1;
while(index<count && minEndLineSpan.endLine<=bottom){//需要填充
RecyclerItem item;
if(mRecycler.getAllScrap().size()>index){
item = mRecycler.getAllScrap().get(index);
mRecycler.recoverToEnd(item);
}else{
item = fillChild(minEndLineSpan.left,minEndLineSpan.endLine,index);
item.span = minEndLineSpan;
mRecycler.attachItemToEnd(item);
mRecycler.addItem(index,item);
}
item.span.endLine += item.getVSpace();
minEndLineSpan = getMinSpanWithEndLine();
index++;
}
return true;
}
}else if(direction == DIRECTION_DOWN){
RecyclerItem first = attached.peekFirst();
int count = mProvider.getCount();
if(first.index == 0 && first.getTop()>=top){//已经到顶
return false;
}else{
//先回收
RecyclerItem last = attached.peekLast();
while(last != null && last.getTop()>bottom){
mRecycler.recycle(last);//recycle本身会remove
last.span.endLine -= last.getVSpace();
last = attached.peekFirst();
}
Span maxStartLineSpan = getMaxSpanWithStartLine();
int index = first.index-1;
while(index>=0 && maxStartLineSpan.startLine>=top){//需要填充
RecyclerItem item = mRecycler.getAllScrap().get(index);
if(item != null){
mRecycler.recoverToStart(item);
item.span.startLine -= item.getVSpace();
}else{
//理论上不存在
}
maxStartLineSpan = getMaxSpanWithStartLine();
index--;
}
return true;
}
}
}
return true;
}
Item回收
对于长列表,肯定要有类似于RecyclerView的回收机制。item的回收和复原在LayoutManager的fill函数中触发,通过Reycler实现。
简单的使用了mAttacthedScrap来保存当前视窗上显示的Item和mCacheScrap来保存被回收的控件。这里的设计就是对RecyclerView的回收机制的简化。
不同的是参考Flutter中三棵树的概念,定义了RecycleItem类,用来记录每个Item的左上角坐标和宽高值,只有在视窗上显示的Item会绑定组件。由于未绑定组件时的RecycleItem是十分轻量级的,因此内存的损耗基本可以忽略。我们用mAllScrap来按顺序保存所有的RecycleItem对象,用来复用。当恢复一个mAllScrap中存在的Item时,其坐标和宽高都已经确定。
Recycler的实现核心代码如下:
public class Recycler {
public static final int DIRECTION_UP = 0;
public static final int DIRECTION_DOWN = 2;
private ArrayList<RecyclerItem> mAllScrap = new ArrayList<>();
private LinkedList<RecyclerItem> mAttachedScrap = new LinkedList<>();
private LinkedList<Component> mCacheScrap = new LinkedList<Component>();
private BaseItemProvider mProvider;
private SpanLayout mSpanLayout;
private int direction = 0;
public Recycler(SpanLayout layout, BaseItemProvider provider) {
this.mSpanLayout = layout;
this.mProvider = provider;
}
public ArrayList<RecyclerItem> getAllScrap() {
return mAllScrap;
}
public LinkedList<RecyclerItem> getAttachedScrap() {
return mAttachedScrap;
}
public void cacheItem(int index, RecyclerItem item) {
mAllScrap.add(index, item);
}
public void attachComponent(RecyclerItem item) {
mAttachedScrap.add(item);
}
public Component getView(int index, ComponentContainer container) {
Component cache = mCacheScrap.poll();
return mProvider.getComponent(index, cache, container);
}
public void addItem(int index,RecyclerItem item) {
mAllScrap.add(index,item);
}
public void attachItemToEnd(RecyclerItem item) {
mAttachedScrap.add(item);
}
public void attachItemToStart(RecyclerItem item) {
mAttachedScrap.add(0,item);
}
public void recycle(RecyclerItem item) {
mSpanLayout.removeComponent(item.child);
mAttachedScrap.remove(item);
mCacheScrap.push(item.child);
item.child = null;
}
public void recoverToEnd(RecyclerItem item) {
Component child = mProvider.getComponent(item.index, mCacheScrap.poll(), mSpanLayout);
child.estimateSize(
Component.EstimateSpec.getSizeWithMode(item.width, Component.EstimateSpec.PRECISE),
Component.EstimateSpec.getSizeWithMode(item.height, Component.EstimateSpec.PRECISE)
);
item.child = child;
mAttachedScrap.add(item);
mSpanLayout.addComponent(child);
}
public void recoverToStart(RecyclerItem item) {
Component child = mProvider.getComponent(item.index, mCacheScrap.poll(), mSpanLayout);
child.estimateSize(
Component.EstimateSpec.getSizeWithMode(item.width, Component.EstimateSpec.PRECISE),
Component.EstimateSpec.getSizeWithMode(item.height, Component.EstimateSpec.PRECISE)
);
item.child = child;
mAttachedScrap.add(0,item);
mSpanLayout.addComponent(child);
}
}
总结
鸿蒙OS的开发SDK中基础能力都已经提供全面了,完全可以用来实现一些复杂效果。这里实现的SpanLayout+LayoutManager+Recycler的基本是一个完整的复杂列表实现,其他布局效果也可以通过实现不同的LayoutManager来实现。
完整代码在本人的码云项目上 ,在com.profound.notes.component包下,路过的请帮忙点个star。https://gitee.com/profound-la...
原文链接:https://developer.huawei.com/...
原作者:zjwujlei
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