一、参考
二、cluster监控指标分析
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
cluster_status | 集群状态，red, yellow 为异常 |
pending_task | 等待任务，超过100 为异常 |
cpu_util | cpu使用率，各个节点的cpu使用率的极差（最大值减去最小值）大于50%，判断为异常, cpu_util(max) - cp u_util(min) > 50% |
query | 查询次数，各个节点的查询次数极差，超过2，判断为异常 query(max)/query (min) > 2 |
indexing | indexing_total(stacked) /s > 1000 且 indexing_total / thread_pool_write_completed < 100 |
2.1 集群状态 cluster status
GET _cluster/health
GET _cluster/allocation/explain
2.2 任务状态 pending_tasks
pending_tasks反映了master节点还没有执行的集群级别的更改任务
(例如：创建索引，更新mapping，分配分片等）
一般在大的集群（高并发场景），由于任务不能及时处理完成，会导致任务长时间积压，且积压任务越来越多，如果积压量达到某个阀值，则可能需要触发告警
执行任务的级别分为
public enum Priority {
IMMEDIATE((byte) 0), // 马上立即
URGENT((byte) 1), // 紧急
HIGH((byte) 2), // 高
NORMAL((byte) 3), // 普通
LOW((byte) 4), // 低
LANGUID((byte) 5); // 延迟
}GET _cat/pending_tasks?v
{
"tasks": [
{
"insert_order": 101,
"priority": "URGENT",
"source": "create-index [foo_9], cause [api]",
"time_in_queue_millis": 86,
"time_in_queue": "86ms"
},
{
"insert_order": 46,
"priority": "HIGH",
"source": "shard-started ([foo_2][1], node[tMTocMvQQgGCkj7QDHl3OA], [P], s[INITIALIZING]), reason [after recovery from shard_store]",
"time_in_queue_millis": 842,
"time_in_queue": "842ms"
},
{
"insert_order": 45,
"priority": "HIGH",
"source": "shard-started ([foo_2][0], node[tMTocMvQQgGCkj7QDHl3OA], [P], s[INITIALIZING]), reason [after recovery from shard_store]",
"time_in_queue_millis": 858,
"time_in_queue": "858ms"
}
]
}
2.3 cpu使用率的极差
cpu使用率是判断集群健康的重要指标，直接影响集群的吞吐量、查询请求的响应
如果：
（1）多个节点的cpu使用率都很高，表示资源瓶颈，添加资源即可以解决
（2）有个别节点cpu使用率过高，则需要查看该节点本身是否
a. 分片过多； b. 查询或者索引routing设计不合理; c. 节点硬件异常
注意：要考虑到节点角色可能不同（冷热分离），本身cpu使用率就有差别
GET _cat/nodes?v&h=ip,cpu
ip cpu
10.15.17.201 2
10.15.17.202 2
10.15.25.194 4
2.4 data节点的qps极差
节点qps指标受到shard分配， routing的影响，极差过大，代表集群数据分配不均，或者有参数干预，集群负载不均衡
但是，为该指标设置阈值时候，需要考虑到角色分离的场景，由于业务的不同，不同集群的qps相差巨大，可以通过换算成瞬时流量的百分比来做计算
2.5 一次bulk请求的数量
三、node监控指标分析
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
uptime | 节点开始运行的时间 |
free_disk | 磁盘剩余空间 |
cpu_util | cpu使用率 |
| 分片数量 | 查看节点分片数量是否是 0 |
3.1 uptime重启状态
节点重启往往对集群性能有巨大的影响，接收到的流量会异常，减少了吞吐量，
对于大集群，节点重启会
(1) 重建缓存，（2）分片迁移，
都会对集群造成影响
GET _cat/nodes?h=ip,name,node.role,master,uptime&v
ip name node.role master uptime
172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000 himrst - 14.7d
172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001 himrst * 14.7d
172.20.81.245 tiebreaker-0000000002 mv - 14.7d
3.2 free_disk磁盘剩余空间
# 查看diskwater
GET /_cluster/settings?include_defaults&flat_settings
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.enable_for_single_data_node" : "true",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.flood_stage" : "95%",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.flood_stage.frozen" : "95%",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.flood_stage.frozen.max_headroom" : "20GB",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.high" : "90%",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.low" : "85%",# 查看磁盘使用情况
GET _cat/allocation?v
shards disk.indices disk.used disk.avail disk.total disk.percent host ip node
48 1.1gb 2.3gb 117.6gb 120gb 1 172.20.75.201 172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000
48 1014.5mb 1.2gb 118.7gb 120gb 1 172.20.76.29 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
3.3 cpu_util节点cpu使用率
cpu使用率过高，会极大影响集群性能，
(1) 读异常，响应时间过长
(2) 写异常，无法及时处理写入请求
但是，由于业务流量存在周期性波峰波谷，可以将该阈值设置大一些(90%)
GET _cat/nodes?h=ip,name,cpu&v
ip name cpu
172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000 13
172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001 4
172.20.81.245 tiebreaker-0000000002 5
3.4 节点上的分片数量
如果节点未分配分片，需要确认资源分配是否合理
一般发生在
(1) 索引分片数量设置不合理
(2) 迁移过程（存在 exclude)
# 查看节点分片数量
GET _cat/allocation?v
shards disk.indices disk.used disk.avail disk.total disk.percent host ip node
48 1.1gb 2.3gb 117.6gb 120gb 1 172.20.75.201 172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000
48 1014.5mb 1.2gb 118.7gb 120gb 1 172.20.76.29 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
四、shard监控指标分析
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
number | 分片数量 |
shard_size | 分片大小 |
4.1 分片数量
过多或者过少的 shard数量都会影响写入或者查询性能
# 查看分片详情
GET _cat/shards?h=index,shard,prirep,state,docs,store,ip,node&v&s=store:desc
index shard prirep state docs store ip node
elastic-cloud-logs-7-2021.06.03-000001 0 r STARTED 2076953 399.3mb 172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000
elastic-cloud-logs-7-2021.06.03-000001 0 p STARTED 2076953 333.7mb 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
.monitoring-es-7-2021.06.17 0 r STARTED 473930 273mb 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
.monitoring-es-7-2021.06.16 0 r STARTED 471958 265.9mb 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
.monitoring-es-7-2021.06.17 0 p STARTED 473930 257.8mb 172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000
4.2 分片大小
# 查看分片详情
GET _cat/shards?h=index,shard,prirep,state,docs,store,ip,node&v&s=store:desc
index shard prirep state docs store ip node
elastic-cloud-logs-7-2021.06.03-000001 0 r STARTED 2076953 399.3mb 172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000
elastic-cloud-logs-7-2021.06.03-000001 0 p STARTED 2076953 333.7mb 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
.monitoring-es-7-2021.06.17 0 r STARTED 473930 273mb 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
.monitoring-es-7-2021.06.16 0 r STARTED 471958 265.9mb 172.20.76.29 instance-0000000001
.monitoring-es-7-2021.06.17 0 p STARTED 473930 257.8mb 172.20.75.201 instance-0000000000
五、index监控指标分析
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
replica | 索引是否设置了副本 |
dynamic mapping | 索引mapping是否配置为动态 |
refresh_interval | 索引refresh频率 |
max_result_window | 单次请求的，最大返回文档数量 |
5.1 replica
如果没有设置副本，当节点crash时候，可能会导致数据丢失
# number_of_replicas 为副本数量
GET kibana_sample_data_logs/_settings
{
"kibana_sample_data_logs" : {
"settings" : {
"index" : {
"routing" : {
"allocation" : {
"include" : {
"_tier_preference" : "data_content"
}
}
},
"number_of_shards" : "1",
"auto_expand_replicas" : "0-1",
"blocks" : {
"read_only_allow_delete" : "false"
},
"provided_name" : "kibana_sample_data_logs",
"creation_date" : "1622706464015",
"number_of_replicas" : "1",
"uuid" : "KIsQkeGpTpi9-WO0rz-ACw",
"version" : {
"created" : "7130199"
}
}
}
}
}
5.2 动态mapping
默认值为true
5.3 refresh频率
refresh的频率影响着 segment的生成速度和大小，
segment过多会影响查询性能，且消耗更多的内存和磁盘空间
GET kibana_sample_data_logs/_settings?include_defaults&flat_settings
"index.refresh_interval" : "1s"GET _nodes/stats/indices,ingest/refresh
"indices" : {
"refresh" : {
"total" : 1180173,
"total_time_in_millis" : 18280039,
"external_total" : 1065957,
"external_total_time_in_millis" : 17922710,
"listeners" : 0
}
},
5.4 单次查询最大返回文档数量
GET kibana_sample_data_logs/_settings?include_defaults&flat_settings
"index.max_result_window" : "10000"六、jvm监控指标分析
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
jvm heap | 堆内存使用率 |
jdk version | jdk版本一致 |
segment memory | 段占用内存 |
full gc | full gc次数 |
6.1 jvm heap堆内存使用
GET _nodes/stats/indices,jvm?human
"mem" : {
"heap_used" : "448.1mb",
"heap_used_in_bytes" : 469957120,
"heap_used_percent" : 22,
"heap_committed" : "1.9gb",
"heap_committed_in_bytes" : 2055208960,
"heap_max" : "1.9gb",
"heap_max_in_bytes" : 2055208960,
"non_heap_used" : "286.9mb",
"non_heap_used_in_bytes" : 300867368,
"non_heap_committed" : "294mb",
"non_heap_committed_in_bytes" : 308346880,
"pools" : {
"young" : {
"used" : "136mb",
"used_in_bytes" : 142606336,
"max" : "0b",
"max_in_bytes" : 0,
"peak_used" : "1.1gb",
"peak_used_in_bytes" : 1228931072,
"peak_max" : "0b",
"peak_max_in_bytes" : 0
},
"old" : {
"used" : "290.1mb",
"used_in_bytes" : 304282112,
"max" : "1.9gb",
"max_in_bytes" : 2055208960,
"peak_used" : "584.8mb",
"peak_used_in_bytes" : 613298176,
"peak_max" : "1.9gb",
"peak_max_in_bytes" : 2055208960
},
"survivor" : {
"used" : "22mb",
"used_in_bytes" : 23068672,
"max" : "0b",
"max_in_bytes" : 0,
"peak_used" : "68mb",
"peak_used_in_bytes" : 71303168,
"peak_max" : "0b",
"peak_max_in_bytes" : 0
}
}
}6.2 jdk version的一致性
分布式集群中，需要保证每个节点的jdk版本一致
6.3 段内存
GET _nodes/stats/indices,ingest/segments?human
"segments" : {
"count" : 213,
"memory" : "2.3mb",
"memory_in_bytes" : 2504412,
"terms_memory" : "912.8kb",
"terms_memory_in_bytes" : 934720,
"stored_fields_memory" : "104.5kb",
"stored_fields_memory_in_bytes" : 107080,
"term_vectors_memory" : "0b",
"term_vectors_memory_in_bytes" : 0,
"norms_memory" : "15kb",
"norms_memory_in_bytes" : 15424,
"points_memory" : "0b",
"points_memory_in_bytes" : 0,
"doc_values_memory" : "1.3mb",
"doc_values_memory_in_bytes" : 1447188,
"index_writer_memory" : "7.4mb",
"index_writer_memory_in_bytes" : 7806056,
"version_map_memory" : "316b",
"version_map_memory_in_bytes" : 316,
"fixed_bit_set" : "387kb",
"fixed_bit_set_memory_in_bytes" : 396336,
"max_unsafe_auto_id_timestamp" : 1622706879405,
"file_sizes" : { }
}
6.4 full gc的次数
默认使用的G1垃圾收集器，所以一般会是 young gc或者mixed gc
但是，如果 mixed gc无法满足新对象分配内存的速度，会使用full gc,
G1中没有 full gc, 对应使用的是serial old gc
GET _nodes/stats/indices,jvm?human
"gc" : {
"collectors" : {
"young" : {
"collection_count" : 22324,
"collection_time" : "6.3m",
"collection_time_in_millis" : 378376
},
"old" : {
"collection_count" : 0,
"collection_time" : "0s",
"collection_time_in_millis" : 0
}
}
},七、threadPool监控指标分析
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
bulk reject | 写入拒绝次数 |
search reject | 查询拒绝次数 |
7.1 bulk reject写入拒绝
GET _cat/thread_pool?v&s=rejected:desc
node_name name active queue rejected
instance-0000000000 analyze 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 ccr 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 fetch_shard_started 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 fetch_shard_store 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 flush 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 force_merge 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 generic 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 get 0 0 07.2 search reject查询拒绝
GET _cat/thread_pool?v&s=rejected:desc
node_name name active queue rejected
instance-0000000000 analyze 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 ccr 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 fetch_shard_started 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 fetch_shard_store 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 flush 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 force_merge 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 generic 0 0 0
instance-0000000000 get 0 0 0
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