Talking about the application of blockchain in real estate registration | Review of "Super Talk Blockchain" 83

Real estate registration background

Real estate certificate and real estate certificate are a pair of concepts that are easily confused, and the two cannot be simply equated. The real estate certificate is essentially a kind of real estate certificate, and there are certain differences between the two.

The first is that the names are different. The full name of the real estate certificate is the real estate certificate of the People's Republic of China, and the full name of the real estate certificate is the real estate title certificate of the People's Republic of China;

The second is that the content is different. The real estate title certificate adds laser area, real estate unit number, application period, etc. on the basis of the content of the real estate certificate;

The third is that the issuing authority is different. The issuing authority of the real estate certificate is the city (county) real estate administration or the people's government of the city (county), and the real estate registration authority of the real estate certificate is the professional department of the people's government at or above the county level;

The fourth is that the versions are different. There are two versions of the real estate certificate and only one version of the real estate certificate;

The fifth is that the payment of surveying and mapping and production costs is different. The real estate certificate needs to be paid twice while the real estate certificate only needs to be paid once.

The process of real estate registration includes four stages: initial stage, decentralized registration stage, unified registration reform stage, and innovative development.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was no complete registration manual in my country, and the registration of land and real estate was basically stagnant. After the reform and opening up in 1978, some decentralized registration systems began to adapt to the transformation of China's economic market. In 2013, my country launched the "Interim Regulations on Real Estate Registration" and continuously improved and formed a real estate registration system. Since 2018, my country has accelerated institutional innovation, explored new measures to facilitate the registration of real estate for people and enterprises, and promoted the quality and efficiency of real estate registration.

The promulgation of the "Implementation Rules for the Interim Regulations on Real Estate Registration" is mainly to protect the legitimate rights and interests of rights holders and facilitate the people to handle real estate registration. The detailed rules mainly apply to collective land ownership, ownership of buildings and structures such as houses, ownership of forests, forest trees, and other real estate rights that need to be registered by law.

Ultimately, the competent department of land and resources under the State Council is responsible for guiding and supervising the national real estate registration work. The local people's government at or above the county level shall designate a department to be the real estate registration agency within its administrative region to be responsible for real estate registration.

Real estate registration process and pain points

Before 2013, personal loans required the purchase of goods from developers, and registration with the appropriate department was required at every stage of the process.

If a personal loan is used to purchase a second-hand house, first of all, the house buyer and the intermediary need to sign a house sale entrustment agreement, and then match with the listed house.

At the same time, the relevant departments of the Housing Administration Bureau need to verify and verify the eligibility to purchase a house, and then sign a contract, and submit the corresponding materials to the real estate registration window of the Ministry of Public Security, the registration agency of the taxation department, etc. After all the materials are complete, the acceptance review can be carried out. If all conditions are in order, it will probably take more than 40 working days.

At present, after the optimization of the process, the processing time is reduced from as little as half a month to as much as a month to 5 days, except for the qualification review of house purchase.

At the same time, in the actual purchase process, the time will vary depending on the local situation. Including loan approval, credit inquiry, registration and transfer of relevant taxes and fees, etc., these prompted us to go to the corresponding department twice more. Although some optimizations have been made, it is still impossible to complete the closed loop by running the window once.

In general, real estate registration is gradually optimized, but there will still be many problems.

First of all, due to the different registration basis, the orders and guidelines implemented in different places, and the rules and regulations followed are quite different.

Second, there are differences in technical standards. In the process of implementing informatization, there may be differences in the data interfaces, standard requirements, and whether the data is encrypted or not corresponding to each department or organization.

Finally, the entire system needs to be standardized and improved. Although there is a production certificate center in my country, there is still a lot of room for optimization in the timeliness and matching of data updates and the data connection between banks, tax authorities, and local governments.

Blockchain Solutions

At present, some practitioners try to improve the whole process through blockchain technology. The blockchain is like a car, it may be a complete car or a self-assembled car, however the practicality of the assembled car may present many problems.

Therefore, we propose to combine ideas and technologies into a system, so as to be compatible with the required business for downward transmission.

Based on the following major advantages of blockchain technology, the blockchain technology is used to realize real estate registration.

First of all, blockchain technology can break through the limitations of time and region, realize real-time sharing of ledgers of various departments, reach data consensus through dialogue between institutions, and improve the efficiency of certification.

Secondly, the query of real estate information is further optimized. For example, if a person works in Shenzhen and his hometown is in Hefei, Anhui, can he query across regions? Can the Civil Affairs Bureau inquire about the ownership of user property rights? These problems can be well solved by blockchain technology.

Third, to achieve multi-dimensional evaluation, how do we supervise government departments? Is it possible to monitor the nodes where the event is handled in real time? Through the rational use of blockchain technology, the registration process can be improved.

Finally, the use of blockchain technology is conducive to improving the business environment, and realizes the improvement of commercial operation through efficiency improvement or system application and service improvement.

Since the introduction of my country's real estate registration regulations, after continuous exploration and practice, it is found that in the current environment, the level of informatization still cannot meet our needs. One door, one set of documents, one-time payment, one-time certificate collection", to achieve "up to one trip" from acceptance to registration and certificate issuance.

In this regard, we propose a targeted solution design.

The technical structure of the alliance chain is mainly to set up a master node, 31 provincial nodes and N department nodes under the national real estate registration information platform. Through the Internet and personal mobile terminal or PC terminal, log in to the verification system of the real estate information registration platform, and check the verification mortgage level status of the verification certificate and other information.

In this process, all the information that needs to be checked can be queried in one step. Then it connects to the government affairs system and fine-tunes some of the government affairs systems. It may provide some data interfaces and deploy blockchain nodes to its government affairs platform to form a sub-node. Finally, after the government affairs system is connected to the data, a unified sharing system of national real estate registration information can be formed.

When the user is buying a new house, the system will transmit the required data to the bank, make a mortgage loan after completing the mortgage registration, and issue a letter of guarantee. However, after the whole people realize the blockchain, there is no need to send a letter. As long as the property rights under the name have been registered, the corresponding funds can directly reach the developer, which greatly reduces the intermediate risk.

Blockchain + real estate application practice

At present, the application of "blockchain + real estate registration" has gradually taken shape in many provinces.

In December last year, Guangdong Province launched "blockchain + real estate registration", requiring all municipalities to apply the system, or build their own systems, and connect with the provincial blockchain. The Guangdong Provincial Government insists on pilot projects, and strives to basically build a "blockchain + real estate registration" platform, and basically realize four types of real estate transactions, registration, tax payment, and financial data on the chain.

At present, the integration of the entire government affairs system and real estate information has been completed in some prefecture-level cities in Guangdong. Although the provincial-level blockchain has not yet achieved full coverage of local-level cities, it can be expected that some of them have been collected into the trusted database of the province, and the data is authentic and credible. Based on the data chain and data layer, we support the whole process of business processing, business collaboration and data sharing.

Hanlan Blockchain Real Estate, together with Peking University, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, University of Houston, etc., established the Blockchain Real Estate Research Center to carry out relevant research in the field of blockchain real estate, promote the continuous iteration of industry technology, and help the industry. Complete the transformation and upgrade.

At present, Lanfang Chain, a digital real estate development service platform based on FISCO BCOS launched by Hanlan, provides efficient, reliable and high-quality online operation and management services for the entire real estate development industry. The platform focuses on creating a closed loop of digital real estate value, and is committed to establishing a credit and value system in the real estate development industry.

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