2
头图

方法一 ----通过字面量创建

let obj = {
    name: 'zhang',
    age: 12,
    sayName: function () {
        console.log(this.name);
    }
}
console.log(obj);//{ name: 'zhang', age: 12, sayName: [Function: sayName] }

方法二 ----用function来模拟无参的构造函数

function Person() { }
//定义一个function,如果使用new"实例化",该function可以看作是一个Class
let person = new Person()
//给person对象实例添加属性
person.name = 'zhang'
person.age = 13
person.sayName = function () {
    console.log(this.age);
}
console.log(person);//Person { name: 'zhang', age: 13, sayName: [Function (anonymous)] }

方法三 ----自定义构造函数(有参)

function Dog(name, age, color) {
    this.name = name
    this.age = age
    this.color = color
    this.sayName = function () {
        console.log(this.name);
    }
}
let dog1 = new Dog('luky', 2, 'yellow')
console.log(dog1);  //Dog {name: 'luky',age: 2,color: 'yellow',sayName: [Function (anonymous)] }
dog1.sayName()   //luky
// 添加到全局对象 在node环境中全局对象是global,在浏览器执行环境中,全局对象是window
Dog('lily', 3, 'black')
global.sayName()  //lily
//window.sayName() //lily  //在浏览器中执行才会有输出结果

// call指针的实现示例:
// 在另一个对象的作用域中调用
// 新建一个对象
let objCall = new Object()
Dog.call(obj, '小七', 2, 'gold')
obj.sayName()  //小七
console.log(obj.color);  //gold

方法四 ---- 使用工厂函数创造对象

function createPerson(name, age, gender) {
    let person = new Object()
    // 给person实例添加属性
    person.name = name
    person.age = age
    person.gender = gender
    person.sayName = function () {
        console.log(this.name);
    }
    return person
}
let person1 = createPerson('zhang', 18, 'male')
console.log(person1); // { name: 'zhang', age: 18, gender: 'male', sayName: [Function (anonymous)] }
person1.sayName()  //zhang

方法五 ---- 使用组合模式(构造函数模式和原型模式)创建对象

//构造函数中放私有属性和方法
function Pig(name, age, hobby) {
    this.name = name
    this.age = age
    this.hobby = hobby
    this.friends = ['六尾','德华']
}
//在原型对象中存放公有属性和方法   Person.prototype重写后指向Object,不指向原来的Person
Person.prototype = {
    //让constructor属性重新指向Person
    constructor: Pig,
    sayName: function () {
        console.log(this.name);
    }
}
//创建对象实例
let p1 = new Pig('小香', 1, '苹果')
let p2 = new Pig('小芳', 3, '炸鸡');
console.log(p1); //Pig { name: '小香', age: 1, hobby: '苹果', friends: [ '六尾', '德华' ] }
//改变其中一个实例
p1.friends.push('robin');
//实例之间的私有属性互不影响
console.log(p1.friends);//[ '六尾', '德华', 'robin' ]
console.log(p2.friends);//[ '六尾', '德华' ]


云绮棠兮
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