Java开发之SSM框架整合配置知识分享

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    一、基本环境搭建

    1、新建一个Maven项目，不使用模板

    2、在pom.xml文件中设置打包格式为war

    <packaging>war</packaging>

    3、在Project Structure -> Modules中设置webapp目录以及web.xml文件位置java培训

    4、导入相关的依赖

    <dependencies>
    <!-- junit -->

    <dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库驱动 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Servlet - jsp -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

    </dependencies>

    5、在pom.xml中设置过滤器，使静态资源可以导出

    <build>
    <resources>

      <resource>
      <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
            <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
    </resource>
    <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
            <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
    </resource>
</resources>

    </build>

    6、在Edit Configuration中配置Tomcat

    7、建立基本结构和框架配置

     

    mybatis-config.xml MyBatis配置文件
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC="-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3config.dtd">
    <configuration>

    
<!-- 配置数据源，交给Spring去做 -->

<!-- 给包起别名 -->
<typeAliases>
  <package name="com.banmao.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>

<mappers>
    <mapper resource="com/wzy/dao/BooksMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>

    </configuration>

    applicationContext.xml Spring总配置文件
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

    </beans>

    二、整合MyBatis

    1、数据库配置文件：database.properties

    jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

    如果使用的是MySQL8.0+ 增加一个时区的配置：&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai

    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    jdbc.username=root
    jdbc.password=root

    2、pojo包下：Books实体类

    public class Books {

    private Integer bookID;
private String bookName;
private Integer bookCounts;
private String detail;

// getter & setter 方法
// toString方法

    }

    3、dao包下：BookMapper接口

    public interface BookMapper {

    // 增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);

// 删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);

// 更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);

// 查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);

// 查询所有书
List<Books> queryAllBooks();

    }

    4、dao包下：BookMapper.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC="-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace="com.wzy.dao.BookMapper">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
  insert into books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
    values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>

<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
  delete from books where bookID = #{id}
</delete>

    </mapper>

    5、service包下：BookService接口

    public interface BookService {

    // 增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);

// 删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);

// 更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);

// 查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);

// 查询所有书
List<Books> queryAllBooks();

    }

    6、service包下：BookServiceImpl实现类

    public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    // service层调dao层：组合DAO
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
    this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}

public int addBook(Books books) {
    return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}

public int deleteBookById(int id) {
    return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}

public int updateBook(Books boooks) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}

public Books queryBookById(int id) {
    return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}

public List<Books> queryAllBooks() {
    return bookMapper.queryAllBooks();
}

    }

    三、整合Spring

    此处非常重点，建议背诵（开玩笑，直接复制就行了

    1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，数据源使用c3p0连接池

    2、编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关配置文件：spring-dao.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


<!-- 1.关联数据库配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>


<!-- 2.连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>


    <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
    <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
    <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
    <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
    <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
    <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
    <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
    <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
    <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>


<!-- 3.sqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <!-- 配置MyBatis全局配置文件 mybatis-cinfig.xml -->
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>


<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<!-- 解释：http://www.cnblog.com/jpfss/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    <!-- 要扫描的dao包 -->
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.banmao.dao"/>
</bean>

    </beans>

    3、Spring整合service层

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


<!-- 1.扫描service下的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.banmao.service"/>


<!-- 2.将我们的所有业务类，注入到Spring，可以通过配置，或者注解实现 -->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.banmao.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
    <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>


<!-- 3.声明式事务配置 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <!-- 注入数据源 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>


<!-- 4.aop事务支持！-->

    </beans>

    Spring就是个大杂烩！！！！

    四、整合Spring MVC

    1、web.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
     version="4.0">


<!-- DispatchServlet -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>


<!-- 乱码过滤 -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>


<!-- Session过期时间 -->
<session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>

    </web-app>

    2、spring-mvc.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


<!-- 1.注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 2.静态资源过滤 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.扫描包：controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.banmao.controller"/>
<!-- 4.视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>

    </beans>

    3、Spring配置整合文件：applicationContext.xml

    import导入即可

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

    </beans>

    五、整合Controller层和视图层

    以下内容为前后端不分离，返回的数据直接显示在JSP页面上

    1、BookController类编写，方法一：查询所有书籍

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/book")
    public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/allBooks")
    public String list(Model model) {

       List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBooks();
   model.addAttribute("list", list);
   return "allBooks";

    }
    }

    2、编写首页JSP：index.jsp

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
    <!DOCTYPE HTML>
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>首页</title>
    </head>
    <body>

    <h3>
    点击进入列表页
    </h3>
    </body>
    </html>

    3、书籍列表页面：allBooks.jsp

    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    </head>
    <body>
    <div>

       <div>
       <table>
           <thead>
           <tr>
               <th>书籍编号</th>
               <th>书籍名字</th>
               <th>书籍数量</th>
               <th>书籍详情</th>
               <th>操作</th>
           </tr>
           </thead>


           <tbody>
           <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
               <tr>
                   <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                   <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                   <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                   <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                   <td>
                       <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                       <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                   </td>
               </tr>
           </c:forEach>
           </tbody>
       </table>
   </div>

    </div>
    </div>

    其余方法可自己实现，不再赘述！

    六、总结

    实际上，Spring的配置整合能够托管许多东西，其中涵盖了MyBatis的数据源配置、Filter的乱码问题解决配置等等，这些都是机械化的配置操作，并不需要太多改变就可以复用。

    因此可以将所有配置包装成模板，每次生成SSM框架项目时都可以直接使用。

    但是！一定要学会Spring的理念和其与Mybatis以及Service、MVC整合的过程！

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