CentOS 6.9 升级 glibc 2.12 到 2.17（qbit）

前言

• 当前日期是 2022.7.6，CentOS 6 停止维护更新日期是 2020.11.30，CentOS 6 已停止维护近两年
• 由于种种原因，qbit 需要在 CentOS 6.9 上通过 Miniconda 安装 Python 3.8，发现 glibc 版本太旧装不上，于是试验升级了glibc

• 初始环境

  CentOS 6.9 x86_64
  glibc 2.12

升级步骤

• 直接安装 MiniConda3 报错

  $ sh Miniconda3-py38_4.12.0-Linux-x86_64.sh 
  WARNING:
    The installer is not compatible with the version of the Linux distribution
    installed on your system. The version of GLIBC is no longer supported.
    Found version 2.12, which is less than 2.17
  Aborting installation.
  

• 查看当前 glibc 版本

  $ ldd --version
  ldd (GNU libc) 2.12
  Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
  warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  由 Roland McGrath 和 Ulrich Drepper 编写。

• 切换软件仓库（centos-vault源）

   curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-6.10.repo

• 生成缓存

  yum makecache

• 用 github 上的脚本升级 glibc，脚本内容如下

  #!/bin/bash
  
  # update glibc to 2.17 for CentOS 6
  
  GLIBC=glibc
  OS=el6
  SERVER=https://copr-be.cloud.fedoraproject.org/results/mosquito/myrepo-el6
  VERSION=2.17-55
  FULL_VERSION=$GLIBC-$VERSION.fc20
  X64=x86_64
  I386=i386
  I636=i686
  REPO_32=epel-6-$I386
  REPO_64=epel-6-$X64
  
  SERVER_32=$SERVER/$REPO_32/$FULL_VERSION
  RPM_32=$VERSION.$OS.$I636.rpm
  SERVER_64=$SERVER/$REPO_64/$FULL_VERSION
  RPM_64=$VERSION.$OS.$X64.rpm
  
  # Packages
  P_1=$GLIBC
  P_2=$GLIBC-common
  P_3=$GLIBC-devel
  P_4=$GLIBC-headers
  P_5=$GLIBC-static
  P_6=$GLIBC-utils
  P_7=nscd
  
  # Required as dependency of glibc-utils
  sudo yum install --assumeyes gd
  
  # 64-bit
  sudo rpm -Uvh --force $SERVER_64/$P_1-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_2-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_3-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_4-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_5-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_6-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_7-$RPM_64
  # Print out versions
  strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC

• 再次检查当前 glibc 版本（不用重启）

  $ ldd --version
  ldd (GNU libc) 2.17
  Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
  warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.

• 正常安装 Miniconda3

  $ sh Miniconda3-py38_4.12.0-Linux-x86_64.sh 
  
  Welcome to Miniconda3 py38_4.12.0
  
  In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
  agreement.
  Please, press ENTER to continue
  >>> 

后记

• 安装 Miniconda 后发现 pip3 不能安装包，一直卡住不动

  $ pip3 install pipx -vvv
  Using pip 21.2.4 from /home/centos/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)
  Non-user install because site-packages writeable
  Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-jyavgj8d
  Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
  Initialized build tracking at /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
  Created build tracker: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
  Entered build tracker: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
  Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-install-i3llrili
  Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
   1 location(s) to search for versions of pipx:
   https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/
  Fetching project page and analyzing links: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/
  Getting page https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/
  Found index url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
  Looking up "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/" in the cache
  Request header has "max_age" as 0, cache bypassed
  Starting new HTTPS connection (1): mirrors.aliyun.com:443

• 排查后发现是 Miniconda 的 openssl 有问题

  $ which openssl
  ~/miniconda3/bin/openssl
  $ openssl version
  OpenSSL 1.1.1n  15 Mar 2022
  $ openssl s_client mirrors.aliyun.com:443
  卡住...

• 解决方式一，用 http 仓库代替 https 仓库

  pip3 config set global.index-url http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
  pip3 config set global.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

本文出自qbit snap