java实现Modbus通信

java实现Modbus通信

参考链接:
https://www.cnblogs.com/ioufe...
https://blog.csdn.net/ioufev/...

Modbus协议

Modbus由MODICON公司于1979年开发，是一种工业现场总线协议标准。1996年施耐德公司推出基于以太网TCP/IP的Modbus协议：ModbusTCP。

Modbus协议是一项应用层报文传输协议，包括ASCII、RTU、TCP三种报文类型。

标准的Modbus协议物理层接口有RS232、RS422、RS485和以太网接口，采用master/slave方式通信。

Modbus和RS485的关系：Modbus是协议，物理层接口有RS232、RS422、RS485和以太网接口几种

仿真软件和程序下载: 百度网盘提供

使用jlibmodbus

maven配置

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.intelligt.modbus</groupId>
            <artifactId>jlibmodbus</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.9.7</version>
        </dependency>

java代码从Modbus读取数据

package com.ioufev;

import java.net.InetAddress;

import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.Modbus;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusIOException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusNumberException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusProtocolException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.master.ModbusMaster;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.master.ModbusMasterFactory;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.tcp.TcpParameters;


/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 设置主机TCP参数
            TcpParameters tcpParameters = new TcpParameters();

            // 设置TCP的ip地址
            InetAddress adress = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.3.16");

            // TCP参数设置ip地址
            // tcpParameters.setHost(InetAddress.getLocalHost());
            tcpParameters.setHost(adress);

            // TCP设置长连接
            tcpParameters.setKeepAlive(true);
            // TCP设置端口，这里设置是默认端口502
            tcpParameters.setPort(Modbus.TCP_PORT);

            // 创建一个主机
            ModbusMaster master = ModbusMasterFactory.createModbusMasterTCP(tcpParameters);
            Modbus.setAutoIncrementTransactionId(true);

            int slaveId = 1;//从机地址
            int offset = 0;//寄存器读取开始地址
            int quantity = 10;//读取的寄存器数量


            try {
                if (!master.isConnected()) {
                    master.connect();// 开启连接
                }

                // 读取对应从机的数据，readInputRegisters读取的写寄存器，功能码04
                int[] registerValues = master.readInputRegisters(slaveId, offset, quantity);

                // 控制台输出
                for (int value : registerValues) {
                    System.out.println("Address: " + offset++ + ", Value: " + value);
                }

            } catch (ModbusProtocolException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ModbusNumberException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ModbusIOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    master.disconnect();
                } catch (ModbusIOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

使用modbus4j

maven配置

<dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13-beta-3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.infiniteautomation</groupId>
            <artifactId>modbus4j</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>

<!-- 若想引用modbus4j需要引入下列repository id:ias-snapshots id:ias-releases 两个 ，使用默认仓库下载，不要使用阿里云仓库-->
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
            <id>ias-snapshots</id>
            <name>Infinite Automation Snapshot Repository</name>
            <url>https://maven.mangoautomation.net/repository/ias-snapshot/</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
            <id>ias-releases</id>
            <name>Infinite Automation Release Repository</name>
            <url>https://maven.mangoautomation.net/repository/ias-release/</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

java使用modbus4j读取数据

package com.ioufev;

import com.serotonin.modbus4j.BatchRead;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.BatchResults;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusFactory;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusMaster;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ErrorResponseException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusInitException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusTransportException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ip.IpParameters;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.locator.BaseLocator;

/**
 * modbus通讯工具类,采用modbus4j实现
 *
 */
public class Modbus4jUtils {
    /**
     * 工厂。
     */
    static ModbusFactory modbusFactory;
    static {
        if (modbusFactory == null) {
            modbusFactory = new ModbusFactory();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取master
     *
     * @return
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static ModbusMaster getMaster() throws ModbusInitException {
        IpParameters params = new IpParameters();
        params.setHost("10.211.55.4");
        params.setPort(502);
        //
        // modbusFactory.createRtuMaster(wapper); //RTU 协议
        // modbusFactory.createUdpMaster(params);//UDP 协议
        // modbusFactory.createAsciiMaster(wrapper);//ASCII 协议
        ModbusMaster master = modbusFactory.createTcpMaster(params, false);// TCP 协议
        master.init();

        return master;
    }

    /**
     * 读取[01 Coil Status 0x]类型 开关数据
     *
     * @param slaveId
     *            slaveId
     * @param offset
     *            位置
     * @return 读取值
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     *             异常
     * @throws ErrorResponseException
     *             异常
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Boolean readCoilStatus(int slaveId, int offset)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
        // 01 Coil Status
        BaseLocator<Boolean> loc = BaseLocator.coilStatus(slaveId, offset);
        Boolean value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 读取[02 Input Status 1x]类型 开关数据
     *
     * @param slaveId
     * @param offset
     * @return
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ErrorResponseException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static Boolean readInputStatus(int slaveId, int offset)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
        // 02 Input Status
        BaseLocator<Boolean> loc = BaseLocator.inputStatus(slaveId, offset);
        Boolean value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 读取[03 Holding Register类型 2x]模拟量数据
     *
     * @param slaveId
     *            slave Id
     * @param offset
     *            位置
     * @param dataType
     *            数据类型,来自com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType
     * @return
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     *             异常
     * @throws ErrorResponseException
     *             异常
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Number readHoldingRegister(int slaveId, int offset, int dataType)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
        // 03 Holding Register类型数据读取
        BaseLocator<Number> loc = BaseLocator.holdingRegister(slaveId, offset, dataType);
        Number value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 读取[04 Input Registers 3x]类型 模拟量数据
     *
     * @param slaveId
     *            slaveId
     * @param offset
     *            位置
     * @param dataType
     *            数据类型,来自com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType
     * @return 返回结果
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     *             异常
     * @throws ErrorResponseException
     *             异常
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Number readInputRegisters(int slaveId, int offset, int dataType)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
        // 04 Input Registers类型数据读取
        BaseLocator<Number> loc = BaseLocator.inputRegister(slaveId, offset, dataType);
        Number value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 批量读取使用方法
     *
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ErrorResponseException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static void batchRead() throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {

        BatchRead<Integer> batch = new BatchRead<Integer>();

        batch.addLocator(0, BaseLocator.holdingRegister(1, 1, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT));
        batch.addLocator(1, BaseLocator.inputStatus(1, 0));

        ModbusMaster master = getMaster();

        batch.setContiguousRequests(false);
        BatchResults<Integer> results = master.send(batch);
        System.out.println(results.getValue(0));
        System.out.println(results.getValue(1));
    }

    /**
     * 测试
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 01测试
            Boolean v011 = readCoilStatus(1, 0);
            Boolean v012 = readCoilStatus(1, 1);
            Boolean v013 = readCoilStatus(1, 6);
            System.out.println("v011:" + v011);
            System.out.println("v012:" + v012);
            System.out.println("v013:" + v013);
            // 02测试
            Boolean v021 = readInputStatus(1, 0);
            Boolean v022 = readInputStatus(1, 1);
            Boolean v023 = readInputStatus(1, 2);
            System.out.println("v021:" + v021);
            System.out.println("v022:" + v022);
            System.out.println("v023:" + v023);

            // 03测试
            Number v031 = readHoldingRegister(1, 1, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);// 注意,float
            Number v032 = readHoldingRegister(1, 3, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);// 同上
            System.out.println("v031:" + v031);
            System.out.println("v032:" + v032);

            // 04测试
            Number v041 = readInputRegisters(1, 0, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);//
            Number v042 = readInputRegisters(1, 2, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);//
            System.out.println("v041:" + v041);
            System.out.println("v042:" + v042);
            // 批量读取
            batchRead();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

java通过modbus4j对数据的写入

package com.ioufev;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusFactory;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusMaster;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ErrorResponseException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusInitException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusTransportException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ip.IpParameters;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.locator.BaseLocator;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.ModbusResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilRequest;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilsRequest;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilsResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteRegisterRequest;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteRegisterResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteRegistersRequest;

/**
 * modbus4j写入数据
 *
 */
public class Modbus4jWriteUtils {
    static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Modbus4jWriteUtils.class);
    /**
     * 工厂。
     */
    static ModbusFactory modbusFactory;
    static {
        if (modbusFactory == null) {
            modbusFactory = new ModbusFactory();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取tcpMaster
     *
     * @return
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static ModbusMaster getMaster() throws ModbusInitException {
        IpParameters params = new IpParameters();
        params.setHost("10.211.55.4");
        params.setPort(502);

        ModbusMaster tcpMaster = modbusFactory.createTcpMaster(params, false);
        tcpMaster.init();

        return tcpMaster;
    }

    /**
     * 写 [01 Coil Status(0x)]写一个 function ID = 5
     *
     * @param slaveId
     *            slave的ID
     * @param writeOffset
     *            位置
     * @param writeValue
     *            值
     * @return 是否写入成功
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static boolean writeCoil(int slaveId, int writeOffset, boolean writeValue)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
        // 获取master
        ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
        // 创建请求
        WriteCoilRequest request = new WriteCoilRequest(slaveId, writeOffset, writeValue);
        // 发送请求并获取响应对象
        WriteCoilResponse response = (WriteCoilResponse) tcpMaster.send(request);
        if (response.isException()) {
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 写[01 Coil Status(0x)] 写多个 function ID = 15
     *
     * @param slaveId
     *            slaveId
     * @param startOffset
     *            开始位置
     * @param bdata
     *            写入的数据
     * @return 是否写入成功
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static boolean writeCoils(int slaveId, int startOffset, boolean[] bdata)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
        // 获取master
        ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
        // 创建请求
        WriteCoilsRequest request = new WriteCoilsRequest(slaveId, startOffset, bdata);
        // 发送请求并获取响应对象
        WriteCoilsResponse response = (WriteCoilsResponse) tcpMaster.send(request);
        if (response.isException()) {
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }

    }

    /***
     * 写[03 Holding Register(4x)] 写一个 function ID = 6
     *
     * @param slaveId
     * @param writeOffset
     * @param writeValue
     * @return
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static boolean writeRegister(int slaveId, int writeOffset, short writeValue)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
        // 获取master
        ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
        // 创建请求对象
        WriteRegisterRequest request = new WriteRegisterRequest(slaveId, writeOffset, writeValue);
        WriteRegisterResponse response = (WriteRegisterResponse) tcpMaster.send(request);
        if (response.isException()) {
            log.error(response.getExceptionMessage());
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }

    }

    /**
     *
     * 写入[03 Holding Register(4x)]写多个 function ID=16
     *
     * @param slaveId
     *            modbus的slaveID
     * @param startOffset
     *            起始位置偏移量值
     * @param sdata
     *            写入的数据
     * @return 返回是否写入成功
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static boolean writeRegisters(int slaveId, int startOffset, short[] sdata)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
        // 获取master
        ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
        // 创建请求对象
        WriteRegistersRequest request = new WriteRegistersRequest(slaveId, startOffset, sdata);
        // 发送请求并获取响应对象
        ModbusResponse response = tcpMaster.send(request);
        if (response.isException()) {
            log.error(response.getExceptionMessage());
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 写入数字类型的模拟量（如:写入Float类型的模拟量、Double类型模拟量、整数类型Short、Integer、Long）
     *
     * @param slaveId
     * @param offset
     * @param value
     *            写入值,Number的子类,例如写入Float浮点类型,Double双精度类型,以及整型short,int,long
     * @param registerCount
     *            ,com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType
     * @throws ModbusTransportException
     * @throws ErrorResponseException
     * @throws ModbusInitException
     */
    public static void writeHoldingRegister(int slaveId, int offset, Number value, int dataType)
            throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
        // 获取master
        ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
        // 类型
        BaseLocator<Number> locator = BaseLocator.holdingRegister(slaveId, offset, dataType);
        tcpMaster.setValue(locator, value);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //@formatter:off
            // 测试01
//            boolean t01 = writeCoil(1, 0, true);
//            System.out.println("T01:" + t01);

            // 测试02
//            boolean t02 = writeCoils(1, 0, new boolean[] { true, false, true });
//            System.out.println("T02:" + t02);

            // 测试03
//            short v = -3;
//            boolean t03 = writeRegister(1, 0, v);
//            System.out.println("T03:" + t03);
            // 测试04
//            boolean t04 = writeRegisters(1, 0, new short[] { -3, 3, 9 });
//            System.out.println("t04:" + t04);
            //写模拟量
            writeHoldingRegister(1,0, 10.1f, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);

            //@formatter:on
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

使用modbus-master-tcp

modbus-master-tcp项目的底层是基于netty框架开发。天然的支持异步处理。在性能方面有很好的提升。

maven配置

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.digitalpetri.modbus</groupId>
            <artifactId>modbus-master-tcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

java使用modbus-master-tcp读取数据

package com.ioufev;

import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

import com.digitalpetri.modbus.codec.Modbus;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.master.ModbusTcpMaster;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.master.ModbusTcpMasterConfig;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadCoilsRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadDiscreteInputsRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadHoldingRegistersRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadInputRegistersRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadCoilsResponse;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadDiscreteInputsResponse;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadHoldingRegistersResponse;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadInputRegistersResponse;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;

/***
 * modbus TCP协议Java通讯读取例子
 *
 *
 */
public class ModbusMasterTCPDemo {

    static ModbusTcpMaster master;

    /**
     * 获取TCP协议的Master
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static void initModbusTcpMaster() {
        if (master == null) {
            // 创建配置
            ModbusTcpMasterConfig config = new ModbusTcpMasterConfig.Builder("10.211.55.4").setPort(502).build();
            master = new ModbusTcpMaster(config);
        }
    }

    /***
     * 释放资源
     */
    public static void release() {
        if (master != null) {
            master.disconnect();
        }
        Modbus.releaseSharedResources();
    }

    /**
     * 读取Coils开关量
     *
     * @param address
     *            寄存器开始地址
     * @param quantity
     *            数量
     * @param unitId
     *            ID
     * @return 读取值
     * @throws InterruptedException
     *             异常
     * @throws ExecutionException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Boolean readCoils(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        Boolean result = null;
        CompletableFuture<ReadCoilsResponse> future = master.sendRequest(new ReadCoilsRequest(address, quantity),
                unitId);
        ReadCoilsResponse readCoilsResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
        if (readCoilsResponse != null) {
            ByteBuf buf = readCoilsResponse.getCoilStatus();
            result = buf.readBoolean();
            ReferenceCountUtil.release(readCoilsResponse);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 读取readDiscreteInputs开关量
     *
     * @param address
     *            寄存器开始地址
     * @param quantity
     *            数量
     * @param unitId
     *            ID
     * @return 读取值
     * @throws InterruptedException
     *             异常
     * @throws ExecutionException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Boolean readDiscreteInputs(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        Boolean result = null;
        CompletableFuture<ReadDiscreteInputsResponse> future = master
                .sendRequest(new ReadDiscreteInputsRequest(address, quantity), unitId);
        ReadDiscreteInputsResponse discreteInputsResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
        if (discreteInputsResponse != null) {
            ByteBuf buf = discreteInputsResponse.getInputStatus();
            result = buf.readBoolean();
            ReferenceCountUtil.release(discreteInputsResponse);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 读取HoldingRegister数据
     *
     * @param address
     *            寄存器地址
     * @param quantity
     *            寄存器数量
     * @param unitId
     *            id
     * @return 读取结果
     * @throws InterruptedException
     *             异常
     * @throws ExecutionException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Number readHoldingRegisters(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        Number result = null;
        CompletableFuture<ReadHoldingRegistersResponse> future = master
                .sendRequest(new ReadHoldingRegistersRequest(address, quantity), unitId);
        ReadHoldingRegistersResponse readHoldingRegistersResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
        if (readHoldingRegistersResponse != null) {
            ByteBuf buf = readHoldingRegistersResponse.getRegisters();
            result = buf.readFloat();
            ReferenceCountUtil.release(readHoldingRegistersResponse);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 读取InputRegisters模拟量数据
     *
     * @param address
     *            寄存器开始地址
     * @param quantity
     *            数量
     * @param unitId
     *            ID
     * @return 读取值
     * @throws InterruptedException
     *             异常
     * @throws ExecutionException
     *             异常
     */
    public static Number readInputRegisters(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        Number result = null;
        CompletableFuture<ReadInputRegistersResponse> future = master
                .sendRequest(new ReadInputRegistersRequest(address, quantity), unitId);
        ReadInputRegistersResponse readInputRegistersResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
        if (readInputRegistersResponse != null) {
            ByteBuf buf = readInputRegistersResponse.getRegisters();
            result = buf.readDouble();
            ReferenceCountUtil.release(readInputRegistersResponse);
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 初始化资源
            initModbusTcpMaster();

            // 执行操作

            // 读取开关量
            System.out.println(readCoils(0, 1, 1));
            System.out.println(readDiscreteInputs(0, 1, 1));
            System.out.println(readDiscreteInputs(1, 1, 1));

            // 读取模拟量
            System.out.println(readHoldingRegisters(0, 2, 1));
            System.out.println(readHoldingRegisters(2, 2, 1));
            System.out.println(readHoldingRegisters(4, 2, 1));
            System.out.println(readInputRegisters(2, 4, 1));
            System.out.println(readInputRegisters(6, 4, 1));

            // 释放资源
            release();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

总结

• jlibmodbus：集成多个串口通信开源库，有意思
• modbus4j：很有名
• modbus-master-tcp：底层netty，支持异步
• Jamod：Github上安卓开发modbus通信用的多