ThreadLocal中有四个常用方法:
- initalValue
- set
- get
- remove
initalValue
先看initalValue,这个方法有两个调用方式
- 覆写initalValue
/**
* Returns the current thread's "initial value" for this
* thread-local variable. This method will be invoked the first
* time a thread accesses the variable with the {@link #get}
* method, unless the thread previously invoked the {@link #set}
* method, in which case the {@code initialValue} method will not
* be invoked for the thread. Normally, this method is invoked at
* most once per thread, but it may be invoked again in case of
* subsequent invocations of {@link #remove} followed by {@link #get}.
*
* <p>This implementation simply returns {@code null}; if the
* programmer desires thread-local variables to have an initial
* value other than {@code null}, {@code ThreadLocal} must be
* subclassed, and this method overridden. Typically, an
* anonymous inner class will be used.
*
* @return the initial value for this thread-local
*/
protected T initialValue() {
return null;
}
注释说明,该方法在第一次调用 get 时触发。
- withInitial
/**
* Creates a thread local variable. The initial value of the variable is
* determined by invoking the {@code get} method on the {@code Supplier}.
*
* @param <S> the type of the thread local's value
* @param supplier the supplier to be used to determine the initial value
* @return a new thread local variable
* @throws NullPointerException if the specified supplier is null
* @since 1.8
*/
public static <S> ThreadLocal<S> withInitial(Supplier<? extends S> supplier) {
return new SuppliedThreadLocal<>(supplier);
}
调用withInitial 需要传入 实现 Supplier<? extends S> 对象,实际上就是需要一个get方法返回需要持有的对象。
再看get方法
/**
* Returns the value in the current thread's copy of this
* thread-local variable. If the variable has no value for the
* current thread, it is first initialized to the value returned
* by an invocation of the {@link #initialValue} method.
*
* @return the current thread's value of this thread-local
*/
public T get() {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); // 获取当前线程
ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t); // 当前线程为 key 在 hashMap 中获取对应的 ThreadLocalMap
if (map != null) { // 如果存在 就去取值
ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
if (e != null) { // 值存在 就转换类型后返回
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
T result = (T)e.value;
return result;
}
}
return setInitialValue(); // 不存在map 就去初始化
}
注释说,返回当前线程在本地线程变量中的拷贝。如果当前线程获取不到变量,就调用 initialValue 方法,返回该方法的返回值。
看一下getMap(t) 及其相关的方法
/**
* Get the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
* InheritableThreadLocal.
*
* @param t the current thread
* @return the map
*/
ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
return t.threadLocals;
}
/**
* Create the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
* InheritableThreadLocal.
*
* @param t the current thread
* @param firstValue value for the initial entry of the map
*/
void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
}
/* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained
* by the ThreadLocal class. */
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;
- getMap:获取和一个ThreadLocal有关的map。
- createMap:创建一个ThreadLoacl有关的map,入参为 new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue), this 为当前的ThreadLocal对象;从这里可知 一个线程 thread 对应一个 threadLoacl 对象,一个threadLoacl 对象对应一个 map。
- threadLocals 与 当前线程有关的 ThreadLocal 值。
set
/**
* Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
* to the specified value. Most subclasses will have no need to
* override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
* method to set the values of thread-locals.
*
* @param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of
* this thread-local.
*/
public void set(T value) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); // 获取当前线程
ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t); // 获取map
if (map != null)
map.set(this, value); // 设置值
else
createMap(t, value); // 初始化map
}
remove
/**
* Removes the current thread's value for this thread-local
* variable. If this thread-local variable is subsequently
* {@linkplain #get read} by the current thread, its value will be
* reinitialized by invoking its {@link #initialValue} method,
* unless its value is {@linkplain #set set} by the current thread
* in the interim. This may result in multiple invocations of the
* {@code initialValue} method in the current thread.
*
* @since 1.5
*/
public void remove() {
ThreadLocalMap m = getMap(Thread.currentThread()); // 获取map
if (m != null)
m.remove(this); // 删除map中对应的Threadlocal对象和其对应的值,this即当前调用该方法的 threadlocal 对象
}
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