dubbo架构

1.服务端启动注册
dubbo是一个soa服务，通过管理服务器地址来简化服务间调用，那么服务器启动的时候就需要将自己的地址注册到dubbo上。dubbo是通过ServiceBean来启动注册的：

可以看到ServiceBean实现了ApplicationListener接口，那么在spring发布上下文刷新事件后会调用它的onApplicationEvent方法:

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
        if (isDelay() && !isExported() && !isUnexported()) {
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                logger.info("The service ready on spring started. service: " + getInterface());
            }
            export();
        }
    }

进入export：

    /**
     * @since 2.6.5
     */
    @Override
    public void export() {
 //调用父类ServiceConfig
        super.export();
        // Publish ServiceBeanExportedEvent
        publishExportEvent();
    }
    public synchronized void export() {

        if (provider != null) {
            if (export == null) {
                export = provider.getExport();
            }
            if (delay == null) {
                delay = provider.getDelay();
            }
        }
        if (export != null && !export) {
            return;
        }

        if (delay != null && delay > 0) {
            delayExportExecutor.schedule(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    doExport();
                }
            }, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        } else {
        //进入这里
            doExport();
        }
    }

    protected synchronized void doExport() {
        //前面都在做一些校验
        
        if (unexported) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Already unexported!");
        }
        if (exported) {
            return;
        }
        exported = true;
        if (interfaceName == null || interfaceName.length() == 0) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("<dubbo:service interface=\"\" /> interface not allow null!");
        }
        checkDefault();
        if (provider != null) {
            if (application == null) {
                application = provider.getApplication();
            }
            if (module == null) {
                module = provider.getModule();
            }
            if (registries == null) {
                registries = provider.getRegistries();
            }
            if (monitor == null) {
                monitor = provider.getMonitor();
            }
            if (protocols == null) {
                protocols = provider.getProtocols();
            }
        }
        if (module != null) {
            if (registries == null) {
                registries = module.getRegistries();
            }
            if (monitor == null) {
                monitor = module.getMonitor();
            }
        }
        if (application != null) {
            if (registries == null) {
                registries = application.getRegistries();
            }
            if (monitor == null) {
                monitor = application.getMonitor();
            }
        }
        if (ref instanceof GenericService) {
            interfaceClass = GenericService.class;
            if (StringUtils.isEmpty(generic)) {
                generic = Boolean.TRUE.toString();
            }
        } else {
            try {
                interfaceClass = Class.forName(interfaceName, true, Thread.currentThread()
                        .getContextClassLoader());
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
            checkInterfaceAndMethods(interfaceClass, methods);
            checkRef();
            generic = Boolean.FALSE.toString();
        }
        if (local != null) {
            if ("true".equals(local)) {
                local = interfaceName + "Local";
            }
            Class<?> localClass;
            try {
                localClass = ClassHelper.forNameWithThreadContextClassLoader(local);
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
            if (!interfaceClass.isAssignableFrom(localClass)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("The local implementation class " + localClass.getName() + " not implement interface " + interfaceName);
            }
        }
        if (stub != null) {
            if ("true".equals(stub)) {
                stub = interfaceName + "Stub";
            }
            Class<?> stubClass;
            try {
                stubClass = ClassHelper.forNameWithThreadContextClassLoader(stub);
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
            if (!interfaceClass.isAssignableFrom(stubClass)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("The stub implementation class " + stubClass.getName() + " not implement interface " + interfaceName);
            }
        }
        checkApplication();
        checkRegistry();
        checkProtocol();
        appendProperties(this);
        checkStub(interfaceClass);
        checkMock(interfaceClass);
        if (path == null || path.length() == 0) {
            path = interfaceName;
        }
        // 直接进入这里
        doExportUrls();
        ProviderModel providerModel = new ProviderModel(getUniqueServiceName(), this, ref);
        ApplicationModel.initProviderModel(getUniqueServiceName(), providerModel);
    }

doExportUrls方法首先获取要注册url，然后逐个注册：

    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
    private void doExportUrls() {
        // 获取要注册的url
        List<URL> registryURLs = loadRegistries(true);
        for (ProtocolConfig protocolConfig : protocols) {
 //开始注册
            doExportUrlsFor1Protocol(protocolConfig, registryURLs);
        }
    }


protected List<URL> loadRegistries(boolean provider) {
    // 检测是否存在注册中心配置类，不存在则抛出异常
    checkRegistry();
    List<URL> registryList = new ArrayList<URL>();
    if (registries != null && !registries.isEmpty()) {
        for (RegistryConfig config : registries) {
            String address = config.getAddress();
            if (address == null || address.length() == 0) {
                // 若 address 为空，则将其设为 0.0.0.0
                address = Constants.ANYHOST_VALUE;
            }

            // 从系统属性中加载注册中心地址
            String sysaddress = System.getProperty("dubbo.registry.address");
            if (sysaddress != null && sysaddress.length() > 0) {
                address = sysaddress;
            }
            // 检测 address 是否合法
            if (address.length() > 0 && !RegistryConfig.NO_AVAILABLE.equalsIgnoreCase(address)) {
                Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
                // 添加 ApplicationConfig 中的字段信息到 map 中
                appendParameters(map, application);
                // 添加 RegistryConfig 字段信息到 map 中
                appendParameters(map, config);
                
                // 添加 path、pid，protocol 等信息到 map 中
                map.put("path", RegistryService.class.getName());
                map.put("dubbo", Version.getProtocolVersion());
                map.put(Constants.TIMESTAMP_KEY, String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()));
                if (ConfigUtils.getPid() > 0) {
                    map.put(Constants.PID_KEY, String.valueOf(ConfigUtils.getPid()));
                }
                if (!map.containsKey("protocol")) {
                    if (ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(RegistryFactory.class).hasExtension("remote")) {
                        map.put("protocol", "remote");
                    } else {
                        map.put("protocol", "dubbo");
                    }
                }

                // 解析得到 URL 列表，address 可能包含多个注册中心 ip，
                // 因此解析得到的是一个 URL 列表
                List<URL> urls = UrlUtils.parseURLs(address, map);
                for (URL url : urls) {
                    url = url.addParameter(Constants.REGISTRY_KEY, url.getProtocol());
                    // 将 URL 协议头设置为 registry
                    url = url.setProtocol(Constants.REGISTRY_PROTOCOL);
                    // 通过判断条件，决定是否添加 url 到 registryList 中，条件如下：
                    // (服务提供者 && register = true 或 null) 
                    //    || (非服务提供者 && subscribe = true 或 null)
                    if ((provider && url.getParameter(Constants.REGISTER_KEY, true))
                            || (!provider && url.getParameter(Constants.SUBSCRIBE_KEY, true))) {
                        registryList.add(url);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return registryList;
}



private void doExportUrlsFor1Protocol(ProtocolConfig protocolConfig, List<URL> registryURLs) {
    
    // 省略无关代码
    
    if (ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(ConfiguratorFactory.class)
            .hasExtension(url.getProtocol())) {
        // 加载 ConfiguratorFactory，并生成 Configurator 实例，然后通过实例配置 url
        url = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(ConfiguratorFactory.class)
                .getExtension(url.getProtocol()).getConfigurator(url).configure(url);
    }

    String scope = url.getParameter(Constants.SCOPE_KEY);
    // 如果 scope = none，则什么都不做
    if (!Constants.SCOPE_NONE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(scope)) {
        // scope != remote，导出到本地
        if (!Constants.SCOPE_REMOTE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(scope)) {
        // 导入远程服务器
            exportLocal(url);
        }

        // scope != local，导出到远程
        if (!Constants.SCOPE_LOCAL.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(scope)) {
            if (registryURLs != null && !registryURLs.isEmpty()) {
                for (URL registryURL : registryURLs) {
                    url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.DYNAMIC_KEY, registryURL.getParameter(Constants.DYNAMIC_KEY));
                    // 加载监视器链接
                    URL monitorUrl = loadMonitor(registryURL);
                    if (monitorUrl != null) {
                        // 将监视器链接作为参数添加到 url 中
                        url = url.addParameterAndEncoded(Constants.MONITOR_KEY, monitorUrl.toFullString());
                    }

                    String proxy = url.getParameter(Constants.PROXY_KEY);
                    if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(proxy)) {
                        registryURL = registryURL.addParameter(Constants.PROXY_KEY, proxy);
                    }

                    // 为服务提供类(ref)生成 Invoker
                    Invoker<?> invoker = proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, registryURL.addParameterAndEncoded(Constants.EXPORT_KEY, url.toFullString()));
                    // DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker 用于持有 Invoker 和 ServiceConfig
                    DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker wrapperInvoker = new DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker(invoker, this);

                    // 导出服务，并生成 Exporter
                    Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(wrapperInvoker);
                    exporters.add(exporter);
                }
                
            // 不存在注册中心，仅导出服务
            } else {
                Invoker<?> invoker = proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, url);
                DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker wrapperInvoker = new DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker(invoker, this);

                Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(wrapperInvoker);
                exporters.add(exporter);
            }
        }
    }
    this.urls.add(url);
}

进入exportLocal方法：

@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
private void exportLocal(URL url) {
    if (!Constants.LOCAL_PROTOCOL.equalsIgnoreCase(url.getProtocol())) {
        URL local = URL.valueOf(url.toFullString())
                .setProtocol(Constants.LOCAL_PROTOCOL)
                .setHost(LOCALHOST)
                .setPort(0);
        StaticContext.getContext(Constants.SERVICE_IMPL_CLASS).put(url.getServiceKey(), getServiceClass(ref));
        //进入这里
        Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(
                proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, local));
        exporters.add(exporter);
        logger.info("Export dubbo service " + interfaceClass.getName() + " to local registry");
    }
}

进入RegistryProtocol.export

public <T> Exporter<T> export(final Invoker<T> originInvoker) throws RpcException {
    // 导出服务
    final ExporterChangeableWrapper<T> exporter = doLocalExport(originInvoker);

    // 获取注册中心 URL，以 zookeeper 注册中心为例，得到的示例 URL 如下：
    // zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181/com.alibaba.dubbo.registry.RegistryService?application=demo-provider&dubbo=2.0.2&export=dubbo%3A%2F%2F172.17.48.52%3A20880%2Fcom.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService%3Fanyhost%3Dtrue%26application%3Ddemo-provider
    URL registryUrl = getRegistryUrl(originInvoker);

    // 根据 URL 加载 Registry 实现类，比如 ZookeeperRegistry
    final Registry registry = getRegistry(originInvoker);
    
    // 获取已注册的服务提供者 URL，比如：
    // dubbo://172.17.48.52:20880/com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService?anyhost=true&application=demo-provider&dubbo=2.0.2&generic=false&interface=com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService&methods=sayHello
    final URL registeredProviderUrl = getRegisteredProviderUrl(originInvoker);

    // 获取 register 参数
    boolean register = registeredProviderUrl.getParameter("register", true);

    // 向服务提供者与消费者注册表中注册服务提供者
    ProviderConsumerRegTable.registerProvider(originInvoker, registryUrl, registeredProviderUrl);

    // 根据 register 的值决定是否注册服务
    if (register) {
        // 向注册中心注册服务
        register(registryUrl, registeredProviderUrl);
        ProviderConsumerRegTable.getProviderWrapper(originInvoker).setReg(true);
    }

    // 获取订阅 URL，比如：
    // provider://172.17.48.52:20880/com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService?category=configurators&check=false&anyhost=true&application=demo-provider&dubbo=2.0.2&generic=false&interface=com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService&methods=sayHello
    final URL overrideSubscribeUrl = getSubscribedOverrideUrl(registeredProviderUrl);
    // 创建监听器
    final OverrideListener overrideSubscribeListener = new OverrideListener(overrideSubscribeUrl, originInvoker);
    overrideListeners.put(overrideSubscribeUrl, overrideSubscribeListener);
    // 向注册中心进行订阅 override 数据
    registry.subscribe(overrideSubscribeUrl, overrideSubscribeListener);
    // 创建并返回 DestroyableExporter
    return new DestroyableExporter<T>(exporter, originInvoker, overrideSubscribeUrl, registeredProviderUrl);
}

好了，到此关于服务注册的过程就分析完了。整个过程可简单总结为：先创建注册中心实例，之后再通过注册中心实例注册服务。