PUT/Patch都可以对资源进行操作。

PUT对资源进行完整内容的修改,Patch可以对资源进行部分修改。

1.Patch类型

  • JSONPatchType
  • MergePatchType
  • StrategicMergePatch

2.测试对象

创建deploy,下面的Patch操作以此为例:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: demo
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
      tolerations:
      - effect: NoSchedule
        key: abc
        value: xyz

deloy包含:

  • 2个pod;
  • 每个pod含1个container:nginx;
  • 带1个toleration;
# kubectl get deploy,pod
NAME                   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/demo   2/2     2            2           11s

NAME                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/demo-7ff49f4cdb-d9jpc   1/1     Running   0          11s
pod/demo-7ff49f4cdb-t6lsl   1/1     Running   0          11s

3.JSONPatch:

通过client.Patch()进行JSONPatch,修改deploy的replicas=3:

var replicaPatchData = `[{"op": "replace", "path": "/spec/replicas", "value": 3}]`
ctx := context.Background()
result, err := client.AppsV1().Deployments("default").
    Patch(ctx, "demo", types.JSONPatchType, []byte(replicaPatchData), metav1.PatchOptions{})

可以看到,JSONPatch的body中需要指明:

  • op: 操作,比如replace/add/copy等等;
  • path: 操作的目标,这里是json的路径节点;
  • value: 新值;

JSONPatch由于要详细指明路径和操作符,使用较为繁琐。

4.MergePatch

通过client.Patch()进行MergePatch,修改deploy的containers:

var containerPatchData = `{"spec": {"template": {"spec": {"containers": [{"name": "redis", "image": "redis"}]}}}}`
ctx := context.Background()
result, err := client.AppsV1().Deployments("default").
    Patch(ctx, "demo", types.MergePatchType, []byte(containerPatchData), metav1.PatchOptions{})

修改结束后,pod中仍然仅有1个container,但其镜像由nginx被更新为redis;

可以看到,对于MergePath中的body中指明要修改的字段,其内容被完整替换。

MergePatch的特点:

  • 无法追加数组,因为它会直接替换掉原数组内容;
  • 若将value=nil,则其语义=将该项删除;

5.StrategicMergePatch

这是最易于client使用的Patch类型。

1)更新containers

通过client.Patch()进行StrategicMergePatch,修改deloy的containers:

var containerPatchData = `{"spec": {"template": {"spec": {"containers": [{"name": "redis", "image": "redis"}]}}}}`
ctx := context.Background()
result, err := client.AppsV1().Deployments("default").
    Patch(ctx, "demo", types.StrategicMergePatchType, []byte(containerPatchData), metav1.PatchOptions{})

修改结束后,pod中有2个container,新增了一个redis的container。

2)更新tolerations

通过client.Patch()进行StrategicMergePatch,修改deploy的tolerations:

var tolerationPathData = `{"spec": {"template": {"spec": {"tolerations": [{"effect": "NoSchedule", "key": "hij", "value": "opr"}]}}}}`
ctx := context.Background()
result, err := client.AppsV1().Deployments("default").
    Patch(ctx, "demo", types.StrategicMergePatchType, []byte(tolerationPathData), metav1.PatchOptions{})

修改结束后,deploy中仅有1个tolerations,源toleration被替换为新的toleration;

3)更新原理

从上面可以看到,对于delopy中的containers和tolerations,虽然都是slice,但是:

  • containers的StrategicMergePatch进行了slice元素的新增;
  • tolerations的StrategicMergePatch进行了slice的整个替换;

StragegicMergePatch对字段的内容,是Merge还是replace,取决于字段的定义:

// PodSpec is a description of a pod.
type PodSpec struct {
    ....
    Containers []Container `json:"containers" patchStrategy:"merge" patchMergeKey:"name" protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=containers"`
    ...
    Tolerations []Toleration `json:"tolerations,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,22,opt,name=tolerations"`
}
  • Containers字段,patchStrategy=merge,即进行元素的新增;
  • Tolerations字段,未指定patchStragegy字段,默认patchStrategy=replace,即进行元素的替换;

5.CRD类型的Patch

对于CRD类型,不支持StrategicMergePatch,即只能使用JSONPatch或MergePatch。

参考

1.https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/manage-kubernetes-objects...
2.https://erosb.github.io/post/json-patch-vs-merge-patch/
3.https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7386#section-1
4.更新的语义:https://www.cnblogs.com/FengZeng666/p/15128060.html


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