一课玩转自动化运维全流程，轻松应对自动化运维岗-慕慕实战

一课玩转自动化运维全流程，轻松应对自动化运维岗-

///xia仔ke>>：百度网盘
自动化运维是提升系统稳定性和效率的关键环节，涉及监控、部署、备份、故障排查等多个方面。下面，我将为你提供一个自动化运维全流程的实例代码，主要使用Python和一些常用的自动化工具来实现。

1. 监控（使用Prometheus和Alertmanager）

Prometheus配置（prometheus.yml）:

yaml
global:  
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds.  
  
scrape_configs:  
  - job_name: 'node'  
    static_configs:  
      - targets: ['localhost:9100']  
  
alerting:  
  alertmanagers:  
  - static_configs:  
    - targets:  
       - 'localhost:9093'  
  
rule_files:  
  - 'alert.rules'
Alertmanager配置（alertmanager.yml）:

yaml
global:  
  resolve_timeout: 5m  
  
route:  
  group_by: ['alertname']  
  group_wait: 10s  
  group_interval: 10s  
  repeat_interval: 1h  
  receiver: 'web.hook'  
  
receivers:  
- name: 'web.hook'  
  webhook_configs:  
  - url: 'http://localhost:5001/alert'

Python Flask接收告警（app.py）:

python
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify  
  
app = Flask(__name__)  
  
@app.route('/alert', methods=['POST'])  
def alert():  
    data = request.json  
    # 这里可以处理告警数据，比如发送邮件、短信等  
    print(f"Received alert: {data}")  
    return jsonify({'status': 'ok'}), 200  
  
if __name__ == '__main__':  
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5001)
2. 部署（使用Ansible）
Ansible Playbook（deploy.yml）:

yaml
- name: Deploy web app  
  hosts: webservers  
  become: yes  
  tasks:  
    - name: Install Nginx  
      apt:  
        name: nginx  
        state: present  
        update_cache: yes  
  
    - name: Copy website files  
      copy:  
        src: /path/to/local/files/  
        dest: /var/www/html/  
        owner: www-data  
        group: www-data  
        mode: 0644  
  
    - name: Restart Nginx  
      service:  
        name: nginx  
        state: restarted

3. 备份（使用Rsync）

备份脚本（backup.sh）:

bash
#!/bin/bash  
  
SOURCE_DIR="/var/www/html"  
BACKUP_DIR="/path/to/backup/dir"  
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)  
  
rsync -avz $SOURCE_DIR $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE/  
  
echo "Backup completed at $DATE"

4. 故障排查（使用日志收集和分析）

可以使用ELK Stack（Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana）进行日志的收集、分析和可视化。这里仅展示Logstash的配置文件片段，用于收集Nginx日志。

Logstash配置（nginx-log.conf）:

conf
input {  
  file {  
    path => "/var/log/nginx/access.log"  
    start_position => "beginning"  
    sincedb_path => "/dev/null"  
    type => "nginx-access"  
  }  
  file {  
    path => "/var/log/nginx/error.log"  
    start_position => "beginning"  
    sincedb_path => "/dev/null"  
    type => "nginx-error"  
  }  
}  
  
filter {  
  if [type] == "nginx-access" {  
    # 对access日志进行解析和处理  
    grok {  
      match => { "message" => "%{NGINXACCESS}" }  
    }  
    date {  
      match => [ "timestamp" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ]  
    }  
  }  
  if [type] == "nginx-error" {  
    # 对error日志进行解析和处理  
    grok {  
      match => { "message" => "%{GREEDYDATA:error_message}" }  
    }