极狐GitLab 命令行工具 —— glab 使用指南

GitLab 是一个全球知名的一体化 DevOps 平台，很多人都通过私有化部署 GitLab 来进行源代码托管。极狐GitLab ：https://gitlab.cn/install是 GitLab 在中国的发行版，专门为中国程序员服务。可以一键式部署极狐GitLab。

更多关于极狐GitLab ：https://gitlab.cn 或者 DevOps 的最佳实践，可以关注文末的极狐GitLab 公众号。

学习极狐GitLab 的相关资料：

1. 极狐GitLab 官网：https://gitlab.cn
2. 极狐GitLab 官网文档：https://docs.gitlab.cn
3. 极狐GitLab 论坛：https://forum.gitlab.cn/
4. 极狐GitLab 安装配置：https://gitlab.cn/install
5. 极狐GitLab 资源中心：https://resources.gitlab.cn

 

glab的安装

 

不同的操作系统有不同的安装方式，比如在 Ubuntu 22.04 上面可以使用如下命令进行安装：

 

curl -sSL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/upciti/wakemeops/main/assets/install_repository" | sudo bash

apt install glab

 

安装成功，可以用 version命令进行查看：

 

glab version
glab version 1.37.0

 

用 help来查看 glab的所有用法：

 

glab help
GLab is an open source GitLab CLI tool that brings GitLab to your command line.

USAGE
  glab <command> <subcommand> [flags]

CORE COMMANDS
  alias:       Create, list and delete aliases
  api:         Make an authenticated request to GitLab API
  ask:         Generate terminal commands from natural language. (Experimental.)
  auth:        Manage glab's authentication state
  changelog:   Interact with the changelog API
  check-update: Check for latest glab releases
  ci:          Work with GitLab CI/CD pipelines and jobs
  cluster:     Manage GitLab Agents for Kubernetes and their clusters
  completion:  Generate shell completion scripts
  config:      Set and get glab settings
  help:        Help about any command
  incident:    Work with GitLab incidents
  issue:       Work with GitLab issues
  label:       Manage labels on remote
  mr:          Create, view and manage merge requests
  release:     Manage GitLab releases
  repo:        Work with GitLab repositories and projects
  schedule:    Work with GitLab CI schedules
  snippet:     Create, view and manage snippets
  ssh-key:     Manage SSH keys registered with your GitLab account.
  user:        Interact with user
  variable:    Manage GitLab Project and Group Variables
  version:     Show glab version information

FLAGS
      --help      Show help for command
  -v, --version   show glab version information

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
  GITLAB_TOKEN: An authentication token for API requests. Set this variable to
  avoid prompts to authenticate. Overrides any previously-stored credentials.
  Can be set in the config with 'glab config set token xxxxxx'.

  GITLAB_HOST or GL_HOST: Specify the URL of the GitLab server if self-managed.
  (Example: https://gitlab.example.com) Defaults to https://gitlab.com.

  REMOTE_ALIAS or GIT_REMOTE_URL_VAR: A 'git remote' variable or alias that contains
  the GitLab URL. Can be set in the config with 'glab config set remote_alias origin'.

  VISUAL, EDITOR (in order of precedence): The editor tool to use for authoring text.
  Can be set in the config with 'glab config set editor vim'.

  BROWSER: The web browser to use for opening links.
  Can be set in the config with 'glab config set browser mybrowser'.

  GLAMOUR_STYLE: The environment variable to set your desired Markdown renderer style.
  Available options: dark, light, notty. To set a custom style, read
  https://github.com/charmbracelet/glamour#styles

  NO_PROMPT: Set to 1 (true) or 0 (false) to disable or enable prompts.

  NO_COLOR: Set to any value to avoid printing ANSI escape sequences for color output.

  FORCE_HYPERLINKS: Set to 1 to force hyperlinks in output, even when not outputting to a TTY.

  GLAB_CONFIG_DIR: Set to a directory path to override the global configuration location.

LEARN MORE
  Use 'glab <command> <subcommand> --help' for more information about a command.

FEEDBACK
  Encountered a bug or want to suggest a feature?
  Open an issue using 'glab issue create -R gitlab-org/cli'

 

 

glab在使用之前，需要先认证，使用 glab auth login登录验证：

 

# glab auth login
? What GitLab instance do you want to log into? GitLab Self-hosted Instance
? GitLab hostname: jihulab.com # 输入实例地址
? API hostname: jihulab.com
- Logging into jihulab.com
? How would you like to login? Token

Tip: you can generate a Personal Access Token here https://jihulab.com/-/profile/personal_access_tokens?scopes=api,write_repository
The minimum required scopes are 'api' and 'write_repository'.
? Paste your authentication token: ******************** # 输入个人访问令牌，这是重点
? Choose default git protocol SSH
? Choose host API protocol HTTPS
- glab config set -h jihulab.com git_protocol ssh
✓ Configured git protocol
- glab config set -h jihulab.com api_protocol https
✓ Configured API protocol
✓ Logged in as majinghe

 

登录之后，使用 glab auth status查看认证状态：

$ glab auth status
jihulab.com
  ✓ Logged in to jihulab.com as majinghe (/root/.config/glab-cli/config.yml)
  ✓ Git operations for jihulab.com configured to use ssh protocol.
  ✓ API calls for jihulab.com are made over https protocol
  ✓ REST API Endpoint: https://jihulab.com/api/v4/
  ✓ GraphQL Endpoint: https://jihulab.com/api/graphql/
  ✓ Token: **************************

 

接着就可以执行其他命令了。

 

 

glab repo

 

 

glab repo可以对代码仓库进行管理操作。比如 clone一个代码仓库，可以执行如下命令：

 

$ glab repo clone jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform
Cloning into 'terraform'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 58, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (30/30), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (30/30), done.
remote: Total 58 (delta 16), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 28
Receiving objects: 100% (58/58), 9.51 KiB | 2.38 MiB/s, done.

 

用下面的命令创建一个新的极狐GitLab 仓库：

 

$ glab repo create jh-xiaomage-devops/glab-demo
✓ Created repository jh-xiaomage-devops / glab-demo on GitLab: https://jihulab.com/jh-xiaomage-devops/glab-demo
? Create a local project directory for jh-xiaomage-devops / glab-demo? Yes
hint: Using 'master' as the name for the initial branch. This default branch name
hint: is subject to change. To configure the initial branch name to use in all
hint: of your new repositories, which will suppress this warning, call:
hint:
hint:     git config --global init.defaultBranch <name>
hint:
hint: Names commonly chosen instead of 'master' are 'main', 'trunk' and
hint: 'development'. The just-created branch can be renamed via this command:
hint:
hint:     git branch -m <name>
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/xiaomage/glab/terraform/glab-demo/.git/
✓ Initialized repository in './glab-demo/'

 

在极狐GitLab 实例页面上就可以看到创建好的项目了：

 

 

使用如下命令删除仓库：

 

$ glab repo delete jh-xiaomage-devops/glab-demo
This action will permanently delete jh-xiaomage-devops/glab-demo immediately, including its repositories and all content: issues, merge requests.

? Are you ABSOLUTELY SURE you wish to delete jh-xiaomage-devops/glab-demo Yes
- Deleting project jh-xiaomage-devops/glab-demo

 

 

glab issue

 

glab issue主要用来处理极狐GitLab issue。比如选定一个极狐GitLab 项目。使用如下命令，查看该项目上的 issue：

 

$ glab issue list -R jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform
GET https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform/issues: 404 {message: 404 Project Not Found}

 

结果显示 404也就是为找到项目。原因是 glab如果不在某个具体的仓库目录下执行，就会默认去 gitlab.com 上找对应的项目，而演示的代码仓库是在极狐GitLab SaaS jihulab.com 上的。所以，这时候需要做一个设置，让 glab不要读取默认 host 的信息，而是使用 jihulab.com：

 

glab config set -g host jihulab.com

 

再次执行上次的命令就可以了：

 

glab issue list -R jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform
Showing 1 open issue in jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform that match your search (Page 1)

#1  jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform#1  钉钉群添加极狐GitLab机器人测试    about 8 days ago

 

可以看到，列举出来了该项目上的一个 issue。当然，还可以创建新的 issue。

 

glab issue create -a majinghe -c -l bug
? Choose a template Open a blank Issue
? Title jihu gitlab cli demo show
? Description <Received>
? What's next? Add metadata
? Which metadata types to add?
? What's next? Submit
- Creating issue in jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform
#2 jihu gitlab cli demo show (less than a minute ago)
 https://jihulab.com/jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform/-/issues/2

 

根据每一步输出的信息，填写对应的信息，诸如议题主题、描述、标签等，即可完成创建。这些步骤和在 UI 上创建 issue 是一样的。

 

创建完毕即可在 UI 界面上看到对应的 issue 了：

 

 

当然，还可以使用 glab issue view命令查看某个 issue 的详情：

 

$ glab issue view 1
open • opened by majinghe about 9 days ago
钉钉群添加极狐GitLab机器人测试 #1

  test。



0 upvotes • 0 downvotes • 0 comments
Assignees: majinghe

View this issue on GitLab: https://jihulab.com/jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform/-/issues/1

 

 

glab mr

 

glab mr用于对 MR 进行管理（创建、删除等）。

 

使用下面的命令列举当初当前的 MR：

 

$ glab mr list
No open merge requests available on jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform

 

使用下面的命令创建一个 MR：

 

$ glab mr create -a majinghe -t "change disk size in terraform file"
? Choose a template Open a merge request with commit messages
? Description <Received>
? What's next? Add metadata
? Which metadata types to add?
? What's next? Submit

Creating merge request for glab-demo into main in jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform

!1 change disk size in terraform file (glab-demo)
 https://jihulab.com/jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform/-/merge_requests/1

 

在用 glab mr view查看此 MR 的详情：

 

$ glab mr view 1
open • opened by majinghe less than a minute ago
change disk size in terraform file !1


  • chang disk size



0 upvotes • 0 downvotes • 0 comments
Assignees: majinghe
Approvals Status:
✓ This merge request has  changes
x This branch has conflicts that must be resolved

View this merge request on GitLab: https://jihulab.com/jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform/-/merge_requests/1

 

使用如下的命令关闭 MR：

 

$ glab mr close 1
- Closing Merge request...
✓ Closed Merge request !1
!1 change disk size in terraform file (glab-demo)
 https://jihulab.com/jh-xiaomage-devops/terraform/-/merge_requests/1

 

glab还有其他很多用法，可以参考官方文档进行学习使用。