vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的query参数

@[toc]

10.5路由的query参数

<font color='red'>注意点1：</font>

问题：跳转路由并携带query参数的2种写法？

<font color='red'>答案：</font>
<font color='red'>跳转路由并携带query参数，to的字符串写法：</font>

<router-link :to="`/home/message/detail?id=${m.id}&title=${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link>

<font color='red'>跳转路由并携带query参数，to的对象写法</font>

<router-link :to="{
        path:'/home/message/detail',
        query:{
            id:m.id,
            title:m.title
        }
}">
{{m.title}}
</router-link>

<font color='red'>注意点2：</font>

问题：说明注意点1中2种写法的区别？

<font color='red'>答案：</font>to的字符串写法太复杂，第1点to前面要加“：”冒号；第2点同时字符串要用``符号（Tab上面的按键）包裹；第3点动态获取参数需要设置${m.id}。而to的对象写法就显得很简洁且方便。

<font color='red'>注意点3：</font>

问题：路由query方式传递的参数，其他组件如何获取？

<font color='red'>答案：</font>在$route.query中指定获取

案例：将案例改为“路由query参数实现方式”

要求：Home组件下有Message组件，Message组件下有一系列的a标签组件，点击a标签，请求展示不同信息，类似传递不同参数id，查询并展示不同信息。

完整代码

完整项目路径

main.js

//引入Vue
import Vue from 'vue'
//引入App
import App from './App.vue'
//引入VueRouter
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入路由器
import router from './router'

//关闭Vue的生产提示
Vue.config.productionTip = false
//应用插件
Vue.use(VueRouter)

//创建vm
new Vue({
    el:'#app',
    render: h => h(App),
    router:router
})

App.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <div class="row">
      <Banner/>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-xs-2 col-xs-offset-2">
        <div class="list-group">
                    <!-- 原始html中我们使用a标签实现页面的跳转 -->
          <!-- <a class="list-group-item active" href="./about.html">About</a> -->
          <!-- <a class="list-group-item" href="./home.html">Home</a> -->

                    <!-- Vue中借助router-link标签实现路由的切换 -->
                    <router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/about">About</router-link>
          <router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home">Home</router-link>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="col-xs-6">
        <div class="panel">
          <div class="panel-body">
                        <!-- 指定组件的呈现位置 -->
            <router-view></router-view>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    import Banner from './components/Banner'
    export default {
        name:'App',
        components:{Banner}
    }
</script>

index.js

// 该文件专门用于创建整个应用的路由器
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入组件
import About from '../pages/About'
import Home from '../pages/Home'
import News from '../pages/News'
import Message from '../pages/Message'
import Detail from '../pages/Detail'

//创建并暴露一个路由器
export default new VueRouter({
    routes:[
        {
            path:'/about',
            component:About
        },
        {
            path:'/home',
            component:Home,
            children:[
                {
                    path:'news',
                    component:News,
                },
                {
                    path:'message',
                    component:Message,
                    children:[
                        {
                            path:'detail',
                            component:Detail,
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
})

About.vue

<template>
    <h2>我是About的内容</h2>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name:'About',
        /* beforeDestroy() {
            console.log('About组件即将被销毁了')
        },*/
        /* mounted() {
            console.log('About组件挂载完毕了',this)
            window.aboutRoute = this.$route
            window.aboutRouter = this.$router
        },  */
    }
</script>

Home.vue

<template>
    <div>
        <h2>Home组件内容</h2>
        <div>
            <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
                <li>
                    <router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/news">News</router-link>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/message">Message</router-link>
                </li>
            </ul>
            <router-view></router-view>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name:'Home',
        /* beforeDestroy() {
            console.log('Home组件即将被销毁了')
        }, */
        /* mounted() {
            console.log('Home组件挂载完毕了',this)
            window.homeRoute = this.$route
            window.homeRouter = this.$router
        },  */
    }
</script>

News.vue

<template>
    <ul>
        <li>news001</li>
        <li>news002</li>
        <li>news003</li>
    </ul>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name:'News'
    }
</script>

Message.vue

<template>
    <div>
        <ul>
            <li v-for="m in messageList" :key="m.id">
                <!-- 跳转路由并携带query参数，to的字符串写法 -->
                <!-- <router-link :to="`/home/message/detail?id=${m.id}&title=${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link>&nbsp;&nbsp; -->

                <!-- 跳转路由并携带query参数，to的对象写法 -->
                <router-link :to="{
                    path:'/home/message/detail',
                    query:{
                        id:m.id,
                        title:m.title
                    }
                }">
                    {{m.title}}
                </router-link>
            
            </li>
        </ul>
        <hr>
        <router-view></router-view>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name:'Message',
        data() {
            return {
                messageList:[
                    {id:'001',title:'消息001'},
                    {id:'002',title:'消息002'},
                    {id:'003',title:'消息003'}
                ]
            }
        },
    }
</script>

Detail.vue

<template>
    <ul>
        <li>消息编号：{{$route.query.id}}</li>
        <li>消息标题：{{$route.query.title}}</li>
    </ul>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name:'Detail',
        mounted() {
            console.log(this.$route)
        },
    }
</script>

Banner.vue

<template>
    <div class="col-xs-offset-2 col-xs-8">
        <div class="page-header"><h2>Vue Router Demo</h2></div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name:'Banner'
    }
</script>

Index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <!-- 针对IE浏览器的一个特殊配置，含义是让IE浏览器以最高的渲染级别渲染页面 -->
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <!-- 开启移动端的理想视口 -->
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 配置页签图标 -->
    <link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico">
    <!--  引入第三方样式-->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="<%= BASE_URL %>css/bootstrap.css">
    <!--  配置网页标题-->
    <title><%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %></title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <!-- 当浏览器不支持js时noscript中的元素就会被渲染 -->
    <noscript>
      <strong>We're sorry but <%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %> doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.</strong>
    </noscript>
    <!-- 容器 -->
    <div id="app"></div>
    <!-- built files will be auto injected -->
  </body>
</html>

bootstrap.css网上搜一个拷贝进来，这个上前行代码就不拷贝过来了

结果展示：

本人其他相关文章链接

1.《vue2进阶篇：路由》第10章：vue-router，包括基础路由、嵌套路由、路由的query参数和params参数、命名路由、router-link的replace属性、编程式路由、缓存路由组件
2.vue2进阶篇：安装路由
3.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之基础路由
4.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之嵌套（多级）路由
5.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的query参数
6.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之命名路由
7.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的params参数
8.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的props配置
9.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之router-link的replace属性
10.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之编程式路由导航
11.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之缓存路由组件