安装MySQL8数据库

安装MySQL8

MySQL Community Server 社区版本，开源免费，自由下载，但不提供官方技术支持，适用于大多数普通用户。

MySQL Enterprise Edition 企业版本，需付费，不能在线下载，可以试用30天。提供了更多的功能和更完备的技术支持，更适合于对数据库的功能和可靠性要求较高的企业客户。

MySQL Cluster 集群版，开源免费。用于架设集群服务器，可将几个MySQL Server封装成一个Server。需要在社区版或企业版的基础上使用。

MySQL Cluster CGE 高级集群版，需付费。

安装 mysql yum源

[root@web ~]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm

[root@web ~]# yum install ./mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm 

[root@web ~]# 

安装成功后，查看MySQL版本：

[root@web ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-8.4-lts-community                      MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Server 启用
mysql-8.4-lts-community-debuginfo            MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Server 禁用
mysql-8.4-lts-community-source               MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Server 禁用
mysql-cluster-8.0-community                  MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community    禁用
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-debuginfo        MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community -  禁用
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source           MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community -  禁用
mysql-cluster-8.4-lts-community              MySQL Cluster 8.4 LTS Communit 禁用
mysql-cluster-8.4-lts-community-debuginfo    MySQL Cluster 8.4 LTS Communit 禁用
mysql-cluster-8.4-lts-community-source       MySQL Cluster 8.4 LTS Communit 禁用
mysql-cluster-innovation-community           MySQL Cluster Innovation Relea 禁用
mysql-cluster-innovation-community-debuginfo MySQL Cluster Innovation Relea 禁用
mysql-cluster-innovation-community-source    MySQL Cluster Innovation Relea 禁用
mysql-connectors-community                   MySQL Connectors Community     启用
mysql-connectors-community-debuginfo         MySQL Connectors Community - D 禁用
mysql-connectors-community-source            MySQL Connectors Community - S 禁用
mysql-innovation-community                   MySQL Innovation Release Commu 禁用
mysql-innovation-community-debuginfo         MySQL Innovation Release Commu 禁用
mysql-innovation-community-source            MySQL Innovation Release Commu 禁用
mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community                MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Community  启用
mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community-debuginfo      MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Community  禁用
mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community-source         MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Community  禁用
mysql-tools-community                        MySQL Tools Community          禁用
mysql-tools-community-debuginfo              MySQL Tools Community - Debugi 禁用
mysql-tools-community-source                 MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql-tools-innovation-community             MySQL Tools Innovation Communi 禁用
mysql-tools-innovation-community-debuginfo   MySQL Tools Innovation Communi 禁用
mysql-tools-innovation-community-source      MySQL Tools Innovation Communi 禁用
mysql80-community                            MySQL 8.0 Community Server     禁用
mysql80-community-debuginfo                  MySQL 8.0 Community Server - D 禁用
mysql80-community-source                     MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S 禁用
[root@web ~]# 

安装MySQL

[root@web ~]# yum install mysql-community-server

启动MySQL服务
[root@web ~]# systemctl start mysqld

确认MySQL正常启动
[root@web ~]# systemctl status mysqld

设置MySQL开机自启动
[root@web ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

查看生成 MySQL root用户临时密码：
[root@web ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

修改root用户密码

# 登录数据库
[root@web ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.4.3

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> 

# 修改root密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password@2024';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

设置远程登录

# 查看默认库
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

# 选择使用mysql库
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> 


# 查询用户表
mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root             | $A$005$@c%qYYPJ~F-qAGZDHB6e7/1eEIz5VmK2O87RS12HBQpiPrZ7nVNqHX/D3 | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 


# 修改root的授权
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> 


# 需要执行俩次
mysql> Grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
ERROR 1410 (42000): You are not allowed to create a user with GRANT
mysql> 
mysql> Grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> 

# 刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> 
mysql>

# 再次查看用户表
mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | $A$005$@c%qYYPJ~F-qAGZDHB6e7/1eEIz5VmK2O87RS12HBQpiPrZ7nVNqHX/D3 | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

测试连接

# 使用其他主机进行登录数据库
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mysql -u root -p -h 192.168.1.130
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.4.3 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> 

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