HarmonyOS NEXT 权限申请系统授权和用户授权权限

在鸿蒙原生开发中，我们normal级别的证书能够使用的权限分为系统授权权限和用户授权权限

其中系统授权权限只需要在模块的module.json5中requestPermissions中添加name就可以了，不需要reason等信息描述，但用户授权就需要reason和使用方式，同时在使用时还需要向用户弹框申请；下面时定位权限和网络权限的申请

"requestPermissions": [
  { "name": "ohos.permission.LOCATION",
    "reason": "$string:permissionsReason",
    "usedScene": {
      "abilities": [
        "EntryAbility"
      ],
      "when":"always"
    }
  },
  { "name": "ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION",
    "reason": "$string:permissionsReason",
    "usedScene": {
      "abilities": [
        "EntryAbility"
      ],
      "when":"always"
    }
  },
  {
    "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET",
  }
]

无论是用户授权的权限还是系统授权的权限，我们再使用相应api接口时，都需要检查以下是否申请了权限，不然有异常的

export async function checkPermissionGrant(permission: Permissions): Promise<abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus> {
  return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
    let atManager: abilityAccessCtrl.AtManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();
    let grantStatus: abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus = abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_DENIED;

    // 获取应用程序的accessTokenID
    let tokenId: number = 0;
    try {
      let bundleInfo: bundleManager.BundleInfo = await bundleManager.getBundleInfoForSelf(bundleManager.BundleFlag.GET_BUNDLE_INFO_WITH_APPLICATION);
      let appInfo: bundleManager.ApplicationInfo = bundleInfo.appInfo;
      tokenId = appInfo.accessTokenId;
    } catch (error) {
      const err: BusinessError = error as BusinessError;
      CSLogger.info(TAG, `Failed to get bundle info for self. Code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`);
    }

    // 校验应用是否被授予权限
    try {
      grantStatus = await atManager.checkAccessToken(tokenId, permission);
    } catch (error) {
      const err: BusinessError = error as BusinessError;
      CSLogger.info(TAG, `Failed to check access token. Code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`);
    }
    resolve(grantStatus);
  });


}

export async function checkPermissions(permissions: Permissions, callback?: Callback<number>): Promise<boolean> {
  return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
    // 获取权限状态
    checkPermissionGrant(permissions).then((grantStatus: abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus) => {
      let isGrantStatus: boolean = (grantStatus === abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
      if (!isGrantStatus) {
        // 申请权限
        CSLogger.info(TAG, `${permissions} Permission false`);
        resolve(false);
      } else {
        // 已经授权，可以继续访问目标操作
        CSLogger.info(TAG, `${permissions} Permission true`);
        resolve(true);
      }
    })
  });
}

检查完权限后，如果是用户授权的权限还需要用户弹框申请

export function reqPermissionsFromUser(permissions: Array<Permissions>, context: common.UIAbilityContext): Promise<number> {
  return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
    let atManager: abilityAccessCtrl.AtManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();
    // requestPermissionsFromUser会判断权限的授权状态来决定是否唤起弹窗
    await atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(context, permissions).then((data) => {
      CSLogger.info(TAG, `requestPermissionsFromUser data:${JSON.stringify(data)}`);

      let grantStatus: Array<number> = data.authResults;
      let length: number = grantStatus.length;
      for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (grantStatus[i] === 0) {
          // 用户授权，可以继续访问目标操作
          CSLogger.info(TAG, `LOCATION req true, APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION req true`);
          resolve(0);
        } else {
          // 用户拒绝授权，提示用户必须授权才能访问当前页面的功能，并引导用户到系统设置中打开相应的权限
          CSLogger.info(TAG, `请到系统应用“设置”中打开相应的权限。路径：设置 > 隐私 > 权限管理 > 应用 > 目标应用`);
          let err: BusinessError = {
            message: `用户拒绝授权`,
            code: 401,
            name: `用户拒绝授权`
          }
          reject(err);
          return;
        }
      }
    }).catch((err: BusinessError) => {
      CSLogger.info(TAG, `Failed to request permissions from user. Code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`);
      reject(err);
    })
  });
}

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后面会继续补充不足之处。