聊聊spring cloud gateway的ForwardedHeadersFilter

序

本文主要研究一下spring cloud gateway的ForwardedHeadersFilter

GatewayAutoConfiguration

spring-cloud-gateway-core-2.0.0.RC1-sources.jar!/org/springframework/cloud/gateway/config/GatewayAutoConfiguration.java

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@EnableConfigurationProperties
@AutoConfigureBefore(HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration.class)
@AutoConfigureAfter({GatewayLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration.class, GatewayClassPathWarningAutoConfiguration.class})
@ConditionalOnClass(DispatcherHandler.class)
public class GatewayAutoConfiguration {
    //......
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.forwarded.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
    public ForwardedHeadersFilter forwardedHeadersFilter() {
        return new ForwardedHeadersFilter();
    }
    //......
}

ForwardedHeadersFilter

spring-cloud-gateway-core-2.0.0.RC1-sources.jar!/org/springframework/cloud/gateway/filter/headers/ForwardedHeadersFilter.java

public class ForwardedHeadersFilter implements HttpHeadersFilter, Ordered {

    public static final String FORWARDED_HEADER = "Forwarded";

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public HttpHeaders filter(HttpHeaders input, ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        HttpHeaders original = input;
        HttpHeaders updated = new HttpHeaders();

        // copy all headers except Forwarded
        original.entrySet().stream()
                .filter(entry -> !entry.getKey().toLowerCase().equalsIgnoreCase(FORWARDED_HEADER))
                .forEach(entry -> updated.addAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));

        List<Forwarded> forwardeds = parse(original.get(FORWARDED_HEADER));

        for (Forwarded f : forwardeds) {
            updated.add(FORWARDED_HEADER, f.toString());
        }

        //TODO: add new forwarded
        URI uri = request.getURI();
        String host = original.getFirst(HttpHeaders.HOST);
        Forwarded forwarded = new Forwarded()
                .put("host", host)
                .put("proto", uri.getScheme());

        InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = request.getRemoteAddress();
        if (remoteAddress != null) {
            String forValue = remoteAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress();
            int port = remoteAddress.getPort();
            if (port >= 0) {
                forValue = forValue + ":" + port;
            }
            forwarded.put("for", forValue);
        }
        // TODO: support by?

        updated.add(FORWARDED_HEADER, forwarded.toHeaderValue());

        return updated;
    }

    /* for testing */ static List<Forwarded> parse(List<String> values) {
        ArrayList<Forwarded> forwardeds = new ArrayList<>();
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(values)) {
            return forwardeds;
        }
        for (String value : values) {
            Forwarded forwarded = parse(value);
            forwardeds.add(forwarded);
        }
        return forwardeds;
    }

    /* for testing */ static Forwarded parse(String value) {
        String[] pairs = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(value, ";");

        LinkedCaseInsensitiveMap<String> result = splitIntoCaseInsensitiveMap(pairs);
        if (result == null) return null;

        Forwarded forwarded = new Forwarded(result);

        return forwarded;
    }

    @Nullable
    /* for testing */ static LinkedCaseInsensitiveMap<String> splitIntoCaseInsensitiveMap(String[] pairs) {
        if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(pairs)) {
            return null;
        }

        LinkedCaseInsensitiveMap<String> result = new LinkedCaseInsensitiveMap<>();
        for (String element : pairs) {
            String[] splittedElement = StringUtils.split(element, "=");
            if (splittedElement == null) {
                continue;
            }
            result.put(splittedElement[0].trim(), splittedElement[1].trim());
        }
        return result;
    }
}

这个filter首先拷贝了请求的header，然后将请求中的Forwarded提取出来，解析成一个个Forwarded对象，添加到新的HttpHeaders中。除此之外，还补充了一个转发信息的Forwarded(host,proto,for)

Forwarded

语法

Forwarded: by=<identifier>; for=<identifier>; host=<host>; proto=<http|https>

• by=<identifier> 该请求进入到代理服务器的接口。
• for=<identifier> 发起请求的客户端以及代理链中的一系列的代理服务器。
• host=<host> 代理接收到的 Host首部的信息。
• proto=<http|https> 表示发起请求时采用的何种协议（通常是 "http" 或者 "https"）。

实例

Forwarded: for=192.0.2.60; proto=http; by=203.0.113.43
Forwarded: proto=http;host="localhost:10000";for="0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:56443"

对象

static class Forwarded {

        private static final char EQUALS = '=';
        private static final char SEMICOLON = ';';

        private final Map<String, String> values;

        public Forwarded() {
            this.values = new HashMap<>();
        }

        public Forwarded(Map<String, String> values) {
            this.values = values;
        }

        public Forwarded put(String key, String value) {
            this.values.put(key, quoteIfNeeded(value));
            return this;
        }


        private String quoteIfNeeded(String s) {
            if (s.contains(":")) { //TODO: broaded quote
                return "\""+s+"\"";
            }
            return s;
        }

        public String get(String key) {
            return this.values.get(key);
        }

        /* for testing */ Map<String, String> getValues() {
            return this.values;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Forwarded{" +
                    "values=" + this.values +
                    '}';
        }

        public String toHeaderValue() {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : this.values.entrySet()) {
                if (builder.length() > 0) {
                    builder.append(SEMICOLON);
                }
                builder.append(entry.getKey())
                        .append(EQUALS)
                        .append(entry.getValue());
            }
            return builder.toString();
        }
    }

小结

RFC 7239(June 2014)提出了一个标准化的Forwarded头部，来携带反向代理的基本信息，用于替代X-Forwarded系列及X-Real-IP等非标准化的头部。而ForwardedHeadersFilter便是提供了Forwarded头部的转发支持，目前经过gateway的请求会带上一个转发信息的Forwarded(host,proto,for)。

doc

• Forwarded
• Forwarded HTTP Extension
• THE FORWARDED HEADER
• Using the Forwarded header