caffe是一种常用的深度学习框架,主要应用在视频、图像处理方面的应用上。由于没钱买gpu,只能在虚拟机环境下配置Ubuntu CPU版caffe开发环境,大家勿笑。
1.首先,先安装依赖库:
sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev
2.下载编码caffe源码
如果没有安装git,请先安装:
sudo apt-get install git
下载caffe源码:
git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git
cd caffe
cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config
或:
mv Makefile.config.example Makefile.config
打开配置文件:
vim Makefile.config
修改配置文件
# CPU_ONLY:=1
改为:
CPU_ONLY:=1
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib
改为:
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial/
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/
注意:最后面的斜杠/不能去掉,否则编译会报错
进入目录,并打开终端
cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
ubuntu 16.04.4自带python3.5,但需要找出该so库的版本号:
find .|xargs grep -rl "libboost_python-py35.so."
./libboost_mpi_python-py35.so.1.58.0
./libboost_python-py35.so.1.58.0
./libboost_mpi_python-py35.so.1.58.0
./libboost_python-py35.so.1.58.0
./libboost_python-py35.so
./libboost_mpi_python-py35.so
该so库的版本号为1.58.0,软链到/usr/local/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python-py35.so.1.58.0 /usr/local/lib/libboost_python3.so
至此,caffe CPU版配置完毕,下面开始编译caffe
sudo make all -j4
sudo make test
sudo make runtest -j4
注:如何编译报错,去掉后面的-j4再试试
4.安装python库
进入python目录
cd python
查看是ubuntu否有安装pip3,如果没安装会出现如下提示:
pip3 -v
The program 'pip3' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:sudo apt install python3-pip
安装pip3:
sudo apt install python3-pip
修改用户配置文件:
vim ~/.bashrc
在最后一行加入:
export PYTHONPATH=/caffepath/python:$PYTHONPATH
加载配置文件:
sudo ldconfig
安装numpy库:
sudo apt-get install python-numpy
编译caffe,在caffe目录运行:
sudo make pycaffe -j16
安装成功后,进入python2(python2对caffe的支持比较好)进行测试:
python
import caffe
报错:
ImportError: No module named skimage.io
于是考安装skimage.io:
sudo pip install scikit-image
结果发现运行pip报错,真是倒霉的时候喝水都会呛着。错误信息如下:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pip", line 9, in <module>
from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name 'main'
问了一下度娘,还好有解,先修改pip3:
sudo vi /usr/bin/pip3
原文: from pip import main
修改后: from pip._internal import main
然后修改pip:
sudo vi /usr/bin/pip
原文:
from pip import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(main())
修改为:
from pip import __main__
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(__main__._main())
然后输入pip -V验证:
pip -V
pip 18.0 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip (python 2.7)
继续安装scikit-image:
sudo pip install scikit-image
安装成功后,继续输入:
import caffe
No module named google.protobuf.internal
google.protobuf缺失,安装protobuf
sudo pip install protobuf
安装完毕后输入
python
import caffe
如果无错误提示,则说明caffe已经成功安装!
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