Django中间件MIDDLEWARE的分类:

请求期间:

process_request(request)
process_view(request, view_func, view_args, view_kwargs)

返回期间:

process_exception(request, exception) (only if the view raised an exception)
process_template_response(request, response) (only for template responses)
process_response(request, response)

如果需要自定义,在MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES中添加对应路径的文件即可

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    
    // 自定义Middleware方法
    'app_name.middleware.StackOverflowMiddleware',
)

需求场景

在平时django开发调试中,会遇到这样那样的exception报错,我们自定义一个简单的中间件,django的自定义步骤很简单,实现process_exception方法即可

根据exception的name和信息,调用stackoveflow的接口,当debug报错时自动搜索相关的答案,节省一些时间,实现起来很简单

备注:仅为介绍思路,线上代码不要这么使用

代码实现

app目录下 middleware.py文件

import requests
from django.conf import settings

class StackOverflowMiddleware(object):
    def process_exception(self, request, exception):
        if settings.DEBUG:
            intitle = u'{}: {}'.format(exception.__class__.__name__,  exception.message)
            url = 'https://api.stackexchange.com/2.2/search'
            params = {
                'order': 'desc',
                'sort': 'votes',
                'site': 'stackoverflow',
                'pagesize': 3,
                'tagged': 'python;django',
                'intitle': intitle
            }
            r = requests.get(url, params=params)
            questions = r.json()
            if len(questions['items']) > 0:
                print '\nThe stackoverflow answer top 3 is :\n'
                for question in questions['items'][:3]:
                    print '\n'
                    print question['title']
                    print question['link'] + '\n'
            else :
                print '\nstackoverflow answer not found\n'

        return None

效果如下:
图片描述

Django版本:1.9.4
python版本:2.7.6
调试时,settings.DEBUG处于开启模式


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