移动端orm框架性能测评
flutter_orm_plugin 发布以来，不少团队试用了，我发现大家对这类数据库相关的库，第一反应就是性能如何，之前确实没做太多行业对比，最近觉得还是有必要做一下性能测试，给大家一个交代的。
在ios端，业界比较常用的orm框架应该是苹果官方推出的coredata，还有就是realm了。在android端orm框架我挑了三个比较常用的，greendao，realm和activeandroid。我会用flutter_orm_plugin跟上面提到的ios和android端orm框架做对比。 下面我会分别给出测试用例，测试代码，还有最终数据比较的结果。
测试用例
测试用例我列了以下这些
- 10000次插入数据
- 使用批量接口10000次插入数据
- 10000次读取数据
- 10000次修改数据
- 使用批量接口10000次修改数据
- 10000次删除数据
- 使用批量接口10000次删除数据
为什么会有普通插入数据和使用批量接口插入数据的区别，大部分orm框架都会对批量操作有一定的优化，所以需要对批量操作进行测试，但是在平时使用，不一定都能用上批量接口（例如多次数据操作不在同一代码块，或者在不同的模块中都要操作数据），所以我们会分别对普通操作和批量操作进行测试。
android 测试代码
首先我们给出flutter_orm_plugin 的测试代码，由于不想因为flutter和原生channel通讯产生误差，我们直接用Luakit来写lua代码做测试（greendao、realm、activeandroid、coredata都不涉及flutter和原生channel通讯），flutter_orm_plugin其实底层就是luakit的orm框架，这个不影响测试准确性。
循环插入
Luakit定义orm模型结构并做10000次插入，下面的代码是ios和android通用的。
local Student = {
__dbname__ = "test.db",
__tablename__ = "Student",
studentId = {"TextField",{primary_key = true}},
name = {"TextField",{}},
claName = {"TextField",{}},
teacherName = {"TextField",{}},
score = {"RealField",{}},
}
local params = {
name = "Student",
args = Student,
}
Table.addTableInfo(params,function ()
local studentTable = Table("Student”)
for i=1,10000 do
local s = {
studentId = "studentId"..i,
name = "name"..i,
claName = "claName"..i,
teacherName = "teacherName"..i,
score = 90,
}
studentTable(s):save()
end
end)
activeandroid定义orm模型结构并做10000次插入
@Table(name = "Students")
public class Student extends Base {
@Column(name = "studentId")
public String studentId;
@Column(name = "name")
public String name;
@Column(name = "claName")
public String claName;
@Column(name = "teacherName")
public String teacherName;
@Column(name = "score")
public float score;
public Student() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return this.studentId;
}
}
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
Student s = new Student();
s.studentId = "studentId"+i;
s.name = "name"+i;
s.teacherName = "teacherName"+i;
s.claName = "claName"+i;
s.score = 90;
s.save();
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
}
realm android 定义orm模型结构并做10000次插入
public class StudentRealm extends RealmObject {
@PrimaryKey
private String studentId;
@Required
private String name;
@Required
private String teacherName;
@Required
private String claName;
private float score;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getClaName() {
return claName;
}
public void setClaName(String ClaName) {
this.claName = claName;
}
public String getTeacherName() {
return teacherName;
}
public void setTeacherName(String teacherName) {
this.teacherName = teacherName;
}
public String getStudentId() {
return studentId;
}
public void setStudentId(String id) {
this.studentId = id;
}
public float getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(float score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
realm.beginTransaction();
StudentRealm realmStudent = realm.createObject(StudentRealm.class,"studentId"+i);
realmStudent.setName("name"+i);
realmStudent.setTeacherName("setTeacherName"+i);
realmStudent.setClaName("setClaName"+i);
realmStudent.setScore(90);
realm.commitTransaction();
}
GreenDao定义orm模型结构并做10000次插入
@Entity()
public class Student {
@Id
private String studentId;
@NotNull
private String name;
private String claName;
private String teacherName;
private float score;
@Generated(hash = 1491230551)
public Student(String studentId, @NotNull String name, String claName, String teacherName,
float score) {
this.studentId = studentId;
this.name = name;
this.claName = claName;
this.teacherName = teacherName;
this.score = score;
}
@Generated(hash = 1556870573)
public Student() {
}
public String getStudentId() {
return studentId;
}
public void setStudentId(String studentId) {
this.studentId = studentId;
}
@NotNull
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/** Not-null value; ensure this value is available before it is saved to the database. */
public void setName(@NotNull String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getClaName() {
return claName;
}
public void setClaName(String claName) {
this.claName = claName;
}
public String getTeacherName() {
return teacherName;
}
public void setTeacherName(String teacherName) {
this.teacherName = teacherName;
}
public float getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(float score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
DaoSession daoSession = ((App) getApplication()).getDaoSession();
StudentDao sd = daoSession.getStudentDao();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setStudentId("StudentId"+i);
s.setClaName("getClaName"+i);
s.setScore(90);
s.setName("name"+i);
s.setTeacherName("tn"+i);
sd.insertOrReplace(s);
}
批量插入
Luakit没有提供批量插入接口。
active android批量插入10000条数据。
ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
Student s = new Student();
s.studentId = "studentId"+i;
s.name = "name"+i;
s.teacherName = "teacherName"+i;
s.claName = "claName"+i;
s.score = 90;
s.save();
}
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
realm android批量插入10000条数据。
Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance();
realm.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
StudentRealm realmStudent = realm.createObject(StudentRealm.class,"studentId"+i);
realmStudent.setName("name"+i);
realmStudent.setTeacherName("setTeacherName"+i);
realmStudent.setClaName("setClaName"+i);
realmStudent.setScore(90);
}
realm.commitTransaction();
GreenDao批量插入10000条数据
DaoSession daoSession = ((App) getApplication()).getDaoSession();
StudentDao sd = daoSession.getStudentDao();
ArrayList<Student> ss = new ArrayList<Student>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setStudentId("StudentId"+i);
s.setClaName("getClaName"+i);
s.setScore(90);
s.setName("name"+i);
s.setTeacherName("tn"+i);
ss.add(s);
}
sd.insertOrReplaceInTx(ss);
数据查询
Luakit做10000次查询，下面的代码是ios和android通用的。
local studentTable = Table("Student")
for i=1,10000 do
local result = studentTable.get:where({"studentId"..i},"studentId = ?"):all()
end
active android做10000次查询。
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
List<Student> student = new Select()
.from(Student.class)
.where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i)
.execute();
}
realm android 做10000次查询。
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
RealmResults<StudentRealm> students = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findAll();
List<StudentRealm> list = realm.copyFromRealm(students);
}
GreenDao 做10000次查询
DaoSession daoSession = ((App) getApplication()).getDaoSession();
StudentDao sd = daoSession.getStudentDao();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
List<Student> s = sd.queryBuilder()
.where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
.list();
}
循环更新
Luakit做10000次更新。
local studentTable = Table("Student")
for i=1,10000 do
local result = studentTable.get:where({"studentId"..i},"studentId = ?"):update({name = "name2”})
end
active android做10000次更新。
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
Update update = new Update(Student.class);
update.set("name = ?","name2")
.where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i)
.execute();
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
}
realm android做10000次更新。
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
realm.beginTransaction();
StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
student.setClaName("ClaName"+(i+1));
realm.copyToRealmOrUpdate(student);
realm.commitTransaction();
}
GreenDao做10000次更新。
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
List<Student> s = sd.queryBuilder()
.where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
.list();
s.get(0).setName("name2");
sd.update(s.get(0));
}
批量更新
Luakit没有批量更新接口。
active android批量更新10000条数据。
ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
Update update = new Update(Student.class);
update.set("name = ?","name2")
.where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i)
.execute();
}
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
realm android批量更新10000条数据。
realm.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
student.setClaName("ClaName"+(i+1));
realm.copyToRealmOrUpdate(student);
}
realm.commitTransaction();
GreenDao批量更新10000条数据
ArrayList<Student> ss = new ArrayList<Student>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
List<Student> s = sd.queryBuilder()
.where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
.list();
s.get(0).setName("name2");
ss.add(s.get(0));
}
sd.updateInTx(ss);
循环删除
Luakit做10000次删除操作。
local studentTable = Table("Student")
for i=1,10000 do
studentTable.get:where({"studentId"..i},"studentId = ?"):delete()
end
active android做10000次删除操作。
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
new Delete().from(Student.class).where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i).execute();
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
}
realm android做10000次删除操作。
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
realm.beginTransaction();
StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
student.deleteFromRealm();
realm.commitTransaction();
}
GreenDao做10000次删除操作。
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
List<Student> s = sd.queryBuilder()
.where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
.list();
s.get(0).setName("name2");
sd.delete(s.get(0));
}
批量删除
Luakit没有批量删除接口。
active android批量删除10000条数据。
ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
new Delete().from(Student.class).where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i).execute();
}
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
realm android批量删除10000条数据。
realm.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
student.deleteFromRealm();
}
realm.commitTransaction();
GreenDao批量删除10000条数据。
ArrayList<Student> ss = new ArrayList<Student>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
List<Student> s = sd.queryBuilder()
.where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
.list();
ss.add(s.get(0));
}
sd.deleteInTx(ss);
android 测试结果及分析
下面给出测试结果，表格中所有数据的单位是秒，即做10000次操作需要的秒数。
- 可以看到，active android各项性能都一般。
- 在使用批量接口的情况下GreenDao和Realm的性能比较好。
- 在使用批量接口的情况下Realm的性能尤其好，批量插入、查询、批量更改、批量删除都是Realm的性能最好，但是Realm的非批量接口性能较差，所有可以这样总结，如果代码高内聚，可以把数据操作代码入口都统一使用，Realm性能是最好的，但这对代码质量、模块设计有要求，当操作数据的代码到处都有，不能使用批量接口时，Realm的性能是不好的。
- Luakit没有提供批量接口，但从图中可以看出，Luakit的各项性能指标都是比较好的，而且对代码没有要求，即使操作数据的代码不内聚，也不会对性能有影响。
ios测试代码
Luakit是跨平台的，代码跟android一样，下面就不列了，只给出Coredata和 Realm ios
循环插入
Coredata 定义orm模型结构并做10000次插入
@interface Student (CoreDataProperties)
+ (NSFetchRequest<Student *> *)fetchRequest;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *claName;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic) float score;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *studentId;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *teacherName;
@end
self.context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSMainQueueConcurrencyType];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
Student *s = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Student" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];
s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
s.score = 90;
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];
}
Realm ios定义orm模型结构并做10000次插入
@interface StudentRLM : RLMObject
@property NSString *studentId;
@property NSString *name;
@property NSString *teacherName;
@property NSString *claName;
@property float score;
@end
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
StudentRLM *s = [[StudentRLM alloc] init];
s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];;
s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
s.score = 90;
[realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
}
批量插入
Coredata 批量插入10000条数据。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
Student *s = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Student" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];
s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
s.score = 90;
}
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];
Realm ios批量插入10000条数据。
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
StudentRLM *s = [[StudentRLM alloc] init];
s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];;
s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
s.score = 90;
[realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
}
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
查询
Coredata 做10000次查询。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Student"];
request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'"];
NSArray *objs = [self.context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
}
Realm ios做10000次查询。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
RLMResults *results = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'",i]];
StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
}
循环更新
Coredata 做10000次更新。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
NSBatchUpdateRequest *batchUpdateRequest = [[NSBatchUpdateRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Student"];
batchUpdateRequest.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'"];
batchUpdateRequest.propertiesToUpdate = @{@"name" : @"name2"};
batchUpdateRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchUpdateRequest error:&error];
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];
}
Realm ios做10000次更新。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
RLMResults *results = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'",i]];
NSLog(@"results %lu",(unsigned long)[results count]);
StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
[s setName:@"name"];
[realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
}
批量更新
Coredata 批量更新10000条数据。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
NSBatchUpdateRequest *batchUpdateRequest = [[NSBatchUpdateRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Student"];
batchUpdateRequest.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'"];
batchUpdateRequest.propertiesToUpdate = @{@"name" : @"name2"};
batchUpdateRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchUpdateRequest error:&error];
}
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];
Realm ios批量更新10000条数据。
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
RLMResults *results = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'",i]];
NSLog(@"results %lu",(unsigned long)[results count]);
StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
[s setName:@"name”];
[realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
}
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
循环删除
Coredata 做10000次删除操作。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Student"];
request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'"];
NSBatchDeleteRequest *batchRequest = [[NSBatchDeleteRequest alloc] initWithFetchRequest:request];
batchRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchRequest error:&error];
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];
}
Realm ios做10000次删除操作。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
RLMResults *results = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'",i]];
StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
[s setName:@"name"];
[realm deleteObject:s];
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
}
批量删除
Coredata 批量删除10000条数据。
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Student"];
request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'"];
NSBatchDeleteRequest *batchRequest = [[NSBatchDeleteRequest alloc] initWithFetchRequest:request];
batchRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchRequest error:&error];
}
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];
Realm ios批量删除10000条数据。
[realm beginWriteTransaction];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
RLMResults *results = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = 'studentId%d'",i]];
StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
[s setName:@"name"];
[realm deleteObject:s];
}
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
ios 测试结果及分析
下面给出测试结果，表格中所有数据的单位是秒，即做10000次操作需要的秒数。
- 可以看到，Coredata除了批量插入性能是最好的以外，其他项性能都一般。
- Realm ios和Realm android性能非常相似，批量操作性能优异，但是非批量操作性能一般。可以这样总结，如果代码高内聚，可以把数据操作代码入口都统一使用，Realm性能是最好的，但这对代码质量、模块设计有要求，当操作数据的代码到处都有，不能使用批量接口时，Realm的性能是不好的。
- Luakit没有提供批量接口，但从图中可以看出，Luakit的各项性能指标都是比较好的，而且对代码没有要求，即使操作数据的代码不内聚，也不会对性能有影响。
java
android
ios
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