python读取excel数据转为json格式

做自动化时需要从excel读取数据；
本文实现将excel文件数据读取为json格式，方便自动化调用

读取xls文件

使用xlrd读取xls文件代码：

import xlrd


def read_xls(file):
    # 实例化excel
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
    # 下标读取sheet
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(1)
    # sheet name读取sheet
    # sheet = book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
    # 获取总行数
    nrows = sheet.nrows
    # 循环读取每行数据
    datas = []
    for i in range(1, nrows):
        # print(sheet.row_values(i))
        # 数据组装dic+t格式
        data = dict(zip(sheet.row_values(0), sheet.row_values(i)))
        datas.append(data)
    return datas

读取xlsx文件

因为xlrd只能读取xls，如遇到xlsx文件，需要使用openpyxl库读取，代码如下：

from openpyxl import load_workbook
def read_xlsx(file):
    # 加载文件
    book = load_workbook(file)
    # sheet name获取sheet：
    sheet = book['sheet1']
    # 获取总行数
    rows = sheet.max_row
    # 获取总列数
    # cols = sheet.max_column
    # print(rows)
    # 获取表头
    head = [row for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_row=1, values_only=True)][0]
    # 数据组装
    datas = []
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=rows + 1, values_only=True):
        data = dict(zip(head, row))
        datas.append(data)
    # print(datas)
    return datas

判断文件类型方法

最后根据文件后缀自动选择对应方法读取

def read_excel(file: str):
    if file.endswith('xls'):
        data = read_xls(file)
    elif file.endswith('xlsx'):
        data = read_xlsx(file)
    else:
        data = ['not support file']
    return data

最终代码

import xlrd
from openpyxl import load_workbook


def read_xls(file):
    # 实例化excel
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
    # 下标读取sheet
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(1)
    # sheet name读取sheet
    # sheet = book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
    # 获取总行数
    nrows = sheet.nrows
    # 循环读取每行数据
    datas = []
    for i in range(1, nrows):
        # print(sheet.row_values(i))
        # 数据组装dic+t格式
        data = dict(zip(sheet.row_values(0), sheet.row_values(i)))
        datas.append(data)
    return datas


def read_xlsx(file):
    # 加载文件
    book = load_workbook(file)
    # sheet name获取sheet：
    sheet = book['sheet1']
    # 获取总行数
    rows = sheet.max_row
    # 获取总列数
    # cols = sheet.max_column
    # print(rows)
    # 获取表头
    head = [row for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_row=1, values_only=True)][0]
    # 数据组装
    datas = []
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=rows + 1, values_only=True):
        data = dict(zip(head, row))
        datas.append(data)
    # print(datas)
    return datas
    # 获取单元格值：
    # Data = sheet.cell(row=row, column=col).value  # 获取表格内容，是从第一行第一列是从1开始的，注意不要丢掉 .value


def read_excel(file: str):
    if file.endswith('xls'):
        data = read_xls(file)
    elif file.endswith('xlsx'):
        data = read_xlsx(file)
    else:
        data = ['not support file']
    return data

End
流柯 https://segmentfault.com/u/cnliuke